@article {96607, title = {METAZOAN PARASITES OF RUFOUS-LEGGED OWLS (STRIX RUFIPES) FROM {\~N}UBLE AND BIOB{\'I}O REGIONS, CHILE}, journal = {Revista Chilena de Ornitolog{\'\i}a}, volume = {29}, year = {2023}, pages = {63-72}, abstract = {

Publisher\&$\#$39;s website: https://aveschile.cl/revista-rco/

Metazoan parasites of Chilean owls are scarcely known. We provide data about metazoan parasites of the Rufous-legged Owl (Strix rufipes), a forest-dependent species. Between 2012 and 2018, we examined for parasites eight Rufous-legged Owl carcasses from \Ñuble and Biob\ío regions, south-central Chile. Seven out of eight owls hosted at least one parasite species. We found three ectoparasite species and six endoparasite species. Among ectoparasites were two lice species and one hippoboscid fly species. Among endoparasites were two nematode species, one tapeworm species, two trematode species, and one acanthocephalan species. We recorded the louse Kurodaia magna for the first time in Chile. This louse species and the helminths Procyrnea spinosa, Centrorhynchus spinosus, Neodiplostomum travassosi, Capillaria sp., Paruterinidae gen. sp., and Echinostomatidae gen. sp., represent new host-parasite associations. The record of hippoboscid flies is significant because they are vectors for hemoparasites. Additional studies are necessary to determine if the low richness of helminths in Rufous-legged Owls depends on the ecological traits of this owl species.

Spanish title: Par\ásitos metazoos de concones (Strix rufipes) provenientes de las regiones del \Ñuble y Biob\ío, Chile

RESUMEN. Los par\ásitos metazoarios de las lechuzas chilenas son escasamente conocidos. Aportamos datos sobre los par\ásitos metazoarios del conc\ón (Strix rufipes), una especie dependiente de bosques. Entre 2012 y 2018, examinamos en busca de par\ásitos ocho cad\áveres de concones provenientes de las regiones del \Ñuble y Biob\ío, centro-sur de Chile. Siete de los ocho b\úhos hospedaban al menos una especie de par\ásito. Encontramos tres especies de ectopar\ásitos y seis especies de endopar\ásitos. Entre los ectopar\ásitos encontramos dos especies de piojos y una especie de mosca hipob\óscida. Entre los endopar\ásitos hab\ía dos especies de nem\átodos, una especie de tenia, dos especies de trematodos y una especie de acantoc\éfalo. Registramos por primera vez en Chile el piojo Kurodaia magna. Esta especie de piojo y los helmintos Procyrnea spinosa, Centrorhynchus spinosus, Neodiplostomum travassosi, Capillaria sp., Paruterinidae gen. sp., y Echinostomatidae gen. sp., representan nuevas asociaciones hospedador-par\ásito. El registro de moscas hipob\óscidas es significativo porque son vectores de hemopar\ásitos. Son necesarios estudios adicionales para determinar si la baja riqueza de helmintos en el conc\ón depende de los rasgos ecol\ógicos de esta especie de b\úho

PALABRAS CLAVE: b\úhos Neotropicales, helmintos, mosca hipob\óscida, piojos.

}, keywords = {Helminths, Hippoboscid fly, Kurodaia magna, lice, Neotropical owls}, issn = {0719-7853}, url = {https://aveschile.cl/revista-chilena-de-ornitologia-vol-29-n-2-2023/}, author = {Pablo Oyarz{\'u}n-Ruiz and Cristi{\'a}n Torres and Alexandra Grand{\'o}n-Ojeda and Fuente, Mar{\'\i}a Carolina Silva-de la and Armando Conrado Cicchino and Christian Gonz{\'a}lez and Sebasti{\'a}n Mu{\~n}oz-Leal} } @article {96223, title = {Predators in northern Germany are reservoirs for parasites of One Health concern}, journal = {Parasitology Research}, volume = {120}, year = {2021}, month = {Feb-06-2021}, pages = {4229-4239}, type = {Open Access}, abstract = {

Urbanisation and invasion of wildlife into urban areas as well as human leisure activities create diverse wildlife-domestic animal-human interfaces, increasing the risk of (zoonotic) parasite spillover from sylvatic to domestic and synanthropic cycles. This study investigated the endo- and ectoparasite fauna, emphasising on parasites of One Health Concern, of the most common predators in northern Germany between November 2013 and January 2016. Eighty red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), 18 stone martens (Martes foina) and nine raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) were available for the study. Overall, 79 (73.8\%) of the examined predators (n=107) harboured at least one endoparasite. The most frequently detected endoparasites in red foxes were Toxocara canis (43.8\% positive individuals), Capillaria spp. (36.3\%), Alaria alata (25.0\%), Echinococcus multilocularis (26.3\%) and Uncinaria stenocephala (25.0\%). Furthermore, Toxascaris leonina, Trichuris vulpis, Taenia ssp., Mesocestoides spp. and coccidian oocysts were observed. The endoparasite species richness in raccoon dogs was comparable to red foxes, while in stone martens, only Capillaria spp. were found. Muscle digestion for detection of Trichinella spp. and antigen testing for Giardia spp. did not show positive results. Ectoparasite analyses revealed infestations with ticks species of the genus Ixodes as well as Dermacentor reticulatus. Scabies mites were not present in digested skin samples, while Demodex spp. mites were observed by faecal flotation in one red fox. Furthermore, fleas (Archaeopsylla erinacei and Chaetopsylla globiceps) were observed in the fur of red foxes, while lice were not present in any predator species. However, infestation frequency with ectoparasites was with 19.2\% generally low in available predator skins (n=99). Overall, the present study showed that predators in northern Germany serve as reservoirs for parasites of One Health concern, with four of the five most frequent endoparasites being zoonotic, highlighting the need of parasite surveillance in wildlife predators in order to implement measures avoiding spillovers to domestic animals and humans.

}, keywords = {Echinococcus spp., Helminths, Prevalence, Raccoon dog, Red fox, zoonoses}, issn = {0932-0113, 1432-1955}, doi = {10.1007/s00436-021-07073-3}, url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00436-021-07073-3}, author = {Patrick Waindok and Katharina Raue and Miguel L. Grilo and Ursula Siebert and Christina Strube} } @article {95491, title = {The prevalence and intensity of external and internal parasites in working donkeys (Equus asinus) in Egypt}, journal = {Veterinary World}, volume = {11}, year = {2018}, month = {Sep-2018}, pages = {1298-1306}, abstract = {

Aim: This study aims to record and update the prevalence and intensity of external and internal parasites in working donkeys (Equus asinus) in Egypt during the period from January to December 2017.

Materials and Methods: A total of 120 donkeys (10 donkeys each month) were examined at Giza zoo abattoir through bimonthly visits. The examined donkeys were obtained from five governorates (Giza [20], Fayoum [40], Beni Suef [30], Monofia [20], and Assiut [10]). The animals were grouped according to age and sex.

Results: All examined donkeys were positive with at least one internal or even external parasitic species. The overall prevalence rate was 100\%. A total of 11 helminths species (10 nematodes and 1 metacestode); 7 protozoal and 7 arthropod species were collected. The number of each parasite and intensity of infection with regard to age and sex was recorded.

Conclusion: All examined donkeys were infected with parasites with an overall prevalence of 100\%. So, we recommended following up and continuous treatment of such diseased animal.

