@article {96416, title = {Lightella neohaematopini: A new lineage of highly reduced endosymbionts coevolving with chipmunk lice of the genus Neohaematopinus}, journal = {Frontiers in Microbiology}, volume = {13}, year = {2022}, month = {Aug-01-2022}, pages = {16 pp}, type = {Part of a research topic}, abstract = {

Sucking lice (Anoplura) are known to have established symbiotic associations multiple times with different groups of bacteria as diverse as Enterobacteriales, Legionellales, and Neisseriales. This diversity, together with absence of a common coevolving symbiont (such as Buchnera, in aphids), indicates that sucking lice underwent a series of symbiont acquisitions, losses, and replacements. To better understand evolution and significance of louse symbionts, genomic and phylogenetic data are needed from a broader taxonomic diversity of lice and their symbiotic bacteria. In this study, we extend the known spectrum of the louse symbionts with a new lineage associated with Neohaematopinus pacificus, a louse species that commonly parasitizes North American chipmunks. The recent coevolutionary analysis showed that rather than a single species, these lice form a cluster of unique phylogenetic lineages specific to separate chipmunk species (or group of closely related species). Using metagenomic assemblies, we show that the lice harbor a bacterium which mirrors their phylogeny and displays traits typical for obligate mutualists. Phylogenetic analyses place this bacterium within Enterobacteriaceae on a long branch related to another louse symbiont, \“Candidatus Puchtella pedicinophila.\” We propose for this symbiotic lineage the name \“Candidatus Lightella neohaematopini.\” Based on the reconstruction of metabolic pathways, we suggest that like other louse symbionts, L. neohaematopini provides its host with at least some B vitamins. In addition, several samples harbored another symbiotic bacterium phylogenetically affiliated with the Neisseriales-related symbionts described previously from the lice Polyplax serrata and Hoplopleura acanthopus. Characterizing these bacteria further extend the known diversity of the symbiotic associations in lice and show unique complexity and dynamics of the system.

}, keywords = {coevolution, genome evolution, insect symbionts, lice, symbiosis}, issn = {1664-302X}, doi = {10.3389/fmicb.2022.900312}, url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.900312/full}, author = {Jana {\v R}{\'\i}hov{\'a} and Kayce C. Bell and Eva Nov{\'a}kov{\'a} and V{\'a}clav Hyp{\v s}a} } @article {95909, title = {Evidencia parasitol{\'o}gica sobre la fdogenia de los hom{\'\i}nidos y los c{\'e}bidos}, journal = {Revista de Biolog{\'\i}a Tropical}, volume = {44}, year = {1996}, pages = {391-394}, abstract = {

Una revisi\ón sistem\ática de los ectopar\ásitos piojos de los hominoideos y los ceboideos apoya a la hip\ótesis filogen\ética \"Troglodita\" de los primates, seg\ún la cual Horno es el grupo hermano de Pan y Gorilla el grupo hermano de ambos. El an\álisis filog\énetico de la matriz obtenida con los piojos de los primates muestra un C.I. = 0.71, para la hip\ótesis troglodita, incluyendo en el an\álisis a los ceboideos.

A systematic revision of the ectoparasites (lice) of the hominoids and ceboids supports the Trogloditian hypothesis, according to which .the genus Homo is the sister group of Pan, and the genus Gorilla the sister group of both. The phylogenetic analysis of this matrix derived from the study of primate lice shows an C.I. of 0 .71 for the Trogloditian hypothesis including the ceboids in the analisis

https://tropicalstudies.org/rbt/attachments/volumes/vol44-2A/07_Retana_Filogenia.pdf

}, keywords = {cladism, coevolution, lice, parasites, systematics}, url = {http://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/rbt/article/view/21624}, author = {Retana-Salazar,Axel P.} } @article {95167, title = {Prevalence of parasites in working pig-tailed Macaques (Macaca nemestrina in Kelantan, Malaysia}, journal = {Journal of Medical Primatology}, volume = {48}, year = {2019}, month = {08-2019}, pages = {207 - 210}, abstract = {

Background: Coconut is an important commodity in Kelantan, and pig-tailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina) have been traditionally used for coconut-plucking for over a century. Most of these animals were sourced from the wild population, and the parasitic status of these macaques is unknown, plus the impacts caused by these parasites are usually underestimated by the owners.
Methods: A total of 30 macaques were sampled for blood, faeces and hair plucks to detect parasite.

