@article {96249, title = {Incidence of Chewing Lice (Phthiraptera: Insecta) From Domestic Fowl Gallus Gallus (Phasianidae: Galliformes: Aves) From Jamshoro and Hyderabad, Districts, Sindh Pakistan}, journal = {University of Sindh Journal of Animal Sciences}, volume = {4}, year = {2020}, month = {Sept 2020}, pages = {10-13}, abstract = {

The chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Insecta) were examined for their population and rate of infestation from Domestic fowl Gallus gallus Linnaeus (Phasianidae: Galliformes: Aves) from Jamshoro and Hyderabad Districts, Sindh, Pakistan during the year 2013-2014. 40 domestic fowls and were observed in four localities of Jamshoro and Hyderabad Districts, including two urban and two rural areas. During the survey, six species of chewing lice were reported from domestic fowl. Their population density on host body was recorded in each month. The data were taken from four localities by random collection method. The prevalence of chewing lice species of Gallus gallus was recorded as 22.43\% of Menacanthus pallidulus, 19.16\% of Lipeurus tropicalis, 19.12\% of Menacanthus stramineus, 16.30\% of Menopon gallinae, 12.19\% of Goniode dissimilis and of 10.76\% of Goniocotes gallinae and Coturnix coturnix with 44.47\% of Cuclotogaster cinereus, 32.64\% of Menacanthus abdominalis and 22.87\% of Menacanthus cornutus.

}, keywords = {Chewing lice, Domestic Fowl Gallus gallus, Hyderabad, Jamshoro, Pakistan, population density}, issn = {(E): 2523-6067, (P): 2521-8328}, url = {https://sujo.usindh.edu.pk/index.php/USJAS/article/view/2899}, author = {Shaikh, Farheen and Naz,Saima and Birmani, Nadir Ali} } @article {95942, title = {Identification of Lice Stored in Alcohol Using MALDI-TOF MS}, journal = {Journal of Medical Entomology}, volume = {58}, year = {2020}, month = {Dec-21-2020}, pages = {1126-1133}, abstract = {

Lice pose major public and veterinary health problems with economic consequences. Their identification is essential and requires the development of an innovative strategy. MALDI-TOF MS has recently been proposed as a quick, inexpensive, and accurate tool for the identification of arthropods. Alcohol is one of the most frequently used storage methods and makes it possible to store samples for long periods at room temperature. Several recent studies have reported that alcohol alters protein profiles resulting from MS analysis. After preliminary studies on frozen lice, the purpose of this research was to evaluate the influence of alcohol preservation on the accuracy of lice identification by MALDI-TOF MS. To this end, lice stored in alcohol for variable periods were submitted for MS analysis and sample preparation protocols were optimized. The reproducibility and specificity of the MS spectra obtained on both these arthropod families allowed us to implement the reference MS spectra database (DB) with protein profiles of seven lice species stored in alcohol. Blind tests revealed a correct identification of 93.9\% of Pediculus humanus corporis (Linnaeus, 1758) and 98.4\% of the other lice species collected in the field. This study demonstrated that MALDI-TOF MS could be successfully used for the identification of lice stored in alcohol for different lengths of time.

R\ésum\é

Les poux posent des probl\èmes majeurs de sant\é publique et v\ét\érinaire, avec des cons\équences \économiques. Leur identification est essentielle et n\écessite le d\éveloppement d\’une strat\égie innovante. Le MALDI-TOF MS a r\écemment \ét\é propos\é comme un outil rapide, peu co\ûteux et pr\écis pour l\’identification des arthropodes. L\’alcool est l\’une des m\éthodes de stockage les plus fr\équemment utilis\ées et permet de conserver les \échantillons pendant de longues p\ériodes \à temp\érature ambiante. Plusieurs \études r\écentes ont rapport\é que l\’alcool modifie les profils prot\éiques r\ésultant de l\’analyse de la SEP. Apr\ès des \études pr\éliminaires sur les poux congel\és, le but de cette recherche \était d\’\évaluer l\’influence de la conservation de l\’alcool sur la pr\écision de l\’identification des poux par la SEP MALDI-TOF. \À cette fin, des poux conserv\és dans l\’alcool pendant des p\ériodes variables ont \ét\é soumis \à l\’analyse de la SEP et les protocoles de pr\éparation des \échantillons ont \ét\é optimis\és. La reproductibilit\é et la sp\écificit\é des spectres de MS obtenus sur ces arthropodes nous ont permis de mettre en \œuvre la base de donn\ées des spectres de MS de r\éf\érence (DB) avec les profils prot\éiques de sept esp\èces de poux stock\és dans l\’alcool. Des tests en aveugle ont r\év\él\é une identification correcte de 93,9\% de Pediculus humanus corporis (Linnaeus, 1758) et de 98,4\% des autres esp\èces de poux collect\ées sur le terrain. Cette \étude a d\émontr\é que le MALDI-TOF MS pouvait \être utilis\é avec succ\ès pour l\’identification des poux stock\és dans l\’alcool pendant diff\érentes dur\ées.