}, keywords = {arthropods, donkeys, Egypt, external parasites, Helminths, Internal parasites, protozoa.}, issn = {0972-8988, 2231-0916}, doi = {10.14202/vetworld.2018.1298-1306}, url = {http://www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.11/September-2018/16.html}, author = {Marwa M Attia and Marwa M. Khalifa and Marwa Th. Atwa} } @mastersthesis {95436, title = {Estudio del parasitismo externo y gastrointestinal de bandurria com{\'u}n Theristicus melanopis (Aves, Threskiornithidae) en la comuna de Valdivia, Regi{\'o}n de Los R{\'\i}os, Chile}, volume = {Veterinary Medicine}, year = {2021}, pages = {vi + 52 pp}, school = {Universidad de Concepci{\'o}n}, type = {Veterinary Medicine}, address = {Concepci{\'o}n, Chile}, abstract = {

Thesis in Spanish:

RESUMEN:

La bandurria com\ún, Theristicus melanopis (Gmelin, 1789), a pesar de ser la especie de ibis de mayor distribuci\ón en Chile, presenta escasa informaci\ón respecto a sus par\ásitos. El objetivo principal de este estudio es describir las poblaciones de ectopar\ásitos artr\ópodos y helmintos gastrointestinales en espec\ímenes de bandurria com\ún colectadas en la comuna de Valdivia. Para esto, se analizaron 54 ejemplares de bandurrias com\ún, provenientes del Centro de Rescate y Rehabilitaci\ón de Fauna Silvestre de la Universidad Austral de Chile, comuna de Valdivia, Regi\ón de Los R\íos. Las aves fueron recolectadas en dos periodos de tiempo: 19 ejemplares, en el a\ño 2011, y 35 en 2014 y 2015. Los par\ásitos fueron recolectados mediante t\écnicas tradicionales de recolecci\ón de ectopar\ásitos artr\ópodos y necropsia parasitaria para los helmintos gastrointestinales. En total se identificaron cinco especies de ectopar\ásitos y cuatro especies de par\ásitos gastrointestinales. En 15 de las 54 bandurrias com\ún (27,78\%) se recolect\ó un total de 298 piojos (Insecta: Phthiraptera) correspondientes a cuatro especies: Colpocephalum trispinum (27,78\%), Plegadiphilus mamillatus (12,96\%), Ardeicola melanopis (18,52\%) e Ibidoecus fissisignatus (5,56\%). En 13 bandurrias com\ún (24,07\%) se identific\ó la especie de \ácaro plum\ícola Diodochaetus (Dicranogonus) melanopis (Acari: Pterolichoidea). En 28 bandurrias com\ún (51,85\%) se aisl\ó un total de 304 helmintos, correspondientes a dos nem\átodos: Porrocaecum heteropterum (46,30\%) y Baruscapillaria obsignata (5,56\%), un cestodo Eugonodaeum nasuta (9,26\%) y un acantoc\éfalo Sphaerirostris lancea (1,85\%). Seis de estas especies corresponden a nuevas asociaciones par\ásito-hospedador.

Palabras clave: aves, Theristicus melanopis, Phthiraptera, Acari, Helmintos

English translated title: STUDY OF EXTERNAL AND GASTROINTESTINAL PARASITISM OF BLACK FACED IBIS Theristicus melanopis (AVES, THRESKIORNITHIDAE) IN THE COMMUNE OF VALDIVIA, REGI\ÓN DE LOS R\ÍOS, CHILE

Abstract:The black-faced ibis, Theristicus melanopis (Gmelin, 1789), despite being the most widely distributed species of ibis in Chile, presents little information regarding its parasites. The main objective of this study is to describe the populations of macroparasites -arthropods ectoparasites and gastrointestinal helminths- in specimens of black-faced ibis collected in the commune of Valdivia. For this, were analyzed 54 specimens of black-faced ibis, entirely from the Wildlife Rescue and Rehabilitation Center of the Austral University of Chile, commune of Valdivia, Los R\íos Region. Birds were collected in two time lapses: 19 specimens in 2011, and 35 in 2014 and 2015. Parasites were collected using traditional arthropods ectoparasites collection techniques and parasitic necropsy for gastrointestinal helminths. In total, five species of ectoparasites and four species of gastrointestinal parasites were identified. In 15 of the 54 black-faced ibis (27.78\%) were collected 298 lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) corresponding to four species: Colpocephalum trispinum (27.78\%), Plegadiphilus mamillatus (12.96\%), Ardeicola melanopis (18.52\%) and Ibidoecus fissisignatus (5.56\%). In 13 black-faced ibis (24.07\%) was identified the species of feather mite Diodochaetus (Dicranogonus) melanopis (Acari: Pterolichoidea). In 28 black-faced ibis (51.85\%) were isolated 304 helminths, corresponding to two nematodes: Porrocaecum heteropterum (46.30\%) and Baruscapillaria obsignata (5.56\%), a cestode Eugonodaeum nasuta (9.26\%) and an acanthocephalan Sphaerirostris lancea (1.85\%). Six of these species correspond to new parasite-host associations

}, keywords = {Acari, birds, Helminths}, url = {https://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/95436.pdf}, author = {Camilo H. Salazar-Silva} } @inbook {95357, title = {Human Parasites in Medieval Europe: Lifestyle, Sanitation and Medical Treatment}, booktitle = {Advances in Parasitology}, volume = {90}, year = {2015}, pages = {389 - 420}, publisher = {Elsevier Ltd.}, organization = {Elsevier Ltd.}, chapter = {10}, abstract = {

Parasites have been infecting humans throughout our evolution. However, not allpeople suffered with the same species or to the same intensity throughout thistime. Our changing way of life has altered the suitability of humans to infection byeach type of parasite. This analysis focuses upon the evidence for parasites from archae-ological excavations at medieval sites across Europe. Comparison between the patternsof infection in the medieval period allows us to see how changes in sanitation, herdinganimals, growing and fertilizing crops, thefishing industry, food preparation and migra-tion all affected human susceptibility to different parasites. We go on to explore how ectoparasites may have spread infectious bacterial diseases, and also consider whatmedieval medical practitioners thought of parasites and how they tried to treat them.While modern research has shown the use of a toilet decreases the risk of contractingcertain intestinal parasites, the evidence for past societies presented here suggests thatthe invention of latrines had no observable beneficial effects upon intestinal healthThis may be because toilets were not sufficiently ubiquitous until the last century, orthat the use of fresh human faeces for manuring crops still ensured those parasitespecies were easily able to reinfect the population

}, keywords = {Dysentery, ectoparasites, Helminths, Human evolution, Infectious diseases, Latrine, Medical history, Palaeoparasitology, Palaeopathology, plague}, isbn = {9780128040010}, issn = {0065308X}, doi = {10.1016/bs.apar.2015.05.001}, url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0065308X15000469}, author = {Piers D. Mitchell} } @article {95275, title = {Macroparasites of Pallas{\textquoteright}s squirrels (Callosciurus erythraeus) introduced into Europe}, journal = {Veterinary Parasitology}, volume = {172}, year = {2010}, month = {08-2010}, pages = {172 - 176}, abstract = {

Introduced pets released in natura can lead to sanitary risks for native fauna and humans. We analysed the macroparasite fauna of a total of 49 Pallas\&$\#$39;s squirrels, Callosciurus erythraeus, from two populations introduced into urbanised areas in Europe (n=16 female symbol and 13 male symbol from Antibes, France, 43 degrees 33\&$\#$39;N-7 degrees 7\&$\#$39;E; n=11 female symbol and 9 male symbol in from Dadizele, Belgium, 50 degrees 52\&$\#$39;N-3 degrees 5\&$\#$39;E). Of the 185 identified ectoparasites from Antibes, 183 were sucking lice Enderleinellus kumadai, with male squirrels 10 times more intensely infested than females. The flea Nosopsyllus fasciatus was found on two hosts. No hard ticks were recovered. Of the 131 arthropods specimens from Dadizele, 45 belonged to E. kumadai, with male squirrels three times more intensely infested than females. Eighty-six arthropods belonged to another sucking louse, Hoplopleura erismata, with males infested twice as intensely as females. No fleas or hard ticks were found. We only found 12 immature Hymenolepis sp. cestodes in the small intestine of three squirrels from Antibes and two immature Mastophorus sp. female nematodes in the stomach of a squirrel from Dadizele. We found no other helminths in the body cavity, heart, lung, liver, kidney or bladder. The macroparasite fauna of these two squirrel populations is consistent with what is expected from an introduced host, i.e., a few species dominated by specialist taxa imported with founders. The scarcity of other rodent species in the urbanized areas where Pallas\&$\#$39;s squirrels were sampled may explain the low variety of newly acquired macroparasites. The discrepancy in sucking lice infestations between males and females could be due to differences in either behaviour or physiology in this non-sexually dimorphic host. Based on the macroparasites found in this study, we expect minimal sanitary risks for both native fauna and humans in urbanized habitats such as those in our study.