Results: Out of 21 faecal samples examined, 11 (52\%) were determined positive for one or more gastrointestinal parasites, namely Trichostrongylus spp., Strongyloides spp., Anatrichosoma spp., Capillaria spp., Trichuris spp. and Paramphisotomum spp. Filaria was detected in one (3\%) of the blood samples. For ectoparasites, only lice, Pedicinus sp., were found in 9 (30\%) macaques.
Conclusions: It is imperative that the parasitic status of these animals be determined so that necessary actions and preventive measures can be implemented to prevent zoonotic transmissions.

}, keywords = {captive primates, filaria, Helminths, lice, zoonotic}, issn = {0047-2565}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1111/jmp.12416}, url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jmp.12416}, author = {Siew-Shean Choong and Mimi_Armiladiana bt. Mohamad and Ruhil Hayati Hamdan and Li-Peng Tan} } @article {61237, title = {The Pedicinus species (Insecta, Phthiraptera, Anoplura, Pedicinidae) on douc langurs (Pygathrix spp.)}, journal = {Vietnamese Journal of Primatology}, volume = {4}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, pages = {57-68}, keywords = {lice, new species, Vietnam}, url = {https://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/61237.pdf}, author = {Eberhard Mey} } @article {40473, title = {Blood-sucking lice may disseminate Trypanosoma cruzi infection in baboons}, journal = {Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S{\~a}o Paulo}, volume = {43}, year = {2001}, month = {2001}, pages = {271 - 276}, abstract = {

Trypanosoma cruzi (Schyzotrypanum, Chagas, 1909), and Chagas disease are endemic in captive-reared baboons at the Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, San Antonio, Texas. We obtained PCR amplification products from DNA extracted from sucking lice collected from the hair and skin of T. cruzi-infected baboons, with specific nested sets of primers for the protozoan kinetoplast DNA, and nuclear DNA. These products were hybridized to their complementary internal sequences. Selected sequences were cloned and sequencing established the presence of T. cruzi nuclear DNA, and minicircle kDNA. Competitive PCR with a kDNA set of primers determined the quantity of approximately 23.9 \± 18.2 T. cruzi per louse. This finding suggests that the louse may be a vector incidentally contributing to the dissemination of T. cruzi infection in the baboon colony.

}, keywords = {Baboons, Hamadryas, infections, lice, Papio, Pedicinus, Trypanosoma}, url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/3260.pdf}, author = {Arga{\~n}araz,Enrique R. and Hubbard,Gene B. and Ramos,Larissa A. and Ford,Allen L. and Nitz,Nadjar and Leland,Mechelle M. and Vandeberg,John L. and Teixeira,Antonio R. L.} } @article {40139, title = {Elimination of external parasites (Lice) is the primary function of grooming in free-ranging Japanese macaques}, journal = {Anthropological Science}, volume = {101}, year = {1993}, month = {1993}, pages = {187 - 193}, abstract = {Grooming behavior was studied from September 1990 to May 1992 in the provisioned troop of free-ranging Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) at Jigokudani Monkey Park, Japan. By confiscating what macaques picked up during grooming, we found that macaques pick up lice (Pedicinus obtusus and Pedicinus eurygaster) and the eggs of lice and eat them. Slow motion video replays were used to discriminate the prey of grooming. Most (98.9\%) of what Japanese macaques picked up and ate during grooming were the eggs of lice. Hence, allo-grooming has an altruistic function to eliminate the external parasites on others. In particular, grooming of infants by mothers appears to be important maternal care. On the other hand, in Japanese macaques, grooming is also insect-feeding behavior, and such selfish benefit may favor grooming under individual natural selection.}, keywords = {grooming, Japan, lice, Macaca}, author = {Tanaka,I. and Takefushi,H.} }