Attached pdf file is preprint copy

}, keywords = {identification, lice, MALDI-TOF MS, storage method}, issn = {0022-2585, 1938-2928}, doi = {10.1093/jme/tjaa266}, url = {https://academic.oup.com/jme/article-abstract/58/3/1126/6042599}, author = {Hanene Benyahia and Basma Ouarti and Adama Zan Diarra and Mehdi Boucheikhchoukh and Mohamed Nadir Meguini and Makhlouf Behidji and Ahmed Benakhla and Parola,Phillipe and Lionel Almeras} } @article {95804, title = {CHEWING LICE (Phthiraptera) FROM CRESTED CARACARA (Caracara plancus, Falconidae) IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL}, journal = {Science and Animal Health}, volume = {7}, year = {2020}, month = {Sep-17-2020}, pages = {172-179}, abstract = {

This study was carried out to detect chewing lice species occurring on Crested Caracara (Caracara plancus) in Southern Brazil between January 2014 and December 2018. For this aim, the road-kill birds were collected for parasitological studies at the Biology Institute, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology of the Federal University of Pelotas. Fourteen road-kill birds were examined for ectoparasites. The birds were washed with water and detergent for the collection of ectoparasites by filtration using a 150 \μm mesh sieve. The samples were separated into pellet and supernatant and were kept in microcentrifuge tubes containing ethyl alcohol 70\% for the screening procedures and identification. A total of 794 specimens of lice were collected and examined, presenting the following breakdown by Amblycera suborder: Colpocephalum flavescens (753/94.84\%), Laemobothrion vulturis (9/1.13\%), and Ischnocera suborder: Caracaricola chimangophilus (30/3.78\%) and Lipeurus sp. (2/0.25\%). It was found that all the caracara examined were parasitized by one or more species of Phthiraptera, with multiple or moderate level of infestation (101 to 1,000 lice/birds). C. flavescens was the most frequent and abundant species with 100\% of the birds parasitized and an average of 53,7 lice/birds.

}, keywords = {Caracara plancus, ectoparasites}, issn = {2318-356X}, doi = {10.15210/sah.v7i3.16384}, url = {https://periodicos.ufpel.edu.br/ojs2/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/16384}, author = {Oliveira, Pl{\'\i}nio Aguiar and Ruas, J.L. and dos Santos, L.S.S. and Martins, Nat{\'a}lia Soares and Da Motta, Sara Patron and Santos, Carolina Caetano dos and Pappen, Felipe Geraldo and Farias, N.A.R.} } @mastersthesis {95667, title = {Do parasitic lice exhibit endemism in paralell with their avian hosts? A comparison across northern amazonian areas of endemism}, volume = {Master}, year = {2020}, month = {July 2020}, pages = {32 pp}, school = {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amaz{\^o}nia - INPA}, type = {Master in Biology}, address = {Manaus, Brazil}, abstract = {

Areas of endemism are the smallest units in biogeography and can be defined as biologically unique areas comprised of taxa with common geographic limits to their distributions. High beta diversity within Amazonia is often related to turnover among these areas. For decades, evolutionary biologists have tried to comprehend the mechanisms generating and maintaining the spatial structure and high diversity of free-living Amazonian organisms, particularly birds. However, few studies have tried to analyze these patterns among their parasites. Host and parasite associations involve shared history that may allow us to better understand the fine-scale evolutionary history of the host. Here, we compare the coevolutionary patterns among 2 avian host species with distinct patterns of genetic structure in northern Amazonia, Dendrocincla fuliginosa (Aves: Dendrocolaptidae) and Dixiphia pipra (Aves: Pipridae) and their ectoparasitic lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera), Furnaricola sp. ex Dendrocincla fuliginosa, Myrsidea sp. ex Dixiphia pipra and Tyranniphilopterus sp. ex Dixiphia pipra. We obtained sequences of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase subunit I from hosts and parasites collected on opposite banks of the Negro and Japur\á Rivers, which delimit 3 areas of endemism in northern Amazonia: Napo, Jau, and Guiana. Our results demonstrate that the Negro River is a geographical barrier for both Furnaricola sp. and its avian host, Dendrocincla fuliginosa. Phylogenies of both the hosts, Dendrocincla fuliginosa, and the parasites, Furnaricola sp., show monophyletic clades on opposite margins of the river that are not sister taxa. These clades have a mean uncorrected p-distance of 17.8\% for Rallicola sp., and 6.0\% for Dendrocincla fuliginosa. Thus, these parasite clades constitute distinct evolutionary lineages and may even be distinct species. In contrast, Dixiphia pipra has no population structure associated with either river. Accordingly, data from their lice Myrsidea sp. indicates weak support for different clades on opposite margins of the Negro River, whereas data from their lice Tyranniphilopterus sp. indicates weak structure across the Japur\á. This study is a first step towards understanding the effects of biogeographic history on permanent ectoparasites and suggests that host biogeographic history is to some extent a determinant of the parasite\&$\#$39;s history. Furthermore, the parasite\&$\#$39;s evolutionary history is an additional source of information about their hosts\&$\#$39; evolution in this highly diverse region of Northern Amazonia.

