<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strycharz,Joseph P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kyong Sup Yoon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clark,J. Marshall</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A New Ivermectin Formulation Topically Kills Permethrin-Resistant Human Head Lice (Anoplura: Pediculidae)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Medical Entomology</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Med Entomol</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">human head louse</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">in vitro rearing system</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ivermectin formulation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan 2008</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://academic.oup.com/jme/article/45/1/75/874003</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">45</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">75 - 81</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;This study examines the effectiveness of a new ivermectin formulation for the topical treatment of the human head louse, Pediculus humanus capitis De Geer (Anoplura: Pediculidae). Permethrin-resistant lice originally obtained from south Florida and maintained on an in vitro rearing system were 100% susceptible to ivermectin formulations by using a semiclinical hair tuft bioassay. The formulation was 100% effective at killing lice using 1, 0.5, and 0.25% ivermectin concentrations after 10-min exposures. As judged by the lethal time (LT)50 and LT95 values, 0.5% formulated ivermectin was 3.8 and 3.2 times faster at killing lice, respectively, than 0.5% nonformulated ivermectin, indicating that the formulation may facilitate the penetration of ivermectin into the louse. The hair tuft-based bioassay in conjunction with the in vitro rearing system provides a standardized method to assess the comparative ef&amp;THORN;cacy of pediculicide formulations in a reproducible format that mimics the exposure scenario that occurs on the human scalp.&lt;/p&gt;
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