}, keywords = {Helminths, Introduced pet, Pallas{\textquoteright}s squirrel, Parasitic arthropods}, issn = {03044017}, doi = {10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.04.021}, url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0304401710002402}, author = {Anne Dozi{\`e}res and Beno{\^\i}t Pisanu and Olivier Gerriet and C. Lapeyre and Jan Stuyck and Jean-Louis Chapuis} } @article {95167, title = {Prevalence of parasites in working pig-tailed Macaques (Macaca nemestrina in Kelantan, Malaysia}, journal = {Journal of Medical Primatology}, volume = {48}, year = {2019}, month = {08-2019}, pages = {207 - 210}, abstract = {

Background: Coconut is an important commodity in Kelantan, and pig-tailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina) have been traditionally used for coconut-plucking for over a century. Most of these animals were sourced from the wild population, and the parasitic status of these macaques is unknown, plus the impacts caused by these parasites are usually underestimated by the owners.
Methods: A total of 30 macaques were sampled for blood, faeces and hair plucks to detect parasite.

Results: Out of 21 faecal samples examined, 11 (52\%) were determined positive for one or more gastrointestinal parasites, namely Trichostrongylus spp., Strongyloides spp., Anatrichosoma spp., Capillaria spp., Trichuris spp. and Paramphisotomum spp. Filaria was detected in one (3\%) of the blood samples. For ectoparasites, only lice, Pedicinus sp., were found in 9 (30\%) macaques.
Conclusions: It is imperative that the parasitic status of these animals be determined so that necessary actions and preventive measures can be implemented to prevent zoonotic transmissions.

}, keywords = {captive primates, filaria, Helminths, lice, zoonotic}, issn = {0047-2565}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1111/jmp.12416}, url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jmp.12416}, author = {Siew-Shean Choong and Mimi_Armiladiana bt. Mohamad and Ruhil Hayati Hamdan and Li-Peng Tan} } @article {95134, title = {Parasites of the Neotropic cormorant Nannopterum (Phalacrocorax) brasilianus (Aves, Phalacrocoracidae) in Chile}, journal = {Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterin{\'a}ria}, volume = {29}, year = {2020}, month = {09-2020}, pages = {16pp}, type = {Epub e-003920}, abstract = {

Abstract

The Neotropic cormorant Nannopterum (Phalacrocorax) brasilianus (Suliformes: Phalacrocoracidae) is widely distributed in Central and South America. In Chile, information about parasites for this species is limited to helminths and nematodes, and little is known about other parasite groups. This study documents the parasitic fauna present in 80 Neotropic cormorants\’ carcasses collected from 2001 to 2008 in Antofagasta, Biob\ío, and \Ñuble regions. Birds were externally inspected for ectoparasites and necropsies were performed to examine digestive and respiratory organs in search of endoparasites. Ectoparasites collected were cleared and mounted for identification under a microscope. Fecal samples were also evaluated to determine the presence of protozoan parasites employing a flotation technique. A total of 44 (42.5\%) of birds were infested with at least one ectoparasite species, while 77 (96.25\%) were carrying endoparasites. No protozoan forms were found after examination. Most prevalent endoparasite species found were Contracaecum rudolphii s. l. (72/80, 90\%), followed by Pectinopygus gyroceras (33/80, 41.25\%), and Profilicollis altmani (26/80, 32.5\%). This is the first report of P. altmani, Baruscapillaria carbonis, Avioserpens sp., Cyathostoma (Cyathostoma) phenisci, and Eidmaniella pelucida in the Neotropic cormorant. These findings also expand the distributional range of Andracantha phalacrocoracis, Paradilepis caballeroi, Hysteromorpha triloba, and P. gyroceras to Chile.

Spanish title: Parasitos da bigu\á Nannopterum (Phalacrocorax) brasilianus (Aves, Phalacrocoracidae) do Chile

Resumo

O Bigu\á Nannopterum (Phalacrocorax) brasilianus (Suliformes: Phalacrocoracidae) \é amplamente distribu\ído na Am\érica Central e na do Sul. No Chile, as informa\ç\ões sobre parasitos para essa esp\écie s\ão limitadas a helmintos e nematoides, e pouco se sabe sobre outros grupos de parasitos. Este estudo documenta a fauna parasit\ária presente em 80 bigu\ás coletados de 2001 a 2008, nas regi\ões de Antofagasta, Biob\ío e \Ñuble. As aves foram inspecionadas externamente em busca de ectoparasitas; adicionalmente, foram realizadas necropsias para examinar os \órg\ãos digestivos e respirat\órios em busca de endoparasitos. Os ectoparasitos coletados foram limpos e montados para identifica\ç\ão ao microsc\ópio. As amostras de fezes tamb\ém foram avaliadas para determinar a presen\ça de parasitos protozo\ários, empregando-se uma t\écnica de flutua\ç\ão. Um total de 44 (42,5\%) aves estavam infectadas com pelo menos um ectoparasito, enquanto 77 (96,25\%) estavam portando endoparasito. Nenhuma forma de protozo\ário foi encontrada ap\ós o exame. As esp\écies de endoparasitos mais prevalentes encontradas foram Contracaecum rudolphii (72/80, 90\%), Pectinopygus gyroceras (33/80, 41.25\%) e Profilicollis altmani (26/80, 32.5\%). Este \é o primeiro registro de P. altmani, Baruscapillaria carbonis, Avioserpens sp., Cyathostoma (Cyathostoma) phenisci e Eidmaniella pelucida no bigu\á. Esses resultados tamb\ém expandem a distribui\ç\ão de Andracantha phalacrocoracis, Paradilepis caballeroi, Ascocotyle felippei, Hysteromorpha triloba e P. gyroceras no Chile.

Palavras-chave:\  Helmintos; parasitas externos; parasitas internos; p\ássaro; piolhos

}, keywords = {birds, ectoparasites, Endoparasites, Helminths, lice}, issn = {0103-846X}, doi = {10.1590/s1984-29612020049}, url = {http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext\&pid=S1984-29612020000300314\&tlng=en}, author = {Daniel Gonz{\'a}lez-Acu{\~n}a and Sebasti{\'a}n Llanos and Pablo Oyarz{\'u}n-Ruiz and John M. Kinsella and Carlos Barrientos and Richard Thomas and Armando Conrado Cicchino and L. Moreno} } @article {95006, title = {Ectoparasites and gastrointestinal helminths of chickens of three agro-climatic zones in Oromia Region, Ethiopia}, journal = {Animal Biology}, volume = {59}, year = {2009}, month = {01-2009}, pages = {289 - 297}, abstract = {

A survey for ectoparasites and gastrointestinal helminths was conducted in 150 chickens raised in a traditional backyard production system. The chickens were randomly selected from six sites in three agro-climatic zones in central Ethiopia, namely Bekoji and Chancho (highland), Woliso and Teji (midland), and Metehara and Zeway Dugda (lowland). The study indicated that in the three agro-climatic zones 126 (84\%), 108 (72\%) and 97 (64.67\%) of the examined chickens were harbouring ectoparasites, nematodes and cestodes respectively. Out of 10 species of ectoparasites, Menacanthus stramineus (40\%) was the most frequent species. Postmortem examinations revealed the presence of four species of nematodes (Ascaridia galli, Heterakis gallinarum, Subulura brumpti and Capillaria caudinflata) and four species of cestodes (Raillietina echinobothrida, R. tetragona, R. cesticillus and Choanotaenia infundibulum). The ectoparasite infestation was found to be sex specific in chicken, being significantly higher (P\<0.05) in males. On the other hand, endoparasitic infection showed no such difference (P\>0.05). No difference was found among the three agro-climatic zones in the frequency of ectoparasite and nematode infection. However, a significant difference (P\<0.05) in the frequency of cestode infection among the three zones was observed.