Resumo

\Áreas de endemismo s\ão as menores unidades biogeogr\áficas e podem ser definidas como \áreas biologicamente \únicas compostas por t\áxons com limites de distribui\ç\ão comum. Alta beta diversidade dentro da Amaz\ônia \é frequentemente relacionado ao turnover entre essas \áreas. Por d\écadas, evolucionistas tentaram compreender o mecanismo que mant\ém e gera a estrutura espacial e alta diversidade dos organismos de vida livre da Amaz\ônia, especialmente as aves. Por\ém, poucos estudos tentaram analisar esse padr\ão entre seus parasitos. A associa\ç\ão hospedeiro-parasito envolve hist\ória compartilhada que que pode permitir uma melhor compreens\ão da fina escala evolutiva da hist\ória do hospedeiro. Neste artigo, comparamos o padr\ão coevolutivo entre 2 esp\écies de aves hospedeiras com padr\ões gen\éticos estruturais distintos do norte da Amaz\ônia, Dendrocincla fuliginosa (Aves: Dendrocolaptidae) e Dixiphia pipra (Aves: Pipridae) e seus piolhos ectoparasitas (Insecta: Phthiraptera), Furnaricola sp. ex Dendrocincla fuliginosa, Myrsidea sp. ex Dixiphia pipra e Tyranniphilopterus sp. ex Dixiphia pipra. Foram obtidos sequ\ências da cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) do gene mitocondrial dos hospedeiros e parasitos coletados das ambas as margens do Rio Negro e do Rio Japur\á, os quais delimitam 3 \áreas de endemismo no norte da Amaz\ônia: Napo, Ja\ú e Guiana. Os resultados demonstram que o Rio Negro \é uma barreira geogr\áfica tanto para furnaricola sp. e seu hospedeiro Dendrocincla fuliginosa. A Filogenia tanto do hopedeiro, Dendrocincla fuliginosa, e do seu parasito, Furnaricola sp., demonstram clados monofil\éticos em ambas as margens do rio que n\ão s\ão t\áxons irm\ãs. Esse clados apresentam um dist\ância-p de 17.8\% para Rallicola sp. e 6.0\% para Dendrocincla fuliginosa. Deste modo, estes clados dos parasitas constituem linhagens evolutivas distintas e podem at\é ser esp\écies diferentes. Ao contr\ário, Dixiphia pipra, apresenta nenhuma estrutura\ç\ão populacional associada aos rios. Conformemente, dados do piolho Myrsidea sp. indicam baixo suporte para a presen\ça de clados distintos em ambas as margens do Rio Negro, e dos piolhos Tyranniphilopterus sp. indicam baixa estrutura\ç\ão atrav\és do Rio Japur\á. Este estudo \é o primeiro passo para a compreens\ão dos efeitos da hist\ória biogeogr\áfica em ectoparasitas permanentes e sugere que a biogeografia do hospedeiro \é, at\é certo ponto, um determinante da hist\ória do parasito. Al\ém disso, a hist\ória evolutiva do parasito \é uma fonte extra de informa\ç\ão sobre a evolu\ç\ão do hospedeiro nesta regi\ão altamente diversa do norte da Amaz\ônia.

Palavras-chave: Piolho, coevolu\ç\ão, biogeografia, aves, Amaz\ônia, Rio Negro, Endemismo

}, keywords = {Amazonia, Biogeography, birds, coevolution, Dendrocincla fuliginosa, Dixiphia pipra, endemism, lice, Negro River, Tyranniphilopterus sp.}, url = {https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/33607}, author = {Amo{\^e}do, Mirna} } @article {95663, title = {Ectoparasites of domesticated animals in a rural Barangay, Davao City, Mindanao Island, Philippines}, journal = {Serangga}, volume = {25}, year = {2020}, pages = {118-130}, abstract = {

As the re-emergence of maladies in humans caused by bacterial species continues, the need to identify and determine possible routes of infection of bacterial pathogens is necessary. Special focus on the contribution of ectoparasites that infest domesticated animals appears timely especially in suburban or rural settings where domesticated animals form part of their communities. It is for this purpose that infested domesticated animals and their associated ectoparasites of a rural community in Davao City, Mindanao, Philippines were accounted. Ectoparasites were sourced from domesticated animals with hair, feather, and fur and were extracted manually from the hosts and identified based on morphological features. Fifty host domesticated animals were inspected, 41 of which were infested with ectoparasites. A total of 433 individuals of ectoparasites were found: 87 (in chicken), 199 (in dogs), 94 (in cat), nine (in dove), and 44 (in goat) representing 10 species. Except for goats, 41\% of the domesticated animals were infested with more than one species of ectoparasite. Ten species of ectoparasites were identified with lice species dominating the pool of ectoparasites identified: Lice- 8; flea - 1; tick -1. All host domesticated animals were infested with at least one louse species while ticks were found only in dogs, and the flea species extracted only from dogs and cats. Data suggest the differential distribution of ectoparasites among domesticated animals in this rural barangay. Moreover, ectoparasites may transfer from one domesticated animal to another given the occurrence of several ectoparasite species in more than one inspected domesticated animal.

