<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brian L. Chen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mullens,B. A.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Temperature and Humidity Effects on Off-Host Survival of the Northern Fowl Mite (Acari: Macronyssidae) and the Chicken Body Louse (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Economic Entomology</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ec</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">humidity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ornithonyssus sylviarum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">survival</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">temperature</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan-04-2008</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://academic.oup.com/jee/article/101/2/637/902882</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">101</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">637 - 646</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Off-host survival of the northern fowl mite, Ornithonyssus sylviarum (Canestrini &amp;amp; Fanzago) (Acari: Macronyssidae), and the chicken body louse, Menacanthus stramineus (Nitzsch) (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae), was studied at 12 combinations of temperature (15, 21, 27, and 33?C) and humidity (31, 65, and 85% RH). Mite protonymphs and louse third instars survived longer on average than the respective adult stages. Higher temperatures signi&amp;THORN;cantly reduced survival of adult and immature stages of both ectoparasites, whereas relative humidity had signi&amp;THORN;cant effects on O. sylviarum (especially protonymphs) but not M. stramineus. The LT50 values for adult northern fowl mites ranged from 1.9 (at 33?C, 31%RH) to 8.3 d (at 15?C, 85%RH), LT50 values for mite protonymphs ranged from 2.0 (at 33?C, 31%RH) to 18.1 d (at 15?C, 85%RH), LT50 values for adult lice ranged from 0.5 (at 33?C, 31%RH) to 1.7 d (at 15?C, 65%RH), and LT50 values for nymphal lice ranged from 1.2 (at 33?C, 65%RH) to 3.3 d (at 21?C, 31%RH). Maximum survival of the northern fowl mite was up to 35 d for adults and 29 d for protonymphs. Maximum survival for the chicken body louse was 3.3 d for adults and 5.8 d for nymphs. The data provide minimum guidelines for leaving poultry houses vacant long enough to allow ectoparasites to die before introduction of subsequent new &amp;szlig;ocks.&lt;/p&gt;
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