<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lindh, Johan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kosta Y. Mumcuoglu</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular analysis of pyrethroid resistance in &lt;i&gt;Pediculus humanus capitis&lt;/i&gt; from Israel.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trends in Entomology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Head louse</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Israel</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Permethrin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">resistance</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/68942.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">37 - 41</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Head lice infestations are common amongst&amp;nbsp;school children in many countries. In Israel, over&amp;nbsp;the last two decades, control strategies have&amp;nbsp;focused on the use of pyrethroids. Control failure&amp;nbsp;was reported in several areas of the country two&amp;nbsp;years after introduction of permethrin to the&amp;nbsp;market. In the present study lice were collected&amp;nbsp;from children from nine primary schools in&amp;nbsp;six neighborhoods in Jerusalem. The overall&amp;nbsp;prevalence of head lice infestation was 11%,&amp;nbsp;while 93% of the examined lice were found to&amp;nbsp;be resistant to permethrin. The 3 earlier described&amp;nbsp;point mutations involved in a knockdown&amp;nbsp;resistance, i.e., M815I, T929I and I932F were&amp;nbsp;used to detect resistance. Lice with 3 mutated&amp;nbsp;sites were the most dominant haplotype detected&amp;nbsp;(60%), while lice with 2 mutated sites (T929I and&amp;nbsp;I932F) accounted for 31% of those sequenced. All&amp;nbsp;point mutations existed on both alleles of the&amp;nbsp;voltage gated sodium channel &amp;alpha;-subunit locus.&lt;/p&gt;
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