ABSTRAK

Apabila kemunculan semula penyakit malaria pada manusia yang disebabkan oleh spesies bakteria terus berlaku, keperluan untuk mengenal pasti dan menentukan kemungkinan jangkitan patogen bakteria adalah diperlukan. Tumpuan khusus terhadap peranan ektoparasit yang menjangkiti haiwan domestikasi muncul tepat pada masanya terutama di kawasan sub urban atau luar bandar di mana haiwan domestikasi dijadikan sebahagian daripada komuniti manusia. Untuk tujuan ini, haiwan domestikasi dan ektoparasit yang berkaitan dengan masyarakat luar bandar di Davao City, Mindanao, Filipina telah diambil kira. Ektoparasit diperolehi daripada haiwan domestikasi dari rambut, sayap, dan bulu dan diekstrak secaramanual dari perumah dan dikenal pasti berdasarkan ciri morfologi. Sebanyak 50 haiwan domestikasi diperiksa, 41 daripadanya telah dijangkiti oleh ektoparasit. Sebanyak 433 individu ektoparasit ditemui: 87 (pada ayam), 199 (pada anjing), 94 (pada kucing), sembilan (pada merpati), dan 44 (pada kambing) mewakili 10 spesies. Kecuali untuk kambing, 41\% daripada haiwan domestikasi dipenuhi lebih daripada satu spesies ektoparasit. Sepuluh spesies ektoparasit telah dikenalpasti dengan spesies kutu yang menguasai kumpulan ektoparasit yang dikenal pasti: Kutu-8; hama - 1; sengkenit -1. Kesemua haiwan domestikasi di infestasi dengan sekurang-kurangnya satu spesies kutu manakala sengkenit hanya terdapat pada anjing, dan spesies hama diekstrak hanya dari anjing dan kucing. Data menunjukkan wujud perbezaan taburan ektoparasit di kalangan haiwan domestikasi di kawasan barangay. Selain itu, ektoparasit boleh dipindahkan dari satu haiwan domestikasi kepada yang lain memandangkan berlakunya beberapa spesies ektoparasit dalam lebih daripada satu haiwan yang diperiksa.

Kata kunci: Penyakit, mikrobiologi, parasit, haiwan peliharaan, zoonosis

}, keywords = {disease, microbiology, parasites, pets, zoonosis}, issn = {394-5130}, url = {https://ejournals.ukm.my/serangga/article/view/35612}, author = {Elsa May Delima-Baron and Cyrell Ann S. Ruales} } @article {95659, title = {Chewing lice parasitic on little egret Egretta garzetta birds collected from Al-Diwaniyah Province, Iraq}, journal = {EurAsian Journal of BioSciences}, volume = {14}, year = {2020}, month = {June 2020}, pages = {1915-1918}, abstract = {

This study was carried out to determine chewing lice species of Little egret (Egretta garzetta) birds for the period from April until July 2019 for this aim a total of 89 specimens were collected from different parts in Al-Diwaniyah province /Iraq. Five species of chewing lice recorded in this study were: Ciconiphilus decimfasciatus, Pseudomenopon pilosum, Ardeicola expallidus, Menopon galline and Austromenopon transversum. Results of this study showed no significant differences were recorded at (P \≥ 0.05) between both genders of birds in infestation rate with chewing lice while a significant differences was recorded at (P\≤0.05) in infestation type, the double infestation was the highest (47.05\%) followed by single and triple infestation rate (35.29) and (17.64) respectively.

}, keywords = {Al-Diwaniyah province, Chewing lice, Iraq, little egret}, url = {https://eds.s.ebscohost.com/eds/detail/detail?vid=14\&sid=89d72914-109b-4e41-af7a-21ae2ec2e62f\%40redis\&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLWxpdmU\%3d$\#$AN=146289380\&db=a9h}, author = {Hussam Saeed Al-Aredhi} } @article {95547, title = {Some chewing lice (Phthiraptera) species as ectoparasites infested aquatic birds with a new record of three species from Al-Sanaf marsh/ southern Iraq}, journal = {Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences}, volume = {34}, year = {2020}, month = {Jan-01-2020}, pages = {173-180}, abstract = {

