@article {39397,
	title = {Pocket gophers and chewing lice: a test of the maternal transmission hypothesis},
	journal = {Molecular Ecology},
	volume = {7},
	year = {1998},
	month = {1998},
	pages = {1065 - 1069},
	abstract = {<p>The life-history traits of pocket gophers and their chewing lice suggest that there is little opportunity for transmission of parasites among pocket gophers, with the exception of transmission from mother to offspring. Herein, we test the hypothesis that lice are transmitted maternally by using an indirect approach that compares the distribution of louse populations to the distribution of mitochondrial DNA haplotypes in the pocket gophers. Comparison of the chewing louse distributions to the distribution of mtDNA haplotypes for the gophers revealed no significant concordance, and thus falsifies the maternal transmission hypothesis.</p>
},
	keywords = {coevolution, colonization, geomydoecus, Geomyidae, host, Mallophaga, mitochondrial dna, mtDNA, parasite, populations, RFLP, thomomys bottae, trichodectidae},
	url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/0842.pdf},
	author = {James W. Demastes and Mark S. Hafner and David J. Hafner and Theresa A. Spradling}
}
@article {38719,
	title = {Disparate rates of molecular evolution in cospeciating hosts and parasites},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {265},
	year = {1994},
	month = {1994},
	pages = {1087 - 1090},
	abstract = {<p>DNA sequences for the gene encoding mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I in a group of rodents (pocket gophers) and their ectoparasites provide evidence for cospeciation and reveal different rates of molecular evolution in the hosts and their parasites. The overall rate of nucleotide substitution (both silent and replacement changes) is approximately three times higher in lice, and the rate of synonymous substitution (based on analysis of fourfold degenerate sites) is approximately an order of magnitude greater in lice. The difference in synonymous substitution rate between lice and gophers correlates with a difference in similar magnitude in generation times.</p>
},
	keywords = {base, differentiation, genetic, genome, geomydoecus, Geomyidae, gopher, Mallophaga, mitochondrial dna, Phylogeny, pocket, rodentia, substitutions, trees, trichodectidae},
	url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/0004.pdf},
	author = {Mark S. Hafner and Sudman,Philip D. and Villablanca,Francis X. and Theresa A. Spradling and James W. Demastes and Nadler,Steven A.}
}
