<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dong,Wen-ge</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yalun Dong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guo,Xian-guo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Renfu Shao</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frequent tRNA gene translocation towards the boundaries with control regions contributes to the highly dynamic mitochondrial genome organization of the parasitic lice of mammals</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BMC Genomics</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">genome fragmentation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microthoradus praelongiceps</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mitochondrial karyotype</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parasitic lice</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pediculus badii</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tRNA translocation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aug-06-2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://bmcgenomics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12864-021-07859-w</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16 pp</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;jats sec=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;jats title=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/jats&gt; &lt;jats p=&quot;&quot;&gt;The typical single-chromosome mitochondrial (mt) genome of animals has fragmented into multiple minichromosomes in the lineage Mitodivisia, which contains most of the parasitic lice of eutherian mammals. These parasitic lice differ from each other even among congeneric species in mt karyotype, i.e. the number of minichromosomes, and the gene content and gene order in each minichromosome, which is in stark contrast to the extremely conserved single-chromosome mt genomes across most animal lineages. How fragmented mt genomes evolved is still poorly understood. We use &lt;jats italic=&quot;&quot;&gt;Polyplax&lt;/jats&gt; sucking lice as a model to investigate how tRNA gene translocation shapes the dynamic mt karyotypes.&lt;/jats&gt; &lt;/jats&gt;&lt;jats sec=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;jats title=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/jats&gt;&lt;/jats&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;jats sec=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;jats title=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/jats&gt; &lt;jats p=&quot;&quot;&gt;We sequenced the full mt genome of the Asian grey shrew louse, &lt;jats italic=&quot;&quot;&gt;Polyplax reclinata&lt;/jats&gt;. We then inferred the ancestral mt karyotype for &lt;jats italic=&quot;&quot;&gt;Polyplax&lt;/jats&gt; lice and compared it with the mt karyotypes of the three &lt;jats italic=&quot;&quot;&gt;Polyplax&lt;/jats&gt; species sequenced to date. We found that tRNA genes were entirely responsible for mt karyotype variation among these three species of &lt;jats italic=&quot;&quot;&gt;Polyplax&lt;/jats&gt; lice. Furthermore, tRNA gene translocation observed in &lt;jats italic=&quot;&quot;&gt;Polyplax&lt;/jats&gt; lice was only between different types of minichromosomes and towards the boundaries with the control region. A similar pattern of tRNA gene translocation can also been seen in other sucking lice with fragmented mt genomes.&lt;/jats&gt; &lt;/jats&gt;&lt;jats sec=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;jats title=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/jats&gt;&lt;/jats&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;jats sec=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;jats title=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/jats&gt; &lt;jats p=&quot;&quot;&gt;We conclude that inter-minichromosomal tRNA gene translocation orientated towards the boundaries with the control region is a major contributing factor to the highly dynamic mitochondrial genome organization in the parasitic lice of mammals.&lt;/jats&gt; &lt;/jats&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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