@article {48434, title = {The mating behaviour of Oxylipeurus variegatus (Mallophaga: Lipeuridae)}, journal = {Garcia de Orta. S{\'e}rie Zoolog{\'\i}a}, volume = {23}, year = {1999}, month = {1999}, pages = {91 - 92}, abstract = {

While the position of the sexes in mating may be different in different groups of Mallophaga, much of this kind of information is unavailable in the literature (EICHLER, 1963). In most cases (at least in Ischnocera) the position is subfeminal, i. e., the male is under the female (SIKORA \& EICHLER, 1941). In the case of Columbicola columbae (Linnaeus, 1758) the male clasps from below with his seizing antennae the first abdominal segment of the female (SCHMUTZ, 1955).Here, I present a description of the copulatory position for Oxylipeurus variegatus Carriker, 1944 (Lipeuridae).

}, url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/47580.pdf}, author = {Oniki,Yoshika} } @article {44288, title = {Fauna de Mallophaga (Insecta: Aptera) de ectoparasitos em Gallus gallus L. e Columba livia L. amostrados no Rio de Janeiro - Brasil}, journal = {Entomolog{\'\i}a y Vectores, Rio de Janeiro}, volume = {6}, year = {1999}, month = {1999}, pages = {509 - 515}, abstract = {

Samples of Mallophaga were sent to the Laboratory of Izodides to be identified. The purpose of this work was to identify the species of lices collected from Columba livia (L., 1758) and Gallus gallus (L., 1758). The samples were collected from May/94 to August/96 in the municipal district of Serop\édica and suburb of Campo Grande, Rio de Janeiro. The samples were processed accordding to PINTO (1938). The most common specie in Columba livia was Columbicola columbae (L., 1758) followed by Colpocephalum turbinatum Denny, 1842. In Gallus gallus the species identified were Menopon gallinae (L., 1758), Gonocotes gallinae (DeGeer, 1778), Goniodes dissimilis Denny, 1842, Colpocephalum turbinatum, Cuclotogaster heterographus (Nitzsch, 1866) and Menacanthus pallidulus (Neumann, 1912)

}, url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/42912.pdf}, author = {Oliveira,Heloiza Helena de and Ferreira,Ildemar and Serra-Freire,Nicolau Mau{\'e}s da} } @article {39821, title = {Health status of free-living pigeons in the city of Santiago}, journal = {Avian Pathology}, volume = {28}, year = {1999}, month = {1999}, pages = {619 - 623}, abstract = {

A total of 100 free-living urban pigeons (Columba livia) were captured in the city of Santiago, Chile, in order to evaluate, for the first time, their health status. Negligible antibody titres (1 to 3 log(2)) were detected in 22\% of the birds against a strain of the paramyxovirus (PMV) serotype 1. No pigeons had antibodies against PMV serotype 7 and avian influenza. Salmonella sp. belonging to serogroups B and D were isolated from the intestinal tract of three pigeons (3\%). The protozoa Haemoproteus columbae, Plasmodium sp., and Leucocytozoon sp, were not detected in any pigeons. Trichomonas gallinae was detected in 11\%, without observation of either clinical signs or gross pathological changes at necropsy. Sixty-seven percent of the birds showed the presence of the chewing lice Columbicola columbae and Campanulotes bidentatus compar, and 1\% harboured the mite Laminosioptes cysticola, Seven species of nematodes were identified. The frequency at which each species was detected was; Tetrameres sp, (14\%), Capillaria annulata (1\%), Capillaria columbae (11\%), Capillaria obsignata (1\%), Ascaridia columbae (5\%), Dispharynx spiralis (2\%), and Gongylonema ingluvicola (2\%), The class Cestoda, found in one pigeon, was represented by the species Aporina delafondi. No trematodes were detected in the sampled birds.

}, keywords = {doves}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1080/03079459994416}, url = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03079459994416}, author = {Toro,H. and Saucedo,C. and Borie,C. and Gough,R. E. and Alcaino,H.} } @article {39656, title = {Taxonomy of New World Columbicola (Phthiraptera: Philopteridae) from the Columbiformes (Aves), with descriptions of five new species}, journal = {Annals of the Entomological Society of America}, volume = {92}, year = {1999}, month = {1999}, pages = {675 - 685}, abstract = {

Twelve previously described species of Columbicola are recognized and redescribed. The species Columbicola extinctus Malcomson, previously recognized only from the extinct passenger pigeon, Ectopistes migratorius (L.), is \&$\#$39;\&$\#$39;brought back\&$\#$39;\&$\#$39; from extinction by showing it to be conspecific with lice from the extant Land-tailed pigeon, Columba fasciata Say. Five new species are described: drown [type host Metriopelia melanoptera (Molina)], altamimiae [type host Metriopelia aymara (Prevost)], adamsi (type host Columba speciosa Gmelin), waggermani (type host Columbicola squamosa Bonnaterre), and waltheri [type host Geotrygon linearis (Prevost)]. Columbicola triangularis Eichler and Columbicola gymnopeliae Eichler are removed from synonymy and recognized as valid species. Columbicola pseudolipeurusque Eichler is considered a junior synonym of Columbicola passerinae (Wilson) rather than of Columbicola macrourae (Wilson). We remark on informal groupings of the species and provide a key for the identification of the 17 species recognized in this article.

}, keywords = {Columbicola, Columbiformes, Ischnocera, mtax, New World: taxonomy, PHP}, url = {https://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/1229.pdf}, author = {Clayton,Dale H. and Roger D. Price} } @article {39520, title = {The ecto-, gastro-intestinal and haemo-parasites of live pigeons (Columba livia) in Kampala, Uganda}, journal = {Avian Pathology}, volume = {28}, year = {1999}, month = {1999}, pages = {119 - 124}, abstract = {In a study from October, 1996 to March, 1997, 34 pigeons in three different locations were studied for parasites, The majority of birds in Nakulabye appeared clinically sick, while those within Makerere University and Wandegeya were apparently healthy. Biometric data were taken for each bird and, during the process, ectoparasites were collected. Faecal and blood samples were obtained, The study of ectoparasites revealed that Pseudolynchia canariensis (the {\textquoteright}pigeon fly{\textquoteright}) was the most prevalent parasite (100\%), The louse Columbicola columbae was next in prevalence (94.1\%), It is postulated that the pigeon fly transports this parasite. Three lice of economic importance were found: Menopon gallinae, Menacanthus stramineus and Chelopistes meleagridis. Cestodes were the only helminths found, occurring in 23.5\% of the birds, Identification of the cestodes was not possible. Haemoparasites were mainly of two genera, Haemoproteus and Plasmodium. Haemaproteus was the most prevalent (76.5\%), This was possibly due to the high abundance of its vector, P. cannriensis.}, keywords = {bird}, author = {Dranzoa,C. and Ocaido,M. and Katete,P.} }