@article {94349,
	title = {Prevalence of ectoparasites in free-range backyard chickens, domestic pigeons (<i>Columba livia domestica</i>) and turkeys of Kermanshah province, west of Iran},
	journal = {Journal of Parasitic Diseases},
	volume = {40},
	year = {2016},
	month = {Jan-06-2016},
	pages = {448 - 453},
	abstract = {<p>his study was carried out on free-range backyard chickens, domestic pigeons (Columba livia domestica) and turkeys from May 2012 to April 2013 to determine the prevalence and identify the species of ecto- parasites in Kermanshah province, west of Iran. Of the total of 600 free-range backyard chickens (185 $\#$ and 415 $), 700 domestic pigeons (278 $\#$ and 422 $) and 150 turkeys (53 $\#$ and 97 $), 389 (64.83 \%), 608 (86.85 \%) and 54 (36 \%) were infected with one or more parasites respec- tively. Eleven ectoparasites species including five of lice (50.16 \% Menacanthus stramineus, 13.66 \% Menopon gallinae, 4.83 \% Cuclotogaster heterographus, 5.16 \% Goniocotes gallinae, 2.33 \% Goniodes gigas), three of mites (26.33 \% Dermanyssus gallinae, 8.5 \% Ornithonys- sus bursa, 7 \% Cnemidocoptes mutans), one of tick (78.66 \% Argas persicus) and two of flea (12.33 \% Echidnophaga gallinacea, 2 \% Pulex irritans) were found in the backyard chickens. The domestic pigeons were infected with six species of parasites including: Columbi- cola columbae (61.7 \%), M. gallinae (10.43 \%), M. stramineus (9 \%), D. gallinae (8.28 \%), Argas reflexus (74.14 \%) and Pseudolynchia canariensis (27.7 \%). The ectoparasites species recorded in turkeys were M. gallinae (14 \%), M. stramineus (8 \%), D. gallinae (12.66 \%), C. mutans (6 \%), A. persicus (24.66 \%) and E. gallinacean (6 \%). This is the first survey to determine the prevalence and identify the species of ectoparasites among free-range backyard chicken, domestic pigeons and turkeys in Ker- manshah province. The high prevalence rate of ectopara- sites in free-range backyard chickens and domestic pigeons indicates that parasitic infection is a common problem in this area.</p>
},
	keywords = {? Chickens, ? Ectoparasites, ? Turkeys, Domestic pigeons, Kermanshah, lice, Prevalence},
	issn = {0971-7196},
	doi = {10.1007/s12639-014-0524-5},
	url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12639-014-0524-5},
	author = {Farid Rezaei and Mohammad Hashemnia and Abdolali Chalechale and Shahin Seidi and Maryam Gholizadeh}
}