The present study was carried out to determine additional chewing lice of aquatic birds and additional data on the prevalence of chewing lice in aquatic birds found on the Southern marshes of Iraq. Sixty-nine of different species of aquatic birds were randomly collected and examined for chewing lice in Al-Sanaf marsh, which is located in Thi-Qar province / Southern Iraq, between October 2016 and February 2017, the lice placed in tubes containing 70\% ethanol after that they cleared, mounted and identified according to morphological features. Twenty-five (36.23\%) out of 69 aquatic birds were infested with chewing lice, a total of six lice species were identified from birds in the current study included Piagetiella titan and Pectinopygus forficulatus infested White Pelican Pelecanus onocrotalus, Actornithophilus piceus lari infested Slender-billed Gull Larus geni, Actornithophilus himantopi infested Black-Winged stilt Himantopus himantopus, Rallicola fulicae isolated from coot Fulica atra and Rallicola parani infested moorhen Gallinula chloropus. Three lice species: Pectinopygus forficulatus, Rallicola fulicae and Rallicola parani were recorded in current study for the first time in Iraq. We need further investigations of Phthiraptera fauna are very important, not only to complete the list, but also to provide information about parasite-host vector relationships and phylogenetic relation among species

}, keywords = {Al-Sanaf marsh, aquatic birds, Chewing lice, Southern Iraq}, issn = {2071-1255}, doi = {10.33899/ijvs.2019.125721.1139}, url = {https://vetmedmosul.com/article_164348.html}, author = {Zainab Abd-Ali Mohammad} } @article {95541, title = {To the fauna of chewing lice (Phthiraptera) of birds in the Lower Don region, Russia. Non-Passeriformes. Part 2}, journal = {Caucasian Entomological Bulletin}, volume = {16}, year = {2020}, pages = {67-78}, abstract = {

Paper in Russian

Title: К фауне пухоедов (Phthiraptera) птиц Нижнего Дона, Россия. Пухоеды неворобьиных. Часть 2

Резюме. Исследование посвящено изучению фауны пухоедов птиц Нижнего Дона и является продолжением серии опубликованных ранее работ по этой теме . Материалом для него послужили многолетние сборы (2001\–2019) пухоедов с птиц на изучаемой территории. Представлены результаты определения пухоедов с 322 зараженных птиц (из 441 осмотренных), принадлежащих к 37\  видам неворобьиных из 5\  отрядов: Anseriformes\  (4), Apodiformes\  (1), Charadriiformes\  (22),\  Columbiformes\  (5), Coraciiformes\  (2), Pelicaniformes\  (1) и Podicipediformes (2\  вида). Идентифицировано 54\  вида пухоедов, принадлежащих к семействам Menoponidae и Philopteridae. Из них 16\  видов впервые указано для территории России: Bonomiella columbae Emerson, 1957, B.\  concii Eichler, 1947, Eidmanniella pellucida (Rudow, 1869), Meromenopon incisum (Giebel, 1874), Acidoproctus moschatae (Linnaeus, 1758), Campanulotes drosti Eichler, 1950, Capraiella subcuspidata (Burmeister, 1838), Columbicola bacillus (Giebel, 1866), Cummingsiella aurea Hopkins, 1949, Lunaceps actophilus (Kellogg et Chapman, 1899), L. falcinellus Timmermann, 1954, Pectinopygus gyricornis (Denny, 1842) , Rhynonirmus helvolus (Burmeister, 1838), Quadraceps anagrapsus (Nitzsch, 1866), Q.\  phaeonotus (Nitzsch, 1866), Saemundssonia laticaudata (Rudow, 1869). Приведены фотографии наиболее интересных видов. Обнаружена новая паразито-хозяинная связь: Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, 1780) на черноголовом хохотуне Larus ichthyaetus Pallas, 1773. Для получивших статус вида хохотуньи Larus cachinnans (Pallas, 1811) и средиземноморской чайки Larus michahellis (J.F. Naumann, 1840) формально подтверждены виды пухоедов, характерные для серебристой чайки Larus argentatus Pontoppidan, 1763: Austromenopon transversum Z{\l}otorzycka, 1968 и Actornithophilus piceus (Denny, 1842).

Ключевые слова: пухоеды, Phthiraptera, Amblycera, Ischnocera, неворобьиные, юг европейской части России.

Abstract: The aim of this work is to study the fauna of chewing lice in birds of the Lower Don region, Russia. The paper continues our previous investigations. Chewing lice were collected in 2001\–2019. In total, 441 birds of 37 species from five orders of non-passerines were examined: Anseriformes (4), Apodiformes (1), Charadriiformes (22), Columbiformes (5), Coraciiformes (2), Pelicaniformes (1) and Podicipediformes (2 species). Fifty four species of chewing lice belonging to the families Menoponidae and Philopteridae were collected from 322\  birds and identified. Among them 16\  species of chewing lice are recorded for the fauna of Russia for the first time: Bonomiella columbae Emerson, 1957, B. concii Eichler, 1947, Eidmanniella pellucida (Rudow, 1869), Meromenopon incisum (Giebel, 1874), Acidoproctus moschatae (Linnaeus, 1758), Campanulotes drosti Eichler, 1950, Capraiella subcuspidata (Burmeister, 1838), Columbicola bacillus (Giebel, 1866), Cummingsiella aurea Hopkins, 1949, Lunaceps\  actophilus (Kellogg et Chapman, 1899), L.\  falcinellus Timmermann, 1954 , Pectinopygus\  gyricornis (Denny, 1842), Rhynonirmus helvolus (Burmeister, 1838), Quadraceps anagrapsus (Nitzsch, 1866), Q.\  phaeonotus (Nitzsch, 1866), Saemundssonia laticaudata (Rudow, 1869). Some of these species are illustrated in the paper. We also found one new host record: Saemundssonia lari (Fabricius, 1780) from Larus ichthyaetus Pallas, 1773. Austromenopon transversum Z{\l}otorzycka, 1968 and Actornithophilus piceus (Denny, 1842) are formally confirmed for recently separated two species of birds, Larus michahellis (J.F. Naumann, 1840) and Larus cachinnans (Pallas, 1811

