@article {95927, title = {The Toxicity of Essential Oils From Three Origanum Species Against Head Louse, Pediculus humanus capitis}, journal = {Acta Parasitologica }, volume = {66}, year = {2021}, month = {Mar-26-2021}, pages = {1003-1011}, abstract = {

Purpose: Pediculosis caused by human head louse, Pediculus humanus capitis De Geer (Anoplura: Pediculidae) is a public health problem with a high prevalence, especially among children in school age. Different chemical pediculicides (insecticides) are used against lice but the repeated application of these pediculicides for the treatment of P. humanus capitis infestation in the past decades has resulted in the development of resistance. The plant essential oils have been used as alternative sources of lice treatment agents. Pediculicidal activity of the essential oils of three Origanum species (O. onites, O. majorana and O. minutiflorum) against P. humanus capitis adults was examined in this study

Methods: Essential oils from aerial parts of three Origanum species were obtained by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus. P. humanus capitis specimens used were obtained from infested children by combing method at primary schools. Adult lice were exposed to three dilutions (1\%, 0.5\% and 0.1\% w/v) of tested oils for 5 min using the adult immersion test.

Results: According to the results, all Origanum essential oils at 1\% concentration have been shown to significantly decrease the rate of limb, bowel and abdomen movements, producing more than 90\% mortality after 12 h.

Conclusion: Our results indicated that Origanum essential oils can be used for the development of new pediculicides against head louse.

}, keywords = {Essential oil, Head louse, Origanum, Pediculicidal effect}, issn = {1230-2821, 1896-1851}, doi = {10.1007/s11686-021-00370-y}, url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11686-021-00370-y}, author = {Arserim, S{\"u}ha K. and Huseyin Cetin and Ahmet Yildirim and Limoncu, M. Emin and Ilker Cinbilgel and Tugba Kaya and {\"O}zbel, Yusuf and Balc{\i}o{\u g}lu, I. C{\"u}neyt} } @article {95112, title = {Chewing lice (Phthiraptera) from wild birds in Senegal, with descriptions of three new species of the genera Brueelia and Philopteroides}, journal = {Acta Parasitologica}, volume = {57}, year = {2012}, month = {01-2012}, pages = {90-98}, abstract = {

A total of 170 wild birds from Senegal, belonging to 48 species and 9 orders, were searched for lice in 2005 and 2007. Chewing
lice were found on 58 birds of 18 species and 5 orders (Columbiformes, Cuculiformes, Coraciiformes, Galliformes and
Passeriformes). Twenty-two species of chewing lice of 13 genera were determined. Other nine samples of chewing lice that represent
a new host-parasite association were determined at generic level only, because only one sex or nymph of these lice were
found. Our records represent the first louse records from passerines Camaroptera brachyura (Cisticolidae), Chalcomitra senegalensis
(Nectariniidae), Corvinella corvina (Laniidae), Laniarius barbarus (Malaconotidae), Prinia erythroptera (Cisticolidae)
and Turdus pelios (Turdidae). Descriptions and illustrations are given for Brueelia chalcomitrae Najer et Sychra sp. nov.
ex Chalcomitra senegalensis (Nectariniidae), Brueelia priniae Najer et Sychra sp. nov. ex Prinia subflava (Cisticolidae), and
Philopteroides terpsiphoni Najer et Sychra sp. nov. ex Terpsiphone viridis (Monarchidae).

}, keywords = {Brueelia chalcomitrae Najer et Sychra sp. nov., Brueelia priniae Najer et Sychra sp. nov., Coucal, new host records, new species, Philopteroides, Philopteroides terpsiphoni Najer et Sychra sp. nov., Rallicola centropus, Sunbird}, issn = {1230-2821}, doi = {10.2478/s11686-012-0005-x}, url = {https://www.degruyter.com/doi/10.2478/s11686-012-0005-x}, author = {Tomas Najer and Old{\v r}ich Sychra and Ivan Liter{\'a}k and Petr Prochazka and M. {\v C}apek and Petr Koubek} } @article {94880, title = {Saving the Manx Shearwater Flea Ceratophyllus (Emmareus) fionnus (Insecta: Siphonaptera): The Road to Developing a Recovery Plan for a Threatened Ectoparasite}, journal = {Acta Parasitologica}, volume = {64}, year = {2019}, month = {11-2020}, pages = {903-017}, abstract = {

Purpose The Manx shearwater fea Ceratophyllus (Emmareus) fonnus Usher, 1968 is a host-specifc parasitic insect apparently restricted to the Isle of R\ùm, of the west coast of Scotland. Although C. (E.) fonnus is one of only a small number of insect species endemic to the British Isles, its conservation status has never been evaluated. To enable efective management, the conservation status of the species was assessed.
Methods The conservation status of C. (E.) fonnus was evaluated using host and distribution records in conjunction with two assessment rubrics; the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, and a fea-specifc assessment rubric developed previously.
Results Ceratophyllus (Emmareus) fonnus was found to be threatened with extinction due to its hyperendemicity on the Isle of R\ùm and was classifed as vulnerable.
Conclusion Based on the fndings of the assessment, immediate conservation action to protect C. (E.) fonnus is encouraged and a recovery plan is outlined. This includes surveys and studies of the bionomics of the species in conjunction with in-situ management of the known population. The creation of insurance populations through conservation translocations is also encouraged.