}, keywords = {Agro-climatic zones, ectoparasite, Helminths}, doi = {10.1163/157075609X454926}, url = {https://brill.com/view/journals/ab/59/3/article-p289_4.xml}, author = {Yacob Hailu Tolossa and Asoke K. Basu and Ziad D. Shafi} } @article {94985, title = {PARASITES OF DOMESTIC (COLUMBA LIVIA DOMESTICA) AND WILD (COLUMBA LIVIA LIVIA) PIGEONS IN NI{\u G}DE, TURKEY}, journal = {Bulletin Veterinary Institute in Pulawy}, volume = {52}, year = {2008}, pages = {551-554}, abstract = {

Faecal samples were taken from 251 pigeons (136 domestic pigeons and 115 wild ones). The samples were examined through the centrifugal flotation method using Sheather\’s saturated sugar solution. In addition, all the samples were examined for Cryptosporidium oocysts by using a modified acid-fast staining method. Coccidia oocysts were detected in 81 (59.6\%) domestic pigeons and in 35 (30.4\%) wild pigeons. Coccidian species identified in domestic pigeons were as follows: Eimeria labbeana (58.1\%); E. columbarum (30.9\%); E. columbae (22.1\%); and Isospora sp. (18.4\%). In wild pigeons, the oocysts of the following species were detected: Eimeria labbeana (28.7\%), E. columbarum (10.4\%), E. columbae (5.2\%), and Isospora sp. (13.0\%). Helminth eggs were found in faeces of 32 (23.5\%) domestic pigeons and in five (4.3\%) wild pigeons. The following helminth species were identified: Capillaria sp. (19.9\%) Ascaridia columbae (5.1\%), and Heterakis sp. (3.7\%) in domestic pigeons; and Capillaria sp. (4.3\%) and Syngamus sp. (1.7\%) in wild pigeons. Cryptosporidium oocysts were not observed in the faecal samples of both domestic and wild pigeons

}, keywords = {coccidia, Domestic pigeons, Helminths, Turkey, wild pigeons}, url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/285663761_Parasites_of_domestic_Columba_livia_domestica_and_wild_Columba_livia_livia_Pigeons_in_Nigde_Turkey}, author = {Bari{\c s} Sari and Karatepe, B. and Karatepe, M. and Murat Kara} } @article {94875, title = {Parasites of Columba livia (Aves: Columbiformes) in Tenerife (Canary Islands) and their role in the conservation biology of the Laurel pigeons}, journal = {Parasite}, volume = {11}, year = {2004}, month = {11-2004}, pages = {311 - 316}, abstract = {

Abstract

The prevalence and intensity of the parasites from 50 wild doves (Columba livia) from the city of Santa Cruz de Tenerife, in the island of Tenerife (Canary Archipelago), were studied. The following ectoparasites were found in apparently healthy pigeons (prevalences are shown in percentage (\%) and mean intensities with their standard deviations): the acari Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778) (6 241 .0 \± 138.9) and Tinaminyssus melloi Fain, 1962 (10 \%, 218.3 \± 117.3); the louses, Columbicola columbae Linnaeus, 1758 (100 \%, 111.4 \± 76.8) and Campanulotes bidentatus Scopoli, 1763 (94 \%, 48.4 \± 26.6); and the pigeon fly, Pseudolynchia canariensis Macquart, 1839 (36 \%, 6.2 \± 1.6). The endoparasites we found, were: a haemoprotozoan species, Haemoproteus columbae Kruze, 1890 (82 \%, 14.8 \± 10.3 per 1000); coccidian oocysts, Eimeria sp. (50 \%, 0.2 x 103 \± 1.7 x 103 per gr); a cestode species Raillietina micracantha (Fuhrmann, 1909) L\ópez Neyra, 1947 (44 \%, 12.3 \± 9.4); and four nematode species, Tetrameres (Tetrameres) fissispina (Diesing, 1861) Travassos, 1915 (4 \%, 99.5 \± 34,1), Synhimantus (Dispharynx) spiralis (Molin, 1858) (8 \%, 46. 8 \± 11.6), Ascaridia columbae (Gmelin, 1790) Travassos, 1913 (40 \%, 8.4 \± 8.8) and Aonchotheca sp. (18 \%, 6.0 \± 3.1). Several species detected in our study can be pathogens for C. bollii and C. junoniae, which are endemic pigeons of the Canary Islands, considered endangered species. Parasites (ectoparasites, protozoa and helminths) of C. livia found in Tenerife and others from wild and farm birds in the island were considered as healthy controls.

R\ésum\é

Nous avons \étudi\é la pr\évalence et l\&$\#$39;intensit\é des parasites trouv\és chez 50 pigeons sauvages (Columba livia). Il s\&$\#$39;agissait de pigeons de Santa Cruz de Tenerife, capitale de l\&$\#$39;\île de T\én\érife (\Îles Canaries). Nous avons repr\ésent\é les pr\évalences en pourcentage (\%) et les intensit\és moyennes avec leurs d\éviations standard. Nous avons trouv\é chez des pigeons apparemment en bonne sant\é les ectoparasites suivants : des acariens, Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778) (6 \%, 241,0 \± 138,9) et Tinaminyssus melloi Fain, 1962 (10 \%, 218,3 \± 117,3); des poux, Columbicola columbae Linnaeus, 1758 (100\%, 111,4 \± 76,8) et Campanulotes bidentatus Scopoli, 1763 (94 \%, 48,4 \± 26,6); et la mouche du pigeon, Pseudolynchia canariensis Macquart, 1839 (36 \%, 6,2 \± 1,6). D\&$\#$39;autre part, nous avons vu des endoparasites, \à savoir, une esp\èce de h\émaprotozoaire, Haemoproteus columbae Kruze, 1890 (82 \%, 14,8 \± 10,3 pour 1 000); des oocystes de coccidies, Eimeria sp. (50 \%, 0,2 x 103 \± 1,7 x 103 dans 1 gr); une esp\èce de cestode Raillietina micracantha (Fuhrmann, 1909) L\ópez Neyra, 1947 (44 \%, 12,3 \± 9,4); et quatre esp\èces de n\ématodes, Tetrameres (Tetrameres) fissispina (Diesing, 1861) Travassos, 1915 (4 \%, 99,5 \± 34,1), Synhimantus (Dispharynx) spiralis (Molin, 1858) (8 \%, 46,8 \± 11,6), Ascaridia columbae (Gmelin, 1790) Travassos, 1913 (40 \% , 8,4 \± 8,8) et Aonchotheca sp. (18 \%, 6,0 \± 3,1). Quelques-unes des esp\èces \étudi\ées peuvent \être pathog\ènes pour C. bollii et C. junoniae, lesquelles sont des pigeons end\émiques des \Îles Canaries, et sont consid\ér\ées en voie de disparition. Les parasites de C. livia de l\&$\#$39;\Île de T\én\érife (ectoparasites, protozoaires et helminthes) et d\&$\#$39;autres trouv\és dans des oiseaux sauvages et domestiques de la m\ême \île peuvent \être consid\ér\és comme des indicateurs de l\&$\#$39;\état de sant\é.

