<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yalun Dong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Min Zhao</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Renfu Shao</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fragmented mitochondrial genomes of seal lice (family Echinophthiriidae) and gorilla louse (family Pthiridae): frequent minichromosomal splits and a host switch of lice between seals</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gorilla louse</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">host switch</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mitochondrial minichromosomes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seal lice</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Split and merge</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apr-08-2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://bmcgenomics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12864-022-08530-8</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">23</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;jats sec=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;jats title=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/jats&gt; &lt;jats p=&quot;&quot;&gt;The mitochondrial (mt) genomes of 15 species of sucking lice from seven families have been studied to date. These louse species have highly dynamic, fragmented mt genomes that differ in the number of minichromosomes, the gene content, and gene order in a minichromosome between families and even between species of the same genus.&lt;/jats&gt; &lt;/jats&gt;&lt;jats sec=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;jats title=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/jats&gt;&lt;/jats&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;jats sec=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;jats title=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/jats&gt;&lt;strong&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;jats p=&quot;&quot;&gt;In the present study, we analyzed the publicly available data to understand mt genome fragmentation in seal lice (family Echinophthiriidae) and gorilla louse, &lt;jats italic=&quot;&quot;&gt;Pthirus gorillae&lt;/jats&gt; (family Pthiridae), in particular the role of minichromosome split and minichromosome merger in the evolution of fragmented mt genomes. We show that 1) at least three ancestral mt minichromosomes of sucking lice have split in the lineage leading to seal lice, 2) one minichromosome ancestral to primate lice has split in the lineage to the gorilla louse, and 3) two ancestral minichromosomes of seal lice have merged in the lineage to the northern fur seal louse. Minichromosome split occurred 15-16 times in total in the lineages leading to species in six families of sucking lice investigated. In contrast, minichromosome merger occurred only four times in the lineages leading to species in three families of sucking lice. Further, three ancestral mt minichromosomes of sucking lice have split multiple times independently in different lineages of sucking lice. Our analyses of mt karyotypes and gene sequences also indicate the possibility of a host switch of crabeater seal louse to Weddell seals.&lt;/jats&gt; &lt;/jats&gt;&lt;jats sec=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;jats title=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/jats&gt;&lt;/jats&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;jats sec=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;jats title=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/jats&gt; &lt;jats p=&quot;&quot;&gt;We conclude that: 1) minichromosome split contributes more than minichromosome merger in mt genome fragmentation of sucking lice, and 2) mt karyotype comparison helps understand the phylogenetic relationships between sucking louse species.&lt;/jats&gt; &lt;/jats&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record></records></xml>