<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mulugeta Yebegaeshet</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yacob Hailu Tolossa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hagos Ashenafi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ectoparasites of small ruminants in three selected agro-ecological sites of Tigray Region, Ethiopia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tropical Animal Health and Production</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ectoparasites</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">goats</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">North Ethiopia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sheep</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tigray region</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apr-06-2010</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11250-010-9551-0</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">42</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1219-1224</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;A study on ectoparasites of small ruminants in three selected agro-ecological sites of Tigray Region, Ethiopia disclosed an overall prevalence of 55.5% and 58% in each examined 750 sheep and goats, respectively. In the sheep population, &lt;i&gt;Melophagus ovinus&lt;/i&gt; (19.1%), tick infestations (16%), &lt;i&gt;Damalinia ovis&lt;/i&gt; (15.3%), &lt;i&gt;Linognathus africanus&lt;/i&gt; (11.5%), and &lt;i&gt;Ctenocephalides felis&lt;/i&gt; (9%) were the major ectoparasites. The major ectoparasites identified in goats were tick infestations (29.7%), &lt;i&gt;L. africanus&lt;/i&gt; (27.9%), &lt;i&gt;Sarcoptes scabiei&lt;/i&gt; var&lt;i&gt;. caprae&lt;/i&gt; (12.5%), &lt;i&gt;C. felis&lt;/i&gt; (11.1%), and &lt;i&gt;Demodex caprae&lt;/i&gt; (6.8%). In sheep, there was a statistically significant difference (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&amp;thinsp;&amp;lt;&amp;thinsp;0.001) in the prevalence of &lt;i&gt;Damalinia ovis&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;M. ovinus&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;L. africanus&lt;/i&gt;, and ticks between midland and highland. In goats, the risk of &lt;i&gt;Sarcoptes scabiei&lt;/i&gt; var. &lt;i&gt;caprae&lt;/i&gt; infestation in midland (odds ratio (OR)&amp;thinsp;=&amp;thinsp;17.2, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&amp;thinsp;&amp;lt;&amp;thinsp;0.001) and lowland (OR&amp;thinsp;=&amp;thinsp;5.2, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&amp;thinsp;&amp;lt;&amp;thinsp;0.001) was 17.2 times and 5.2 times, respectively, higher than the highland. Favorable climatic conditions, backward level of management, poor level of consciousness and awareness of farmers, and weak animal health extension services are believed to have contributed for widespread distribution and occurrences of ectoparasites. The growing threat of ectoparasites to small ruminant production and the tanning industry needs well-coordinated and urgent control intervention.&lt;/p&gt;
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