@article {39564,
	title = {Macrogeographic patterns of genetic differentiation in the pocket gopher Thomomys umbrinus},
	journal = {Systematic Zoology},
	volume = {36},
	year = {1987},
	month = {1987},
	pages = {18 - 34},
	abstract = {<p>Electromorphic and chromosomal variation is analyzed in 26 populations of Tho- momys umbrinus sampled from throughout the range of the species. Interpopulation levels of genic differentiation are extreme, generally exceeding values measured between conspecific populations of most animals or plants. Two principal groups of T. umbrinus are recognized based on chromosomal evidence, one with 2n = 76 chromosomes and the other with 2n = 78. Further, the 2n = 78 group (but not the 2n = 76 group) is bisected into geographic subgroups with respect to chromosome morphology and heterochromatin position. The kind and degree of chromosomal differentiation observed suggests that the three groups may be reproductively incompatible. Allozymic evidence corroborates the above groupings, and an analysis of patterns of allele sharing suggests the absence of gene flow among the groups. A cladistic analysis of electro- morphic data indicates that the two 2n = 78 groups may be independently derived from the 2n = 76 lineage. The combined evidence supports the hypothesis that T. umbrinus is actually a composite of at least three biological species and confirms the observation that speciation in the genus Thomomys is unrelated to the level of genic differentiation between populations. [Evolu- tionary genetics; geographic variation; evolutionary concordance; pocket gophers; cladistic anal- ysis; paraphyly; speciation.]</p>
},
	doi = {10.2307/2413305},
	url = {http://www.jstor.org/stable/2413305?seq=1$\#$page_scan_tab_contents},
	author = {Mark S. Hafner and Hafner,John C. and Patton,J. L. and Smith,M. F.}
}
@article {39565,
	title = {Contact zones and the genetics of differentiation in the pocket gopher Thomomys bottae (Rodentia, Geomyidae)},
	journal = {Systematic Zoology},
	volume = {32},
	year = {1983},
	month = {1983},
	pages = {1 - 20},
	author = {Hafner,John C. and David J. Hafner and Patton,J. L. and Smith,M. F.}
}
@article {38810,
	title = {Genetic differentiation amoung chewing louse populations (Mallophaga: Trichodectidae) in a pocket gopher contact zone (Rodentia: Geomyidae)},
	journal = {Evolution},
	volume = {44},
	year = {1990},
	month = {1990},
	pages = {942 - 951},
	abstract = {<p>Genetic variation amoung populations of chewing lice (Geomydoecus actuosi) was examined in relation to chromosomal and electrophoretic variation amoung populations of their host (Thomomys bottae) at a contact zone. Louse demes were characterised by low levels of genetic heterozygosity (H = 0.039) that may result from founder effects during primary infestations of hosts, compounded by seasonal reductions in louse population size. Louse populations sampled from different hosts showed high levels of genetic structure both within and amoung host localities. Microgeographic differentiation of louse populations is high (mean Fst = 0.092) suggesting that properties of this host-parasite system promote differentiation of louse populations living on different individual hosts. Amoung population differentiation in lice (Fst = 0.240) was similar to host populations (Fst = 0.236), suggesting a close association between gene flow in pocket gophers and gene flow in their lice.</p>
},
	url = {https://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/38810.pdf},
	author = {Nadler,Steven A. and Mark S. Hafner and Hafner,John C. and David J. Hafner}
}