}, keywords = {Co-threatened, flea, Isle of R{\`u}m, lice, Manx shearwater, parasite conservation}, issn = {1230-2821}, doi = {10.2478/s11686-019-00119-8}, url = {http://link.springer.com/10.2478/s11686-019-00119-8}, author = {Mackenzie Kwak and A. C. G. Heath and Ricardo L. Palma} } @article {94584, title = {New Genus and Two New Species of Chewing Lice from Southeast Asian Trogons (Aves: Trogoniformes), with a Revised Key to the Philopterus-complex}, journal = {Acta Parasitologica}, volume = {64}, year = {2019}, month = {12-03-2019}, pages = {86 - 102}, abstract = {

Purpose To describe a new genus and two new species of chewing lice from Southeast Asian trogons (Trogoniformes). These lice belong in the Philopterus-complex.
Methods Slide-mounted lice were examined in a light microscope, illustrated by means of a drawing tube, and described using standard procedures.
Results The new genus and species were successfully described.
Conclusions The genus Vinceopterus n. gen. is described from two species of Southeast Asian trogons (Trogoniformes: Harpactes). It presently comprises two species: Vinceopterus erythrocephali n. sp. from three subspecies of the Red-headed Trogon Harpactes erythrocephalus (Gould, 1834), and Vinceopterus mindanensis n. sp. from two subspecies of the Philippine Trogon Harpactes ardens (Temminck, 1826). Vinceopterus belongs to the Philopterus-complex, and thus likely constitutes a genus of head lice. Vinceopterus is the second new genus of chewing lice discovered on Southeast Asian trogons in recent years, the first genus of presumed head lice on trogons worldwide, and the fifth genus of chewing lice known from trogons globally. A translated and revised key to the Philopterus-complex is provided, as well as notes on the various chewing lice genera known from trogons.

}, keywords = {new genus, new species, Philopterus-complex}, issn = {1230-2821}, doi = {10.2478/s11686-018-00011-x}, url = {http://link.springer.com/10.2478/s11686-018-00011-x}, author = {Daniel R Gustafsson and Lujia Lei and Xingzhi Chu and Fasheng Zou and Sarah E. Bush} } @article {94428, title = {Ten new species of Brueelia K{\'e}ler, 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from nuthatches (Aves: Passeriformes: Sittidae), tits and chickadees (Paridae), and goldcrests (Regulidae)}, journal = {Acta Parasitologica}, volume = {63}, year = {2018}, month = {04-07-2018}, pages = {527 - 557}, abstract = {

Ten new species of chewing lice in the genus Brueelia K\éler, 1936, are described from hosts in the families Paridae, Reguli- dae, and Sittidae. They are: Brueelia johnsoni n. sp. from Poecile sclateri eidos (Peters, 1927); Brueelia juniperi n. sp. from Baeolophus ridgwayi ridgwayi (Richmond, 1902); Brueelia kabulica n. sp. from Sitta tephronota tephronota Sharpe, 1872; Brueelia mpumalangensis n. sp. from Melaniparus niger niger (Vieillot, 1818); Brueelia nazae n. sp. from Parus cinereus caschmirensis Hartert, 1905; Brueelia oxyrhyncha n. sp. from Sitta nagaensis nagaensis Godwin-Austen, 1874; Brueelia picea n. sp. from Parus major excelsus Buvry, 1857; Brueelia ragusica n. sp. from Sitta neumayer neumayer Michahelles, 1830; Brueelia regulicida n. sp. from Regulus calendula grinnelli Palmer, 1897; Brueelia sittacola n. sp. from Sitta carolinensis car- olinensis Latham, 1790. Brueelia regulicida is the first Brueelia-complex louse to be described from the host family Reguli- dae. Collectively, the Brueelia of parid, regulid, and sittid hosts show two peculiar patterns. Firstly, lice on closely related hosts appear to be distantly related. Secondly, lice on most hosts in these families appear to be more closely related to lice on other host families than to each other. This contradicts the traditional view that Brueelia-complex lice on closely related hosts are them- selves closely related. Potentially, the tendency of the hosts to participate in mixed-species feeding flocks may explain some of these patterns.

