@inbook {96360, title = {Cutaneous Diseases Caused by Arthropods and Other Noxious Animals}, booktitle = {Atlas of Dermatology, Dermatopathology and Venereology}, year = {2020}, pages = {251-265}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, organization = {Springer International Publishing}, abstract = {

This chapter discusses the cutaneous manifestations caused by arthropods which includes insects, ticks, mites, spiders, and scorpions. Infestations by arthropods as well as their developing stages lead to various cutaneous and sometimes systemic symptoms These cutaneous manifestations are varied and nonspecific. It may cause lesions like petechiae, purpura, ulcer, nodule, and atrophic, and hyper-pigmented lesions. Most lesions develop because of immune reactions to the potential allergen

}, keywords = {Ant, arthropod, Bed bug, Bee, Beetle, body louse, Bug, cimex lectularius, Clothing louse, Coleopteran, Crab Louse, Cutaneous disease, Demodex, Diptera, flea, Head louse, Hemipteran, Hymenoptera, louse, myiasis, Norwegian scabies, Noxious anima, Pediculus capitis, pediculus corporis, Phthiriasis pubis, Pubic louse, Sarcoptes scabiei, Scabies, Scorpion, Siphonaptera, Tick, Wasp}, isbn = {9783319451343, 9783319451343}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-45134-3_77-1}, url = {https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-319-53805-1_77}, author = {Sumit Kar and Nidhi Yadav and Pooja Bonde and Varsha Verma} } @inbook {96149, title = {Lice}, booktitle = {Atlas of Adolescent Dermatology.}, year = {2020}, pages = {29-31}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, organization = {Springer International Publishing}, chapter = {8}, address = {Cham.}, abstract = {

Lice infestation in children and adolescents is mainly caused by the head louse (Pediculus humanus capitis). The pubic or crab louse (Phthirus pubis) is transmitted by sexual contact or by co-sleeping. Infestation with the clothing louse (P. humanus humanus) occurs in homeless populations

}, keywords = {head lice, Ivermectin, Nits, Permethrin, pubic lice}, isbn = {9783030586331, 9783030586348}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-58634-8_7}, url = {https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-58634-8_7}, author = {Julie Prendiville} } @inbook {95154, title = {Infections and Infestations}, booktitle = {Hair and Scalps Treatments}, year = {2020}, pages = {197-216}, chapter = {10.1007/978-3-030-21555-2_14}, abstract = {

Infections and infestations of the hair are mainly caused by bacteria, fungi, and ectoparasites. Dermoscopy and optical microscopy are very useful tools to confirm the diagnosis and follow-up; other diagnostic tests can be used, including KOH, Gram stain procedure, or cultures. Topical pediculicides are the first-line treatment in pediculosis, but resistance to these drugs is common. Manual removal of lice and occlusive agents are other alternative options; oral therapy is occasionally required in refractory cases. Oral antifungals are the first-line therapy in tinea capitis; treatment election depends on the clinical form, age, and etiological agent. Griseofulvin, terbinafine, and itraconazole are the three main drugs used. Piedra and trichomycosis are hair shaft infections, in which oral and topical treatments have a low therapeutic response; complete resolution can be achieved by general hygiene measures such as shaving off all the affected hairs

}, keywords = {Antibacterial agents, Antifungals, Hair infections, Hair shaving, Ivermectin, Pediculicides, Pediculosis, Piedra, Tinea capitis, Treatment, Trichomycosis, Trichoscopy}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-21555-2_14}, url = {https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-21555-2_14}, author = {Daniel Asz-Sigall and Maria Abril Martinez-Velasco and Roberto Arenas}, editor = {Antonella Tosti and Daniel Asz-Sigall and Rodrigo Pirmez} }