Mots cl\és : Columba livia / ectoperasite / helminthe / protozoaire / T\én\érife

}, keywords = {ectoparasites, Helminths, protozoa, Tenerife}, issn = {1252-607X}, doi = {10.1051/parasite/2004113311}, url = {http://www.parasite-journal.org/10.1051/parasite/2004113311}, author = {P. Foronda and B. Valladares and J.A. Rivera-Medina and E. Figueruelo and N. Abreu and J.C. Casanova} } @article {94860, title = {Parasitic Infections of Free {\textendash}Range Chickens from Golestan Province, Iran}, journal = {Iranian Journal Parasitology}, volume = {4}, year = {2009}, pages = {10 -14}, abstract = {

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, intensity, and species of internal and external parasites of native fowls from Golestan Province, north of Iran.
Methods: During 2007, different organs of 26 and 24 adult female native fowls collected from humid parts (Gorgan, Kord Kooy, Ramian and Bandar Gaz) and dry regions (Gonbad Kavoos, and Bandar Torkaman) of Golestan Province, respectively were searched for parasite. Two blood smears taken from each bird were stained with Geimsa. External parasites and nematodes were preserved in 70 \% alcohol containing 5\% glycerin. Cestodes were fixed in 10\% formalin and stained with carmine acid for further studies.
Results: Fifteen species of parasites were collected from alimentary canals, lungs, feathers and subcuta- neous nodules as follows: Alimentary canal: Ascaridia galli (56\%), Heterakis gallinarum (24\%), Capil- laria anatis (4\%), Cheilospirura hamulosa (4\%), Raillietina tetragona (58\%), R. echinobothrida (6\%), and Choanotaenia infundibulum (8\%); Lungs: Syngamus trachea (16\%); Feathers: Monopon gallinae (40\%), Menacanthus stramineus (40\%), Liperus caponis (32\%), Goniodes dissimilis (38\%), Cuclogaster heterographus (8\%), Dermanissus gallinae (20\%) and subcutaneous nodules: Laminosioptes cysticola (6\%).
Conclusion: The frequency distribution of most species was low. L. cysticola is the first host and distri- bution record for Iran

}, keywords = {Cuclogaster heterographus, Helminths, Iran, Native fowls, parasitism}, issn = {pISSN: 1735-7020, eISSN: 2008-238x}, url = {http://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/view/103}, author = {A. Eslami and P. Ghaemi and S. Rahbari} } @article {94852, title = {Common poultry parasites of backyard hens}, journal = {The Veterinary Nurse}, volume = {7}, year = {2016}, pages = {584 - 588}, abstract = {

As the incidence of backyard hens being presented in practice increases, it is important that veterinary nurses can identify the commonly found poultry pests and know how best to advise owners on treatment and prevention. Un- treated parasites (both external and internal) can result in debilitation and in some cases can cause death.

}, keywords = {ectoparasites, Endoparasites, Helminths, Infestation, protozoa}, url = {https://www.theveterinarynurse.com/Review/article/common-poultry-parasites-of-backyard-hens}, author = {Gaynor Davies} } @article {94524, title = {Gastrointestinal and ectoparasites of plumbeous rail, Pardirallus sanguinolentus (Aves: Rallidae) in Central Chile}, journal = {Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterin{\'a}ria}, volume = {27}, year = {2018}, pages = {301 - 312}, abstract = {

Abstract
With the aim to identify the parasite fauna of plumbeous rail, Pardirallus sanguinolentus (Aves: Rallidae) in Chile, 26 carcasses were parasitologically necropsied. The present study revealed the presence of 14 species of parasites (inverse Simpson index = 4.64; evenness = 0.332), including ectoparasites: feather mites: Analloptes megnini, Grallobia sp., Grallolichus sp., Megniniella sp., and Metanalges sp.; the feather lice Pseudomenopon meinertzhageni, Rallicola andinus, and Fulicoffula sp.; and six species of gastrointestinal helminths: Heterakis psophiae, Porrocaecum ardeae, Tetrameres sp., Capillaria sp., Diorchis sp., and Plagiorhynchus sp. The relatively high parasite richness that was found could be attributed to the highly favorable conditions of wetlands for parasite development. All parasites found, except feather lice, are new records for plumbeous rail. A checklist of parasites for plumbeous rail is presented.

Gastrointestinais e ectoparasitas do saracura-do-banhado, Pardirallus sanguinolentus (Aves: Rallidae) do Chile central

Resumo
Com o objetivo de identificar a fauna parasit\ária do saracura-do-banhado, Pardirallus sanguinolentus (Aves: Rallidae) no Chile, 26 carca\ças foram necropsiadas. O presente estudo revelou a presen\ça de 14 esp\écies de parasitos (\índice Simpson inverso = 4,64; equitatividade = 0,332), incluindo os \ácaros de penas: Analloptes megnini, Grallobia sp., Grallolichus sp., Megniniella sp. e Metanalges sp.; os piolhos de penas Pseudomenopon meinertzhageni, Rallicola andinus e Fulicoffula sp.; e seis esp\écies de helmintos gastrointestinais: Heterakis psophiae, Porrocaecum ardeae, Tetrameres sp., Capillaria sp., Diorchis sp. e Plagiorhynchus sp. A riqueza parasit\ária relativa encontrada pode ser devido \às condi\ç\ões altamente favor\áveis das zonas \úmidas para o desenvolvimento do parasita. Todos os parasitos encontrados, com exce\ç\ão dos piolhos de pena, s\ão novos registros para o saracura-do-banhado. Um checklist dos parasitos do saracura-do-banhado \é apresentado.
Palavras-chave: Parasitos, helmintos, diversidade, zona \úmida, ral\ídeos.

}, keywords = {Diversity, Helminths, parasites, rallids, wetlands}, issn = {0103-846X}, doi = {10.1590/s1984-296120180042}, url = {http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext\&pid=S1984-29612018005011101\&lng=en\&tlng=en}, author = {Valdebenito, Jos{\'e} Osvaldo and L. Moreno and Carlos Barrientos and Sergey Mironov and John M. Kinsella and Armando Conrado Cicchino and Mabel Mena and Alexandra Grand{\'o}n-Ojeda and Daniel Gonz{\'a}lez-Acu{\~n}a} } @article {94502, title = {Human parasites in the Roman World: health consequences of conquering an empire And Corrigendum}, journal = {Parasitology}, volume = {144}, year = {2017}, month = {Jan-01-2017}, pages = {48 - 58}, abstract = {

The archaeological evidence for parasites in the Roman era is presented in order to demonstrate the species present at that time, and highlight the health consequences for people living under Roman rule. Despite their large multi-seat public latrines with washing facilities, sewer systems, sanitation legislation, fountains and piped drinking water from aqueducts, we see the widespread presence of whipworm (Trichuris trichiura), roundworm (Ascaris lumbricoides) and Entamoeba his- tolytica that causes dysentery. This would suggest that the public sanitation measures were insufficient to protect the popu- lation from parasites spread by fecal contamination. Ectoparasites such as fleas, head lice, body lice, pubic lice and bed bugs were also present, and delousing combs have been found. The evidence fails to demonstrate that the Roman culture of regular bathing in the public baths reduced the prevalence of these parasites. Fish tapeworm was noted to be widely present, and was more common than in Bronze and Iron Age Europe. It is possible that the Roman enthusiasm for fer- mented, uncooked fish sauce (garum) may have facilitated the spread of this helminth. Roman medical practitioners such as Galen were aware of intestinal worms, explaining their existence and planning treatment using the humoural theory of the period.

