<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alireza Sazmand</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aliasghar Bahari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sareh Papi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Domenico Otranto</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parasitic diseases of equids in Iran (1931–2020): a literature review</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%"> Parasites Vectors</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Donkey</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Equus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Horse</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iran</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mule</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">parasite</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">review</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nov-19-2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://parasitesandvectors.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13071-020-04472-w</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19 pp</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;jats p=&quot;&quot;&gt;Parasitic infections can cause many respiratory, digestive and other diseases and contribute to some performance conditions in equids. However, knowledge on the biodiversity of parasites of equids in Iran is still limited. The present review covers all the information about parasitic diseases of horses, donkeys, mules and wild asses in Iran published as articles in Iranian and international journals, dissertations and congress papers from 1931 to July 2020. Parasites so far described in Iranian equids include species of 9 genera of the Protozoa (&lt;jats italic=&quot;&quot;&gt;Trypanosoma&lt;/jats&gt;, &lt;jats italic=&quot;&quot;&gt;Giardia&lt;/jats&gt;, &lt;jats italic=&quot;&quot;&gt;Eimeria&lt;/jats&gt;, &lt;jats italic=&quot;&quot;&gt;Klossiella&lt;/jats&gt;, &lt;jats italic=&quot;&quot;&gt;Cryptosporidium&lt;/jats&gt;, &lt;jats italic=&quot;&quot;&gt;Toxoplasma&lt;/jats&gt;, &lt;jats italic=&quot;&quot;&gt;Neospora&lt;/jats&gt;, &lt;jats italic=&quot;&quot;&gt;Theileria&lt;/jats&gt; and &lt;jats italic=&quot;&quot;&gt;Babesia&lt;/jats&gt;), 50 helminth species from the digestive system (i.e., 2 trematodes, 3 cestodes and 37 nematodes) and from other organs (i.e., &lt;jats italic=&quot;&quot;&gt;Schistosoma turkestanica&lt;/jats&gt;, &lt;jats italic=&quot;&quot;&gt;Echinococcus granulosus&lt;/jats&gt;, &lt;jats italic=&quot;&quot;&gt;Dictyocaulus arnfieldi&lt;/jats&gt;, &lt;jats italic=&quot;&quot;&gt;Parafilaria multipapillosa&lt;/jats&gt;, &lt;jats italic=&quot;&quot;&gt;Setaria equina&lt;/jats&gt; and 3 &lt;jats italic=&quot;&quot;&gt;Onchocerca&lt;/jats&gt; spp.). Furthermore, 16 species of hard ticks, 3 mite species causing mange, 2 lice species, and larvae of 4 &lt;jats italic=&quot;&quot;&gt;Gastrophilus&lt;/jats&gt; species and &lt;jats italic=&quot;&quot;&gt;Hippobosca equina&lt;/jats&gt; have been reported from equids in Iran. Archeoparasitological findings in coprolites of equids include &lt;jats italic=&quot;&quot;&gt;Fasciola hepatica&lt;/jats&gt;, &lt;jats italic=&quot;&quot;&gt;Oxyuris equi&lt;/jats&gt;, &lt;jats italic=&quot;&quot;&gt;Anoplocephala&lt;/jats&gt; spp&lt;jats italic=&quot;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/jats&gt; and intestinal strongyles. Parasitic diseases are important issues in terms of animal welfare, economics and public health; however, parasites and parasitic diseases of equines have not received adequate attention compared with ruminants and camels in Iran. The present review highlights the knowledge gaps related to equines about the presence, species, genotypes and subtypes of &lt;jats italic=&quot;&quot;&gt;Neospora hughesi&lt;/jats&gt;, &lt;jats italic=&quot;&quot;&gt;Sarcocystis &lt;/jats&gt;spp., &lt;jats italic=&quot;&quot;&gt;Trichinella&lt;/jats&gt; spp., &lt;jats italic=&quot;&quot;&gt;Cryptosporidium&lt;/jats&gt; spp., &lt;jats italic=&quot;&quot;&gt;Giardia duodenalis&lt;/jats&gt;, &lt;jats italic=&quot;&quot;&gt;Blastocystis&lt;/jats&gt; and microsporidia. Identification of ticks vectoring pathogenic parasites, bacteria and viruses has received little attention, too. The efficacy of common horse wormers also needs to be evaluated systematically.&lt;/jats&gt; &lt;jats p=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;jats bold=&quot;&quot;&gt;Graphical Abstract&lt;/jats&gt;&lt;/jats&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">(1) 586</style></issue></record></records></xml>