}, keywords = {Brueelia-complex, new species, Regulidae}, issn = {1230-2821}, doi = {10.1515/ap-2018-0063}, url = {http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/ap.2018.63.issue-3/ap-2018-0063/ap-2018-0063.xml}, author = {Daniel R Gustafsson and Xingzhi Chu and Sarah E. Bush and Fasheng Zou} } @article {68849, title = {Parasitism underground: lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) from Ctenomys talarum (Rodentia: Ctenomyidae) along its coastal distribution in Argentina}, journal = {Acta Parasitologica}, volume = {60}, year = {2015}, pages = {154{\textendash}157}, abstract = {

Species of South American subterranean rodents belonging to the genus Ctenomys (commonly called tuco-tucos) are widely distributed across the southern Neotropical region. Despite their relatively well-studied biology and reproductive physiology, current knowledge of their ectoparasite fauna is limited to a few ambiguous studies, based on scattered samples from a small number of host individuals. Ctenomys talarum is the most widely distributed species in the genus. Lice (Phthiraptera) were collected from these tuco-tucos throughout their entire coastal range. Two species, one chewing louse (Gyropus parvus), and one sucking louse (Eulinognathus americanus) were collected. The distribution ranges for both louse species were extended with new locality records. No lice were found in two host populations. Furthermore, co-occurrence of both ectoparasites was not detected.

}, issn = {1230-2821}, doi = {10.1515/ap-2015-0021}, url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1515/ap-2015-0021}, author = {N. S. Martino and Mariano Damian Romero and Malizia, A.I.} } @article {48419, title = {Chewing lice from wild passerines (Aves, Passeriformes) from Vietnam, with description of a new speciesof the genus Brueelia (Phthiraptera, Ischnocera, Philopteridae)}, journal = {Acta Parasitologica}, volume = {54}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, pages = {154 - 157}, abstract = {

Seven species of chewing lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) were found on six species of passerine birds (Passeriformes) in northern Vietnam. A description and illustrations of Brueelia alophoixi sp. nov. ex Alophoixus pallidus (Pycnonotidae) are given. New host records are: Abroscopus superciliaris (Sylviidae) for Myrsidea sp.; and Orthotomus sutorius (Sylviidae) and Lonchura striata (Estrildidae) for Brueelia spp.

}, url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/47565.pdf}, author = {Old{\v r}ich Sychra and Ivan Liter{\'a}k and Hung,Nguyen Manh and Petr Podzemn{\'y}} } @article {48300, title = {The identity of Menacanthus eisenachensis Bal{\'a}t (Insecta, Phthiraptera, Amblycera, Menoponidae) from the Reed Warbler (Passeriformes, Sylviidae)}, journal = {Acta Parasitologica}, volume = {53}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, pages = {404 - 406}, abstract = {

Three hundred and thirty-one Reed Warblers Acrocephalus scirpaceus (Hermann) were examined for chewing lice(Phthiraptera). Twenty-eight (8.5\%) were parasitized with Menacanthus curuccae (Schrank, 1776). Mean intensity of infestation was 4.3 lice. Hence, the name Menacanthus eisenachensis Bal\át, 1981, currently applied to Menacanthus lice parasitizing Reed Warblers, is placed as a junior synonym of M. curuccae, with Reed Warbler as a new host for the latter species.

}, url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/47443.pdf}, author = {Old{\v r}ich Sychra and Jensen,Jens-Kjeld and Brooke,Michael de L. and Trnka,Alfr{\'e}d and Petr Prochazka and Ivan Liter{\'a}k} } @article {47691, title = {Diving behavior reduces genera richness of lice (Insecta, Phthiraptera) of mammals}, journal = {Acta Parasitologica}, year = {2007}, month = {2007}, pages = {82 - 85}, abstract = {

Lice of mammals spend the entire life cycle in the host hair, thus, the microclimate found near the mammal skin is likely to influence the structure of louse communities. Here we use a comparative approach to examine the effect of mammals\’ diving behavior on the taxonomic richness of their lice. We compared the mean genera richness of lice, and \– as potential confounding variables \– the mean species richness of host, and the mean body mass of host between diving clades and their non-diving sister clades. Louse genera richness was significantly lower in clades of aquatic mammals than on their non-diving sister clades. Host species richness was not significantly different between these clades. Body mass was significantly higher in clades of aquatic mammals, however, the direction of this difference cannot explain the difference in parasite taxonomic richness. This study suggests that mammals\’ diving behavior can effectively shape their ectoparasite communities.

}, keywords = {diving behavior, genera richness, lice, mammals}, url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/47691.pdf}, author = {Fels{\'o},Bernadett and Lajos R{\'o}zsa} } @article {39774, title = {Synonymical notes to the Menacanthus species (Phthiraptera, Menoponidae) living on Passeriformes (Aves)}, journal = {Acta Parasitologica}, volume = {45}, year = {2000}, month = {2000}, pages = {57 - 58}, abstract = {

Two new synonyms of Menacanthus eurysternus have been suggested. M. brelihi described originally from Panurus biarmicus (L.) and M. remizae from Remit pendulinus pendulinus (L.).

}, keywords = {Menacanthus, mtax, new, Passeriformes, PHP, Phthiraptera, synonyms}, url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/37949.pdf}, author = {Kri{\v s}tof{\'\i}k,J{\'a}n} }