}, keywords = {ectoparasites, Helminths, Infectious diseases, Latrine, Medical history, Palaeoparasitology, Palaeopathology, Plague of Justinian, protozoa, Rome.}, issn = {0031-1820}, doi = {10.1017/S0031182015001651}, url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0031182015001651/type/journal_article}, author = {Piers D. Mitchell} } @article {94455, title = {Gastrointestinal and external parasitism in the Magellanic Horned Owl Bubo magellanicus (Strigiformes: Strigidae) in Chile}, journal = {Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterin{\'a}ria}, volume = {27}, year = {2018}, month = {Jan-06-2018}, pages = {161 - 168}, abstract = {

To describe the parasitic community of the Magellanic Horned Owl, Bubo magellanicus (Aves, Strigiformes), 19 carcasses from central Chile were analyzed. Ectoparasites were collected through plumage inspection, while endoparasites were collected through traditional techniques of parasitological necropsy. Sixteen owls were infected with at least one species of ectoparasite (84.21\%) or endoparasite (31.58\%). Eleven of 19 birds (57.89\%) harbored feather mites of the three species Pandalura cirrata (42.11\%), Glaucalges attenuatus (47.37\%), and Kramerella sp. (10.53\%), whereas 16 individuals (84.21\%) harbored the chewing louse Strigiphilus chilensis. Only six birds (31.58\%) were infected with helminths; the nematodes Capillaria tenuissima (26.32\%) and Dispharynx nasuta (5.26\%); the acanthocephalan Centrorhynchus spinosus (5.26\%); and the trematode Neodiplostomum sp. (5.26\%). Apart from S. chilensis, all parasites comprised new records for B. magellanicus.

Portugese title:\ Parasitos gastrointestinais e externos da coruja-orelhuda Bubo magellanicus (Strigiformes: Strigidae) do Chile

Resumo:\ Para descrever a comunidade parasit\ária de coruja-orelhuda Bubo magellanicus (Aves, Strigiformes), foram analisados 19 carca\ças das aves do centro do Chile. Os ectoparasitos foram coletados inspecionando-se a plumagem e os endoparasitas extra\ídos por meio de t\écnicas tradicionais de necropsia parasitaria. Dezesseis corujas estavam infectadas com pelo menos uma esp\écie de ectoparasito (84,21\%) ou endoparasito (31,58\%). Onze de 19 aves (57,89\%) abrigavam nas penas \ácaros de tr\ês esp\écies: Pandalura cirrata (42,11\%), Glaucalges attenuatus (47,37\%) e Kramerella sp. (10,53\%), enquanto que 16 indiv\íduos (84,21\%) estavam parasitados pelo piolho Strigiphilus chilensis. Apenas seis aves (31,58\%) estavam infectadas com helmintos; os nematoides Capillaria tenuissima (26,32\%) e Dispharynx nasuta (5,26\%); o acantoc\éfalo Centrorhynchus spinosus (5,26\%); e o tremat\ódeo Neodiplostomum sp. (5,26\%). Excetuando-se S. chilensis, todos os parasitos inclu\íam novos registros para B. magellanicus.

}, keywords = {Acari, birds, Bubo magellanicus, Helminths, parasites}, issn = {0103-846X}, doi = {10.1590/s1984-296120180013}, url = {http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext\&pid=S1984-29612018000200161\&lng=en\&tlng=en}, author = {Alexandra Grand{\'o}n-Ojeda and Valdebenito, Jos{\'e} Osvaldo and L. Moreno and John M. Kinsella and Sergey Mironov and Armando Conrado Cicchino and Carlos Barrientos and Daniel Gonz{\'a}lez-Acu{\~n}a} } @inbook {94321, title = {Macroparasites in Antarctic Penguins}, booktitle = {Biodiversity and Evolution of Parasitic Life in the Southern Ocean. Parasitology Research Monographs,}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, pages = {183-204}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, organization = {Springer Nature}, chapter = {10}, address = {Cham, Switzerland}, abstract = {

Parasitism is a highly common mode of living in animals being parasite species very abundant. Parasites affect in a different ways the host life through subtle effects to more dramatic effects causing population crashes and then regulating host populations. Antarctica and the Southern Ocean wildlife show also parasites although the published information is very scarce. This is even in the case of the most studied group of Antarctic seabirds, the penguins. In this chapter, we analyze the published information about the presence, epidemiology, life cycles, and effects of macroparasites, helminths, and ectoparasites in Antarctic penguins. Most of the publications only give information about the presence/absence of parasites, and very few give data about epidemiology such as prevalence or intensity of parasitization. The information about intermediate host is almost absent, and parasite effects have been addressed very few times. Moreover, the information is based on few areas, and there is not any long-term data set which makes difficult a broad understanding of the impact of parasites in the ecology of penguins. Nevertheless, the little information allows extracting some conclusions. First, the diversity of parasite species is very low which can be explained by the narrow diet spectrum and the harsh conditions. Second, helminths occur at higher prevalence than ectoparasites. In general, a trend of decreased macroparasite prevalence towards more southerly locations can be identified, although the small number of studies precludes a robust conclusion. Third, general parasite effects have been reported causing tissue damage, changes in immune parameters, reduction in body mass, reduction of breeding success, and transmission of diseases, this later in the case of ticks. Finally, it is expected that climate change will affect host-parasite interaction in penguins due to changes in the parasite distribution, host exposure, or resistance, but a higher number of studies with good quality data at long term are needed to confirm the expectations and a deeper understanding of the ecological aspects of parasites such as life cycle, epidemiology, and health impacts in the penguins.

}, keywords = {Antartica, ectoparasites, Helminths, Host-parasite interaction, penguins}, issn = {978-3-319-46342-1 (print), 978-3-319-46343-8 (e-book)}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-46343-8}, url = {http://phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/94321.pdf}, author = {Julia I Diaz and Bruno Fusaro and Virginia Vidal and Daniel Gonz{\'a}lez-Acu{\~n}a and Costa, Erli Schneider and Meagan Dewar and Gray, Rachael and Michelle L. Power and Gary Miller and Michaela Blyton and Vanstreels, Ralph Eric Thijl and Andr{\'e}s Barbosa}, editor = {Klimpel,Sven and Thomas Kuhn and Heinz Mehlhorn} } @article {68840, title = {First records of parasites from the Long-tailed Meadowlark Sturnella loyca (Passeriformes: Icteridae) from the Biob{\'\i}o Region, Chile}, journal = {Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad}, volume = {84}, year = {2013}, month = {Mar-12-2013}, pages = {1316 - 1320}, type = {Research note}, abstract = {

Abstract: A total of 27 Long-tailed Meadowlarks Sturnella loyca (Molina, 1782) from the Biob\ío Region were\ examined between January 2005 and December 2008. Birds were infected with chewing lice (Phthiraptera), feather\ mites (Acari), and helminths\ (Platyhelminthes, Acanthocephala). Three species of chewing lice were found: Brueelia\ boae Cicchino and Castro, 1996 (26\% prevalence), Menacanthus leistidis Cicchino, 1984 (7.4\%), and Menacanthus\ sturnellae Price, 1977 (7.4\%). Mites included 4 taxa: Amerodectes sp. (Mironov, 2008) (14.8\%), Harphyrhynchoides\ sp. (Fain, 1972) (7.4\%), Mesalgoides sp. (Fain, 1972) (3.7\%), and Proctophyllodes sp. (Robin, M\égnin, 1877)\ (3.7\%). Gastrointestinal helminths included the cestode Anonchotaenia longiovata (Fuhrmann, 1901) (18\%) and the\ acanthocephalan Mediorhynchus robustus (Van Cleave, 1916) (3.7\%). With the exception of B. boae and M. leistidis,\ all parasites represent new records for this passerine bird species.

