@article {45909, title = {Natural infestation of the chewing lice (Werneckiella equi) on horses and treatment with imidacloprid and phoxim}, journal = {Parasitology research}, volume = {94}, year = {2004}, month = {2004}, pages = {367 - 370}, abstract = {

Infestation with the chewing louse (Werneckiella (Damalinia) equi) can be found on horses world-wide. Louse infestations, including clinical signs of louse-derived dermatitis, are known from Icelandic horses. A clinical field investigation was conducted in Iceland using horses with natural louse infestations to evaluate the efficacy of imidacloprid in a 10\% solution in comparison with phoxim in a 0.05\% solution. A total of 27 horses received a single imidacloprid treatment using 16 ml of the 10\% solution along the mane and on the dorso-lateral trunk. A further 43 horses were treated twice, 14 days apart, with phoxim, using 2 x 50 ml solution applied along the mane and the dorso-lateral trunk. At the final evaluation on day 28, complete control of the lice was obtained for the imidacloprid treated horses and only a single moribund louse was found on two horses treated with phoxim.

}, keywords = {animals, Horse Diseases, horses, insecticide, Lice Infestations/drug therapy/parasitology, Lice/drug effects, organophosphate, Treatment Outcome}, isbn = {0932-0113}, url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00436-004-1227-0}, author = {Mencke,N. and Larsen,Kim S. and Eydal,M. and Sigurdsson,H.} } @article {45875, title = {Dermatological and parasitological evaluation of infestations with chewing lice (Werneckiella equi) on horses and treatment using imidacloprid}, journal = {Parasitology research}, volume = {97}, year = {2005}, month = {2005}, pages = {7 - 12}, abstract = {

Lice infestations in horses caused by the chewing louse Werneckiella (Damalinia) equi are observed worldwide. In the present study, the efficacy of 10\% imidacloprid was tested on horses naturally infested with lice. Two groups of animals received a double application of 4 ml and 8 ml Advantage 10\% spot-on on day 0 and 28 either. Horses, presenting dermatological signs with negative lice counts, were also included in this investigation. 40.86\% of the horses presented positive lice counts and 84.21\% of these animals showed clinical dermatologic signs. 65.45\% of the lice-negative horses also showed clinical manifestations. Two days after treatment, lice counts dropped in both the treatment groups and on day 56, all animals were free of alive lice, and dermatological lesions decreased significantly (P0.050) between lice burden and clinical signs was detected.

}, isbn = {0932-0113}, url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007\%2Fs00436-005-1379-6}, author = {Mencke,N. and Larsen,Kim S. and Eydal,M. and Sigurethsson,H.} } @article {45876, title = {Infestation of Werneckiella equi on Icelandic horses, characteristics of predilection sites and lice dermatitis}, journal = {Parasitology research}, volume = {96}, year = {2005}, month = {2005}, pages = {398 - 401}, abstract = {

Lice infestations on horses caused by the lice Werneckiella (Damalinia) equi and Haematopinus equi are observed worldwide. In this study, the distribution and clinical manifestations of lice on Icelandic horses were examined. Thirty-eight out of 93 animals (40.86\%) were identified as infested with W. equi. Sixty-eight animals (73.12\%) presented dermatological lesions associated with lice infestation, while only 32 of these animals presented lice. Six animals had no clinical signs although of being lice-positive, and 19 animals (20.43\%) showed neither lice nor clinical manifestations. Lice burdens varied from animal to animal, and clinical manifestations occurred at all levels of infestation. Focal alopecia was the main clinical sign (83.78\%) on lice-positive horses, while scaling and crusts occurred in 10.81\% and 9.68\% of the cases, respectively. Clinical signs present in the head and the neck/mane area were found to be an indication of lice infestation in horses.

}, keywords = {animals, Anoplura, dermatitis, Horse Diseases, horses, Iceland, Lice Infestations/epidemiology/pathology/veterinary, Mallophaga, Parasitic disease}, url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00436-005-1380-0}, author = {Larsen,Kim S. and Eydal,M. and Mencke,N. and Sigurdsson,H.} }