<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Y. Ajith</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Umesh Dimri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shanker K. Singh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arumugam Gopalakrishnan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gopinath Devi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Med Ram Verma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vivek Joshi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shahjahan Alam</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lice induced immuno-oxidative wreckage of goats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Veterinary Parasitology</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Veterinary Parasitology</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caprine pediculosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytokine response</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Immunosuppression</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidative impairments</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan-08-2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0304401717302200</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">242</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">24 - 30</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The present study aimed to evaluate the immuno-oxidative patho-biology of lice infestation in goats. Sixty goats were divided into five groups; sucking lice (Linognathus africanus) infested (Group 1, n = 12), chewing lice (Bovicola caprae) infested-mild (Group 2, n = 12), chewing lice (B. caprae) infested-moderate (Group 3, n = 12), chewing lice (B. caprae) infested-severe (Group 4, n = 12) and healthy control (Group 5, n = 12). To assess the pathological changes, markers of oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation-LPO, reduced glutathione-GSH, superoxide dismutase-SOD, Catalase-CAT and total antioxidant capacity-TAC), the markers of immune status (Tumour necrosis factor alpha- TNF-&amp;alpha;, Interleukin-10- IL-10, Transforming growth factor beta 1- TGF-&amp;beta;1, ratios of TNF-&amp;alpha;/IL-10 and TNF-&amp;alpha;/TGF-&amp;beta;1) and hemato-biochemical status were evaluated. Significant anemia, hypoglycemia, hypoproteinemia and hypoalbuminemia were observed in caprine pediculosis irrespective of the type of lice infested. Remarkably increased oxidative stress was observed in chewing lice infested goats and no significant changes in oxidative stress markers were observed in sucking lice infested goats. TGF-&amp;beta; mediated suppression of Th1 and Th2 immune responses was observed in sucking lice infested goats; whereas, a Th2 cytokine dominant inflammatory response was observed in chewing lice infested goats. From the present study, it may be concluded that sucking lice infestation produces remarkable immunosuppression and chewing lice infestation produces significant oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in goats.&lt;/p&gt;
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