}, keywords = {Chewing lice, non-passeriformes, south of European part of Russia.}, url = {https://www.ssc-ras.ru/en/editions/ceb_volume_16_issue_1_2020/}, author = {O.D. Malysheva and A. V. Zabashta and Tolstenkov, Oleg O.} } @article {95521, title = {Ectoparasites (Phthiraptera) de quelques oiseaux de la ville de Kinshasa}, journal = {Malimbus}, volume = {42}, year = {2020}, month = {04-2020}, pages = {1-6}, abstract = {

R\ésum\é

Un inventaire syst\ématique des ectoparasites des oiseaux de la ville de Kinshasa a \ét\é r\éalis\é pour la premi\ère fois. Les r\ésultats ont montr\é la pr\ésence de poux mallophages (Phthiraptera): Myrsidea balati sur quatre esp\èces d\’oiseaux, Columbicola columbae et Menacanthus stramineus chacun sur deux esp\èces, Ardeicola ciconiae sur trois esp\èces, et Goniodes sp., Ciconiphilus decimfasciatus, Ardeicola ciconiae et Cuculiphilu s sp. chacune sur une seule esp\èce d\’oiseau. Le H\éron garde-b\œufs Bubulcus ibis semble l\’oiseau le plus parasit\é parmi les sept esp\èces d\’oiseaux \étudi\ées.

English title: Ectoparasites (Phthiraptera) of some birds of Kinshasa city

A first systematic inventory of bird ectoparasites was carried out in the city of Kinshasa, revealing the presence of the following feather lice (Phthiraptera): Myrsidea balati on four bird species, Columbicola columbae and Menacanthus stramineus on two species each, Ardeicola ciconiae on three species, and Goniodes sp., Ciconiphilus decimfasciatus, Ardeicola ciconiae and Cuculiphilus sp. each on a single species. The Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis seems the most parasitised bird among the seven bird species studied.

}, url = {http://www.malimbus.org/en/contents/tocm42.html}, author = {Robert Kisasa_Kafutshi and Christian Bansomire and Divin V. Malekani} } @book {95279, title = {Vectors and Vector Borne Diseases: Morphological and Molecular Diagnosis, Risk Assessment, Population Genetics and Control Strategies}, year = {2020}, pages = {321 - 343}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, organization = {Springer International Publishing}, address = {Cham}, abstract = {

Vector-borne diseases are transmitted through arthropods and new associations between them and pathogens are continually being described. In the present study, authors briefly address their research areas, reporting multiple collaboration studies and major findings achieved by the CIISA\’s Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases team and its partners over the past few years. Starting with Culicoides, their importance as vectors of animal/human diseases, the description of new species and also species modelling as disease surveillance is discussed. Studies on national lice species in wild birds raise awareness to a so far neglected group, evincing known records and new contributions towards a better knowledge. Tick and tick-borne pathogen studies over the years have contributed to a national portrait of species geographic and seasonal distribution and to pathogen endemic associations, describing most common public and veterinary health threats. In this regard, morphology identification strategies are enounced and molecular markers used considered. Due to a reported rise in prevalence, piroplasms impact is particularly focused as a major concern for cattle production industry sector. A national overview concerning Theileria and Babesia prevalence inferences and diagnosis specificities are reviewed. Ultimately, a national Dirofilaria immitis and Angiostrongylus vasorum epidemiological update is given while diagnosis and treatment options are debated.

