<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nur-Syazana, Mad-Tahir</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MACROPARASITE COMMUNITIES OF WILD RATS FROM ISLAND AND COASTAL HABITATS IN PENINSULAR MALAYSIA</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Faculty of Science</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rattus rattus diardii</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/268877843.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">University of Malaya</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kuala Lumpur</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MSc</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">226 pp</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The occurrences&amp;nbsp; of&amp;nbsp; macroparasites communities&amp;nbsp; in363wild ratsof two&amp;nbsp; urban coastalcities (Kuantan and Malacca)and two islands (Carey&amp;nbsp; Island and Penang)of Peninsular Malaysia&amp;nbsp; wererecordedbetweenMay&amp;nbsp; 2010&amp;nbsp; to&amp;nbsp; August&amp;nbsp; 2011. The wild&amp;nbsp; ratsfrom&amp;nbsp; both habitatscomprised ofmainly commensal rat species namely;Rattus norvegicus, Rattus rattus&amp;nbsp; diardii,&amp;nbsp; Rattus&amp;nbsp; tiomanicusand Rattus&amp;nbsp; argentiventer. Overall,&amp;nbsp; higher&amp;nbsp; numbers&amp;nbsp; of females&amp;nbsp; (60.3%)&amp;nbsp; were&amp;nbsp; captured&amp;nbsp; compared&amp;nbsp; to&amp;nbsp; males&amp;nbsp; (39.7%) with&amp;nbsp; more&amp;nbsp; adults&amp;nbsp; (87.9%) compared to juveniles&amp;nbsp; (12.1%).The ratswere infected witha minimum of one species and a maximum of six species of ectoparasiteswhile up to five species of endoparasiteswere&amp;nbsp; seen&amp;nbsp; in&amp;nbsp; each&amp;nbsp; rat.InR.&amp;nbsp; norvegicusthe&amp;nbsp; highest number&amp;nbsp; of&amp;nbsp; ecto&amp;nbsp; and&amp;nbsp; endoparasites infestation/infection was seen respectively.There&amp;nbsp; were&amp;nbsp; no differences&amp;nbsp; inthe types&amp;nbsp; of macroparasites&amp;nbsp; recovered fromboth&amp;nbsp; coastal and&amp;nbsp; island rat populations. Overall,&amp;nbsp; ectoparasites&amp;nbsp; diversity&amp;nbsp; index&amp;nbsp; was&amp;nbsp; low&amp;nbsp; for&amp;nbsp; all&amp;nbsp; sites, although&amp;nbsp; Carey&amp;nbsp; Island&amp;nbsp; recorded&amp;nbsp; higher&amp;nbsp; index&amp;nbsp; compared&amp;nbsp; to&amp;nbsp; other&amp;nbsp; locations&amp;nbsp; with 8 numbers of species. Nine cosmopolitan ectoparasitespecies were recoveredin total with 5mite&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; species,(Laelaps&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; nuttali,&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Laelaps&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; echidninus,&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Ornithonyssus&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; bacoti, Listrophoroidessp.,&amp;nbsp; Laelaps&amp;nbsp; sculpturatus) 2lice,(Polyplax&amp;nbsp; spinulosa,&amp;nbsp; Hoplopleura pacifica,)one&amp;nbsp; flea(Xenopsylla&amp;nbsp; cheopis)and one&amp;nbsp; tick(Ixodes granulatus).Host sex (male&amp;nbsp; and&amp;nbsp; female)&amp;nbsp; and&amp;nbsp; host&amp;nbsp; age&amp;nbsp; (adult&amp;nbsp; and&amp;nbsp; juvenile)did&amp;nbsp; not influence&amp;nbsp; ectoparasite infestation&amp;nbsp; onthe&amp;nbsp; rat&amp;nbsp; population.&amp;nbsp; However,&amp;nbsp; seasons playeda&amp;nbsp; significant&amp;nbsp; role with Ornithonyssus&amp;nbsp; bacoti, Laelaps&amp;nbsp; sculpturatus,Polyplax&amp;nbsp; spinulosa,Hoplopleura&amp;nbsp; pacificaand Ixodes granulatus with higher infestionduring wetcompared to dry season.Endoparasites&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; infections&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; comprised&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; entirely&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; of&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; cosmopolitan&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; species,&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; namely Nippostrongylus&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; brasiliensis,&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Angiostrongylus&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; malaysiensis,&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Capillaria&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; hepatica, Mastophorus&amp;nbsp; muris, Heterakis&amp;nbsp; spumosa,&amp;nbsp; Hepatojarakus&amp;nbsp; malayae, Syphacia&amp;nbsp; muris, Taenia&amp;nbsp; taeniaeformis, Hymenolepis&amp;nbsp; diminuta andRodentolepis (=Hymenolepis)nana. Species&amp;nbsp; diversity index&amp;nbsp; was&amp;nbsp; low&amp;nbsp; in&amp;nbsp; all&amp;nbsp; locations. Host&amp;nbsp; sex&amp;nbsp; influenced&amp;nbsp; endoparasitic infection only&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; forCapillariahepatica,&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Syphacia&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; murisand Rodentolepis (=Hymenolepis)nanawhile other helminths(Hepatojarakus&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; malayae,&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Taenia taeniaformis, Rodentolepis (=Hymenolepis)nana)&amp;nbsp; showed&amp;nbsp; significant&amp;nbsp; effects&amp;nbsp; between host ages. Season also played a significant role determining diversity and prevalence for most endoparasitespecies with higherinfectionobservedduring the dry season. Despite&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; low&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; diversity,seven&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ectoparasites(Laelapsnuttali,Laelapsechidninus,Ornithonyssus bacoti,Polyplax spinulosa,Hoplopleurapacifica,Ixodes granulatusand Xenopsylla&amp;nbsp; cheopis)&amp;nbsp; and5helminths&amp;nbsp; species(Capillaria&amp;nbsp; hepatica,Angiostrongylus malaysiensis,Hymenolepis diminuta, Taenia taeniaeformis, Rodentolepis (=Hymenolepis)nana)recoveredwere&amp;nbsp; zoonotic. The&amp;nbsp; close&amp;nbsp; association&amp;nbsp; between&amp;nbsp; the&amp;nbsp; ratpopulationswithhuman may facilitate the transmission ofzoonotic parasitescirculating in&amp;nbsp; these&amp;nbsp; ecosystems. Therefore,&amp;nbsp; long&amp;nbsp; term&amp;nbsp; monitoring&amp;nbsp; of&amp;nbsp; the&amp;nbsp; rodent&amp;nbsp; population&amp;nbsp; is necessary in order to predict future disease prevalence.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Master of Science in Biologicl Sciences</style></work-type></record></records></xml>