@article {94947,
	title = {Parasites prevalence in poultry: focusing on free range turkeys (<i>Meleagris gallopav</i>)},
	journal = {Malaysian Journal of Veterinary Research},
	volume = {8},
	year = {2017},
	pages = {1 - 9},
	abstract = {<p>In\&nbsp; most\&nbsp; countries,\&nbsp; poultry\&nbsp; are\&nbsp; reared\&nbsp; by\&nbsp; traditional\&nbsp; farmers\&nbsp; due\&nbsp; to\&nbsp; the\&nbsp; relative\&nbsp; minimum\&nbsp; capital\&nbsp; needed\&nbsp; to\&nbsp; start\&nbsp; off,\&nbsp; availability\&nbsp; of\&nbsp; feed\&nbsp; and\&nbsp; the\&nbsp; fast\&nbsp; period\&nbsp; of\&nbsp; the\&nbsp; birds\&nbsp; to\&nbsp; grow.\&nbsp; This\&nbsp; research\&nbsp; was\&nbsp; conducted\&nbsp; on\&nbsp; turkeys\&nbsp; which\&nbsp; aims\&nbsp; to\&nbsp; study\&nbsp; the\&nbsp; abundance\&nbsp; and\&nbsp; prevalence\&nbsp; of\&nbsp; ectoparasites\&nbsp; from\&nbsp; three\&nbsp; localities\&nbsp; around\&nbsp; Kedah,\&nbsp; Malaysia.\&nbsp; A\&nbsp; total of 20 turkeys (eight males and twelve females) were examined for ectoparasites infestation\&nbsp; and\&nbsp; endoparasites\&nbsp; infection.\&nbsp; Six species of ectoparasites: five lice and a\&nbsp; mite\&nbsp; have\&nbsp; been\&nbsp; discovered.\&nbsp; The\&nbsp; most\&nbsp; prevalent\&nbsp; ectoparasite\&nbsp; was\&nbsp; Menopon gallinae\&nbsp; with\&nbsp; occurrence\&nbsp; of\&nbsp; 45\%.\&nbsp; Other\&nbsp; external\&nbsp; parasites\&nbsp; recorded\&nbsp; include\&nbsp; Lipeurus caponis and Megninia cubitaliswith\&nbsp; occurrence\&nbsp; of\&nbsp; 40\%,\&nbsp; Menacanthus pallidulus\&nbsp; (35\%),\&nbsp; Goniocotes\&nbsp; gallinae(30\%) and Chelopistes meleagridis (20\%). There was a significant difference between the\&nbsp; ectoparasite\&nbsp; abundance\&nbsp; in\&nbsp; Jabatan\&nbsp; Perkhidmatan\&nbsp; Veterinar\&nbsp; and\&nbsp; Alor\&nbsp; Belat\&nbsp; Barat\&nbsp; [ANOVA,\&nbsp; F(2,17)=6.33,\&nbsp; p=0.009]. These\&nbsp; lice\&nbsp; commonly\&nbsp; found\&nbsp; in\&nbsp; the\&nbsp; fluff\&nbsp; of\&nbsp; the\&nbsp; feathers,\&nbsp; especially\&nbsp; at\&nbsp; the\&nbsp; neck,\&nbsp; abdomen, and wings. Lipeurus caponis was found to have the highest infestation in all male and female turkeys and Menacanthus pallidulus was noted as the less common ectoparasite\&nbsp; infesting\&nbsp; both\&nbsp; the\&nbsp; male\&nbsp; and\&nbsp; female turkeys. Endoparasite infection was recorded in two species of parasite eggs of nematodes and protozoa. Oocyst of Eimeriaspp. recorded the highest faecal egg count with\&nbsp; 7300\&nbsp; epg\&nbsp; compared\&nbsp; to\&nbsp; Capillariaspp. with only 1200 epg. Scavenging and pecking behaviour of turkeys in barn area with unsuitable farm housing environment were the major contributing factors to the infestation\&nbsp; of\&nbsp; ectoparasites\&nbsp; as\&nbsp; well\&nbsp; as\&nbsp; endoparasites infection</p>
},
	keywords = {ectoparasites, Endoparasites, northern peninsular Malaysia., turkeys},
	url = {http://www.dvs.gov.my/dvs/resources/user_15/MJVR\%20Volume\%208\%20No.1\%202017/MJVR-V8N1-p1-9.pdf},
	author = {Z. Mohammad_Zarith and A.H. Suhaila and Nik_Ahmad_Irwan_Izzauddin Nik_Him and S. Khadijah}
}