Title in Spanish:\ Primer registro de par\ásitos de la loica Sturnella loyca (Passeriformes: Icteridae) de la\ regi\ón del Biob\ío, Chile

Resumen:\ Se analizaron 27 loicas Sturnella loyca (Molina, 1782) procedentes de la regi\ón del Biob\ío entre enero de\ 2005 y diciembre de 2008. Se recolectaron piojos (Phthiraptera), \ácaros de plumas (Acari) y helmintos (Platyhelminthes,\ Acanthocephala). Se identificaron 3 especies de piojos: Brueelia boae Cicchino y Castro, 1996 (26\% prevalencia),\ Menacanthus leistidis Cicchino, 1984 (7.4\%) y Menacanthus sturnellae Price, 1977 (7.4\%). Los \ácaros incluyeron 4\ taxa: Amerodectes sp. (Mironov, 2008) (14.8\%),\ Harphyrhynchoides sp. (Fain, 1972) (7.4\%), Mesalgoides sp. (Fain,\ 1972) (3.7\%) y Proctophyllodes sp. (Robin, M\égnin, 1877) (3.7\%). Los helmintos gastrointestinales encontrados\ fueron: el c\éstodo Anonchotaenia longiovata (Fuhrmann, 1901) (18\%) y el acantoc\éfalo Mediorhynchus robustus\ (Van Cleave, 1916) (3.7\%). Con excepci\ón de B. boae y M. leistidis, todos los par\ásitos representan nuevos registros\ para esta especie.

}, keywords = {Chile, ectoparasites, gastrointestinal, Helminths, lices, mites}, issn = {1870-3453}, doi = {10.7550/rmb.34112}, url = {http://phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/68840.pdf}, author = {Soto, Marta and L. Moreno and Mar{\'\i}a Soledad Sep{\'u}lveda and John M. Kinsella and Sergey Mironov and Daniel Gonz{\'a}lez-Acu{\~n}a} } @article {68833, title = {Parasites of the Green-backed Firecrown (Sephanoides sephaniodes) in Chile}, journal = {Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad}, volume = {82}, year = {2011}, month = {03/2011}, pages = {1333 - 1336}, type = {Resaerch Note}, abstract = {

Abstract: Gastrointestinal and external parasites from 12 Green\–backed Firecrown (Sephanoides sephaniodes) \ were collected between January 2004 and December 2008 from the Biob\ío Region south\–central Chile and Santiago (central Chile). Helminths collected included 1 trematode species (Mosesia sp.) and 1\ cestode species (Hymenolepis trinidadensis). The mite Proctophyllodes huitzilopchtlii was the only\ ectoparasite species found. All these parasites represent new records for Chile and the first parasites reported for this host species.

Title in Spanish:

Par\ásitos del picaflor chico (Sephanoides sephaniodes) en Chile

Resumen:\ Se recolectaron par\ásitos internos (gastrointestinales) y externos de 12 picaflores\ (Sephanoides sephaniodes) entre enero del 2004 y diciembre del 2008, de la regi\ón del Biob\ío en el\ centro\–sur de Chile y en Santiago, en la regi\ón central de Chile. Los helmintos recolectados incluyeron\ 1 especie de trematodo (Mosesia sp.) y 1 de cestodo (Hymenolepis trinidadensis). \Únicamente se\ encontr\ó 1 especie de ectopar\ásito, el \ácaro Proctophyllodes huitzilopchtlii. Todos los par\ásitos\ mencionados representan nuevos registros para Chile y se registran por primera vez para este\ hospedero.

}, keywords = {birds, Cestodes, Chile, Helminths, mites, trematodes}, issn = {1870-3453 printed, 2007-8706 On-line}, url = {http://phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/68833.pdf}, author = {Daniel Gonz{\'a}lez-Acu{\~n}a and Silva, Carolina and Soto, Marta and Sergey Mironov and L. Moreno and Gonz{\'a}lez-G{\'o}mez, Paulina L. and Badrul, Hasan and John M. Kinsella} } @article {46364, title = {The metazoan parasite community of migrating greater yellowlegs, Tringa melanoleuca, from the Rio Grande Valley, Texas and New Mexico}, journal = {Journal of Parasitology}, volume = {79}, year = {1993}, month = {1993}, pages = {690 - 694}, abstract = {

Forty-eight migrant greater yellowlegs, Tringa melanoleuca, collected from southwestern Texas and southeastern New Mexico were examined for metazoan parasites. Nine helminth and 7 ectoparasite species were collected. Five new host records were recorded. The helminth fauna showed little diversity, little concentration for dominance, and no significant positive or negative associations between species were found. All species of helminths showed a contagious distribution. The component helminth community consisted of 2 core, 3 secondary, and 4 satellite species, and there was no host specialist. A checklist of metazoan parasites reported from greater yellowlegs in North America is included.

}, keywords = {animals, bird, bird diseases, Cestoda, ectoparasite, Helminths, Lice Infestations/epidemiology/parasitology/veterinary, Mallophaga, Mite Infestations/epidemiology/parasitology/veterinary, New Mexico/epidemiology, Prevalence, Seasons, Texas/epidemiology, Tick Infestations/epidemiology/parasitology/veterinary, Trematoda}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.2307/3283606}, url = {https://www.jstor.org/stable/3283606}, author = {Secord,M. L. and Albert G. Canaris} } @article {46185, title = {Arthropod and helminth parasites from the Plains Pocket Gopher, Geomys bursarius bursarius from the hosts{\textquoteright} northern boundary range in Minnesota}, journal = {Journal of Parasitology}, volume = {86}, year = {2000}, month = {2000}, pages = {153 - 156}, abstract = {

As part of a continuing and more general study of the diversity of parasites from subterranean mammals in central North America, individuals of the Plains Pocket Gopher, Geomys bursarius bursarius, were collected from 7 localities in northwestern Minnesota from September 1991 through October 1996. Arthropods collected included the fleas, Opisocrostis bruneri (4 of 124, 3.2\%), Foxella ignota ignota (85 of 124, 68.5\%); the chewing louse, Geomydoecus geomydis geomydis from 98 of 124 (79\%), and larvae of the tick, Dermacentor variabilis (1 of 124, 0.8\%). Nematodes found included Physaloptera limbata (2 of 118 gophers, 1.7\%), Capillaria americana (4 of 118, 3.4\%), and Ransomus rodentorum (31 of 118, 26.3\%). Cestodes recovered included Anoplocephaloides infrequens (12 of 136 gophers, 8.8\%), Anoplocephaloides variabilis (19 of 136, 14\%), Andrya macrocephala (20 of 136, 14.7\%), and Hymenolepis weldensis from 12 of 136, 8.8\%. The acanthocephalan, Moniliformis clarki was found in 1 of 118 gophers (0.8\%). No parasites were found in the cheek pouches, thoracic, or peritoneal cavities.

}, keywords = {Acanthocephala, animals, Arthropods/classification, Cestoda, Dermacentor, ectoparasite, fleas, Helminths, Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/epidemiology/parasitology/veterinary, Mallophaga, Minnesota/epidemiology, Nematoda/isolation \& purification, Prevalence, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t, Rodent Diseases/epidemiology/parasitology, rodentia}, url = {http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1037\&context=parasitologyfacpubs}, author = {Bartel,M. H. and Scott Lyell Gardner} } @article {46110, title = {Parasites of domestic and wild animals in South Africa. XXXIX. Helminth and arthropod parasites of Angora goats in the southern Karoo}, journal = {Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research}, volume = {68}, year = {2001}, note = {LR: 20041117; JID: 0401107; ppublish}, month = {2001}, pages = {27 - 35}, address = {South Africa}, abstract = {

Parasites were collected from 160 Angora goats and kids on the Jansenville Experimental Farm, Eastern Cape Province. Six nematodes were identified to species level and three to generic level. Nematodirus spathiger was the most numerous of the economically important nematodes recovered. It was always present, and fourth stage larvae were collected from untreated goats from August to March, while animals used as tracers also picked up most infection from August to March. Kids born on the farm during October acquired their first nematode infections between 2 and 3 months of age and the intensity of infection increased erratically thereafter to reach a plateau once the kids were 14 months of age. Eight of the nine kids between 3 and 5 months of age and examined between January and March were infected with Moniezia expansa. Five ixodid tick species were collected from the goats of which Rhipicephalus glabroscutatum was the most numerous and prevalent. Its immature stages were present mainly from March to September and adults from July to January. The goats also harboured the biting louse Damalinia limbata and the sucking louse Linognathus africanus. The greatest intensity of infestation with L. africanus occurred on the kids during the first few months of their lives. The larvae of the nasal bot fly, Oestrus ovis were present in kids at 1 month of age, and infestation took place mainly from spring to late summer.

