@article {48072,
	title = {Risk of ectoparasitism and genetic diversity in a wild lesser kestrel population},
	journal = {Molecular Ecology},
	volume = {16},
	year = {2007},
	month = {2007},
	pages = {3712 - 3720},
	abstract = {Parasites and infectious diseases are major determinants of population dynamics and adaptive processes, imposing fitness costs to their hosts and promoting genetic variation in natural populations. In the present study, we evaluate the role of individual genetic diversity on risk of parasitism by feather lice Degeeriella rufa in a wild lesser kestrel population (Falco naumanni). Genetic diversity at 11 microsatellite loci was associated with risk of parasitism by feather lice, with more heterozygous individuals being less likely to be parasitized, and this effect was statistically independent of other nongenetic parameters (colony size, sex, location, and year) which were also associated with lice prevalence. This relationship was nonlinear, with low and consistent prevalences among individuals showing high levels of genetic diversity that increased markedly at low levels of individual heterozygosity. This result appeared to reflect a genome-wide effect, with no single locus contributing disproportionably to the observed effect. Thus, overall genetic variation, rather than linkage of markers to genes experiencing single-locus heterosis, seems to be the underlying mechanism determining the association between risk of parasitism and individual genetic diversity in the study host{\textendash}parasite system. However, feather lice burden was not affected by individual heterozygosity; what suggest that differences in susceptibility, rather than variation in defences once the parasite has been established, may shape the observed pattern. Overall, our results highlight the role of individual genetic diversity on risk of parasitism in wild populations, what has both important evolutionary implications and major consequences for conservation research on the light of emerging infectious diseases that may endanger genetically depauperated populations.},
	author = {Ortego,Joaqu{\'\i}n and Aparicio,Jose Miguel and Calabuig,Gustau and Cordero,Pedro J.}
}
@article {48000,
	title = {Co-phylogeography and comparative population genetics of the threatened Gal{\'a}pagos hawk and three ectoparasite species: ecology shapes population histories within parasite communities},
	journal = {Molecular Ecology},
	volume = {22},
	year = {2007},
	month = {2007},
	pages = {4759 - 4773},
	abstract = {<p>Comparative microevolutionary studies of multiple parasites occurring on a single host species can help shed light on the processes underlying parasite diversification. We compared the phylogeographical histories, population genetic structures and population divergence times of three co-distributed and phylogenetically independent ectoparasitic insect species, including an amblyceran and an ischnoceran louse (Insecta: Phthiraptera), a hippoboscid fly (Insecta: Diptera) and their endemic avian host in the Gal\&aacute;pagos Islands. The Gal\&aacute;pagos hawk (Aves: Falconiformes: Buteo galapagoensis) is a recently arrived endemic lineage in the Gal\&aacute;pagos Islands and its island populations are diverging evolutionarily. Each parasite species differed in relative dispersal ability and distribution within the host populations, which allowed us to make predictions about their degree of population genetic structure and whether they tracked host gene flow and colonization history among islands. To control for DNA region in comparisons across these phylogenetically distant taxa, we sequenced ~1 kb of homologous mitochondrial DNA from samples collected from all island populations of the host. Remarkably, the host was invariant across mitochondrial regions that were comparatively variable in each of the parasite species, to degrees consistent with differences in their natural histories. Differences in these natural history traits were predictably correlated with the evolutionary trajectories of each parasite species, including rates of interisland gene flow and tracking of hosts by parasites. Congruence between the population structures of the ischnoceran louse and the host suggests that the ischnoceran may yield insight into the cryptic evolutionary history of its endangered host, potentially aiding in its conservation management.</p>
},
	doi = { https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2007.03512.x},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2007.03512.x},
	author = {Whiteman,Noah Kerness and Kimball,Rebecca T. and Patricia G. Parker}
}