}, keywords = {Control, Diagnosis, Portugal, Risk-assessment, VBDs}, isbn = {978-3-030-61980-0}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-61981-7_18}, url = {https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-61981-7_18}, author = {D. W. Ramilo and A. M. Alho and J. Gomes and M. Santos and A. S. Santos and M. Santos-Silva and G. Alexandre-Pires and J. Meireles and Andr{\'e} Filipe Ven Tom{\'a}s and S. Z{\'u}quete and A. Amaro and S. Belo and M. Schnyder and P. Deplazes and Maria Teresa Rebelo and Madeira-de-Carvalho, L. and Isabel Pereira da Fonseca}, editor = {Freitas-Duarte, Antonio and Lopes-da-Costa, Lu{\'\i}s} } @article {95278, title = {Chewing Lice of Fregata magnificens with First Record of Fregatiella aurifasciata (Phthiraptera: Amblycera) in Brazil}, journal = {Journal of Parasitology}, volume = {106}, year = {2020}, month = {12-2020}, pages = {828{\textendash}834}, abstract = {

The genus Fregata includes 5 species, with 3 recorded in Brazil, with Fregata magnificens being the most abundant. However, its ectoparasitic fauna is still little known. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of ectoparasites of F. magnificens residing along the coast of Rio de Janeiro and S\ão Paulo collected by 2 animal rehabilitation centers. Samples were collected from 5 frigatebirds of the Instituto Argonauta in S\ão Paulo and 10 frigatebirds of the Centro de Recupera\ç\ão de Animais Selvagens (CRAS) in Rio de Janeiro. Species of lice were identified using both morphological and molecular methods. Scanning electron microscopy was also used for identification. Colpocephalum spineum, Fregatiella aurifasciata, and Pectinopygus fregatiphagus were identified. All 3 louse species have previously been recorded from this host outside Brazil, but only P. fregatiphagus has been recorded from Brazil. This paper reports the first occurrence of F. aurifasciata and C. spineum in Brazil. It is also the first record of P. fregatiphagus in the state of Rio de Janeiro.

}, keywords = {Brazil, ectoparasite, First Record, lice, Seabird.}, doi = {10.1645/19-184}, url = {https://bioone.org/journals/journal-of-parasitology/volume-106/issue-6/19-184/Chewing-Lice-of-Fregata-magnificens-with-First-Record-of-Fregatiella/10.1645/19-184.full}, author = {Magda Antonello and Rubem F. S. Menna_Barreto and Daniela Leles and J. R. Pires and Beatriz Brener} } @article {95246, title = {Phylogenomics of parasitic and non-parasitic lice (Insecta: Psocodea): Combining sequence data and Exploring compositional bias solutions in Next Generation Datasets}, journal = {Systematic Biology}, year = {2020}, month = {09-2020}, type = {Advance article, pre-print}, abstract = {

The insect order Psocodea is a diverse lineage comprising both parasitic (Phthiraptera) and non-parasitic members (Psocoptera). The extreme age and ecological diversity of the group may be associated with major genomic changes, such as base compositional biases expected to affect phylogenetic inference. Divergent morphology between parasitic and non-parasitic members has also obscured the origins of parasitism within the order. We conducted a phylogenomic analysis on the order Psocodea utilizing both transcriptome and genome sequencing to obtain a data set of 2,370 orthologous genes. All phylogenomic analyses, including both concatenated and coalescent methods suggest a single origin of parasitism within the order Psocodea, resolving conflicting results from previous studies. This phylogeny allows us to propose a stable ordinal level classification scheme that retains significant taxonomic names present in historical scientific literature and reflects the evolution of the group as a whole. A dating analysis, with internal nodes calibrated by fossil evidence, suggests an origin of parasitism that predates the K-Pg boundary. Nucleotide compositional biases are detected in third and first codon positions and result in the anomalous placement of the Amphientometae as sister to Psocomorpha when all nucleotide sites are analyzed. Likelihood-mapping and quartet sampling methods demonstrate that base compositional biases can also have an effect on quartet-based methods.

Attachment 95246.pdf file is an Advance article, pre-print

Printed version is also attached.

}, keywords = {Illumina, Phthiraptera, Psocoptera, Quartet sampling, Recoding methods}, issn = {1063-5157}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syaa075}, url = {https://academic.oup.com/sysbio/article/70/4/719/5912026}, author = {Robert S. de_Moya and Kazunori Yoshizawa and Kimberly K. O. Walden and Andrew D. Sweet and Christopher H. Dietrich and Kevin P. Johnson} } @article {95244, title = {External and gastrointestinal parasites of the Franklin{\textquoteright}s Gull, Leucophaeus pipixcan (Charadriiformes: Laridae), in Talcahuano, central Chile}, journal = {Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterin{\'a}ria}, volume = {29}, year = {2020}, month = {12-2020}, type = {Epub e016420}, abstract = {

Parasitological studies of the Franklin\&$\#$39;s gull, Leucophaeus pipixcan, are scarce, and knowledge about its endoparasites is quite limited. In order to describe its parasitic community, a total of 60 Franklin\’s gulls were captured in the coastal area in central Chile, using modified Bal-chatri traps. Ectoparasites were collected from all 60 live individuals through inspection of their plumage, while 30 were examined for endoparasites by standard parasitological necropsy. The prevalence of ectoparasites was 78.3\%, including the feather mite Zachvatkinia larica (43.3\%) and four species of lice: Actornithophilus piceus lari (15.0\%), Austromenopon transversum (6.7\%), Quadraceps punctatus (10.0\%) and Saemundssonia lari (46.7\%). Some 25 of 30 (83.3\%) of birds necropsied were parasitized with the following helminths: Aporchis sp. (6.7\%), Tetrabothrius cylindraceus (56.7\%), Cyclophyllidea gen. sp. (3.3\%), Profilicollis altmani (56.7\%), Eucoleus contortus (10.0\%), Cosmocephalus obvelatus (13.3\%), Paracuaria adunca (10.0\%), Stegophorus sp. (3.3\%) and Tetrameres skrjabini (3.3\%). To our knowledge, with the exception of P. altmani, these helminths are reported for first time in the Franklin\&$\#$39;s gull.