}, keywords = {Age Factors, animals, Arthropods/classification, Diptera, ectoparasite, goat diseases, goats, Helminths, lice, Lice Infestations/epidemiology/parasitology/veterinary, Nematoda/isolation \& purification, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t, Seasons, South Africa, Strongylida/isolation \& purification, Tick Infestations/epidemiology/parasitology/veterinary, ticks}, isbn = {0030-2465}, url = {https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/cfea/45b6a119ca92b00c5259f90fdbd3d9da8355.pdf}, author = {Horak,Ivan G. and Macivor,K. M. and Greeff,C. J.} } @article {45900, title = {Palaeomicrobiology: current issues and perspectives}, volume = {3}, year = {2005}, note = {JID: 101190261; RF: 126; ppublish}, month = {2005}, pages = {23 - 35}, address = {England}, abstract = {

Palaeomicrobiology is an emerging field that is devoted to the detection, identification and characterization of microorganisms in ancient remains. Data indicate that host-associated microbial DNA can survive for almost 20,000 years, and environmental bacterial DNA preserved in permafrost samples has been dated to 400,000-600,000 years. In addition to frozen and mummified soft tissues, bone and dental pulp can also be used to search for microbial pathogens. Various techniques, including microscopy and immunodetection, can be used in palaeomicrobiology, but most data have been obtained using PCR-based molecular techniques. Infections caused by bacteria, viruses and parasites have all been diagnosed using palaeomicrobiological techniques. Additionally, molecular typing of ancient pathogens could help to reconstruct the epidemiology of past epidemics and could feed into current models of emerging infections, therefore contributing to the development of appropriate preventative measures.

}, keywords = {animals, Anoplura, Bacteria/genetics/isolation \& purification, Disease Outbreaks, genetic, genome, Genotype, Helminths, humans, Microbiological Techniques, Microbiology/trends, Molecular Biology, protozoa}, isbn = {1740-1526}, author = {Michel Drancourt and Didier Raoult} } @article {40386, title = {The distribution and seasonal changes of louse populations on impala Aepyceros melampus}, journal = {South African Journal of Wildlife Research}, volume = {28}, year = {1998}, month = {1998}, pages = {22 - 25}, abstract = {

Five louse species were collected from the hides of 45 impala ewes Aepyceros melampus examined in sets of 15 during three sampling periods in the Northern Province, South Africa. These were Damalinia aepycerus, Damalinia elongata, Linognathus aepycerus, Linognathus nevilli and an unidentified Linognathus sp. The aims of the study were to determine whether lice infesting impala exhibit preferences for specific sites on the host\&$\#$39;s body and also to determine the role of season in louse abundance. D. aepycerus was predominantly present on the body and tail. L. aepycerus showed no distinct distribution pattern and L. nevilli was most abundant on the hind feet.

}, keywords = {abundance, animals, arthropod, Helminths, impala, lice, parasite, seasonal, sites, South Africa, Transvaal, warthogs, Western, wild}, url = {https://journals.co.za/content/wild/28/1/EJC117040}, author = {Matthee,Sonja and Horak,Ivan G. and Meltzer,D. G. A.} } @article {40065, title = {Ixodid ticks and lice Infesting red duikers and bushpigs in north-eastern Natal}, journal = {Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research}, volume = {58}, year = {1991}, month = {1991}, pages = {281 - 284}, abstract = {

Eighteen red duikers, Cephalophus natalensis, from the Charters Creek Nature Reserve and 2 from Fanies Island Nature Reserve were processed for arthropod parasite recovery. They harboured 8 species of ixodid ticks and 2 lice species. All were infested with Haemaphysalis parmata and the nymphs of Rhipicephalus muehlensi. Two bushpigs, Potamochoerus porcus, from the Ndumu Nature Reserve, 5 from the Eastern Shores Nature Reserve and 1 from Cape Vidal were examined for ectoparasites. They were infested with 8 ixodid tick species, of which Rhipicephalus maculatus was the most abundant, and with 1 louse species.

}, keywords = {animals, arthropod, Helminths, lowveld, parasite, South Africa, Transvaal, wild}, url = {http://phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/2635.pdf}, author = {Horak,Ivan G. and Boomker,J. and Flamand,J. R. B.} } @article {40060, title = {Ecto- and endoparasites of introduced gemsbok in the Orange Free State}, journal = {South African Journal of Wildlife Research}, volume = {21}, year = {1991}, month = {1991}, pages = {82 - 87}, abstract = {

The gemsbok, Oryx gazella, is an introduced species in the Orange Free State. Two antelope were shot each month in the Willem Pretorius Nature Reserve from February 1987 to January 1988 in order to determine their parasitic burdens. Although none of the gemsbok harboured large burdens, nine ixodid tick species, two louse species, 17 nematode species and a cestode species were recovered. Margaropus winthemi, which was mainly present from July to September, was the most abundant tick, followed by Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi, which showed no clear pattern of seasonal abundance. Young antelope harboured significantly greater numbers of the sucking louse Linognathus oryx than did older animals. Trichostrongylus falculatus was the most numerous nematode, followed by Cooperia fuelleborni. No pattern of seasonal abundance was evident for any of the helminths.

}, keywords = {and, animals, antelope, arthropod, cattle, ectoparasite, Endoparasites, Helminths, introduced, ixodid, oryx gazella, paralysis, parasite, populations, sheep, South Africa, species, ticks, wild}, url = {https://journals.co.za/content/wild/21/3/EJC116876}, author = {Fourie,L. J. and Vrahimis,S. and Horak,Ivan G. and Terblanche,H. J. and Kok,O. B.} } @article {39829, title = {Health status of northern bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus) in eastern Kansas}, journal = {Avian Diseases}, volume = {44}, year = {2000}, month = {2000}, pages = {953 - 956}, abstract = {

The health status of wild northern bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus) from Lyon County, Kansas, was evaluated by conducting comprehensive health assessments on 25 birds. Gross lesions indicative of avian pox, ulcerative enteritis, and quail bronchitis were not present. Serologic tests for antibodies to Salmonella pullorum, Salmonella gallinarum, Pasteurella multocida, Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Mycoplasma synoviae, and avian adenoviruses were all negative. Intestinal coccidia (Eimeria spp.) were found in 36\% of the birds. Only three species of helminth parasites were found: Dispharynx nasuta in two birds, Cyrnea colini in one bird, and larval Physaloptera sp. in four birds. Arthropod parasites (ticks, lice, mites, and/ or chiggers) were present on 96\% of the birds examined. Compared with wild bobwhite populations in the southeastern United States, the diversity, prevalence, and intensities of microbial and parasitic agents were low.

}, keywords = {avian, coccidia, ecology, Florida, Helminths, Kansas, Mycoplasma, northern, parasite, parasitism, Salmonella}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.2307/1593071}, url = {https://www.jstor.org/stable/1593071}, author = {Williams,C. K. and Davidson,R. and Lutz,R. S. and Applegate,R. D.} }