Spanish title: Parasitas externos e gastrointestinais da gaivota de Franklin Leucophaeus pipixcan (Charadriiformes: Laridae) em Talcahuano, Chile central

Resumo

Existem escassos estudos de parasitismo em gaivota-de-Franklin Leucophaeus pipixcan, e o conhecimento sobre seus endoparasitas \é ainda mais limitado. Com o objetivo de descrever sua comunidade parasitaria, um total de 60 gaivotas-de-Franklin foram capturadas usando-se armadilhas Bal-chatri numa zona costeira do centro do Chile. A pesquisa de ectoparasitas foi realizada em todos os indiv\íduos capturados e, para os endoparasitas, foram examinados 30 deles por necropsias. A preval\ência de ectoparasitas foi de 78,3\%, inclu\índo o \ácaro de pena Zachvatkinia larica (43,3\%) e outras quatro esp\écies de piolhos, Actornithophilus piceus lari (15,0\%), Austromenopon transversum (6,7\%), Quadraceps punctatus (10,0\%) e Saemundssonia lari (46,7\%). Das aves necropsiadas, 83,3\% estavam parasitadas por helmintos, sendo registrados Aporchis sp. (6,7\%), Tetrabothrius cylindraceus (56,7\%), Cyclophyllidea gen. sp. (3,3\%), Profilicollis altmani (56,7\%), Eucoleus contortus (10,0\%), Cosmocephalus obvelatus (13,3\%), Paracuaria adunca (10,0\%), Stegophorus sp. (3,3\%) e Tetrameres skrjabini (3,3\%). Com exce\ç\ão de P. altmani, este \é o primeiro relato desses helmintos parasitando gaivotas-de-Franklin.

Palavras-chave:\  Acari; aves marinhas; helmintos; Phthiraptera; Laridae

}, keywords = {Acari, helminth, Leucophaeus pipixcan, seabirds}, issn = {0103-846X}, doi = {10.1590/s1984-29612020091}, url = {http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext\&pid=S1984-29612020000400324\&tlng=en}, author = {Daniel Gonz{\'a}lez-Acu{\~n}a and Joseline Veloso-Fr{\'\i}as and Cristian Missene and Pablo Oyarz{\'u}n-Ruiz and Fuentes, Danny and John M. Kinsella and Sergey Mironov and Carlos Barrientos and Armando Conrado Cicchino and L. Moreno} } @article {95208, title = {Ectoparasites and Intestinal Helminths of Pigeons in Medina, Saudi Arabia}, journal = {Journal of Parasitology}, volume = {106}, year = {2020}, month = {11-2020}, pages = {721-729}, abstract = {

The prevalence of ectoparasites and intestinal helminths of different pigeon taxa in Medina, Saudi Arabia, with special emphasis on the feral pigeon, Columba livia domestica (Columbiformes: Columbidae), was evaluated. Fifty-four pigeons were examined externally for ectoparasites and 28 feral pigeons were examined for helminths. Two ectoparasites were recorded on feral C. l. domestica (Harami) pigeons, including the shaft louse Menopon gallinae (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae), and the pigeon fly, Pseudolynchia canariensis (Diptera: Hippoboscidae), with 100 and 88.90\% prevalence, respectively. Ectoparasites were also collected from 5 other breeds of C. l. domestica (Pakistani, Farensi, Turki, Kori, and Qatifi). Menopon gallinae infected Pakistani, Farensi, and Turki pigeons with 100\% prevalence. A third ectoparasite, the brown poultry louse, Goniodes dissimilis (Psocodea: Philopteridae), infected Farensi, Turki, and Kori pigeons at rates of 100, 50, and 50\%, respectively. Qatifi pigeons were not infected with any ectoparasites. Two types of intestinal helminths were recovered from feral pigeons: cestodes of Raillietina spp. (Cyclophyllidea: Davaineidae) and nematodes of Ascaridia sp. (Ascaridida: Ascaridiidae) (with 10.71 and 3.57\% prevalences, respectively). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to shed light on the parasites of pigeons in Medina, Saudi Arabia.

Comment on misidentification of louse species see Bush et al (2021), A Misidentification Crisis Plagues Specimen-Based Research: A Case for Guidelines with a Recent Example (Ali et al., 2020): https://bioone.org/journals/journal-of-parasitology/volume-107/issue-2/21-4/A-Misidentification-Crisis-Plagues-Specimen-Based-Research--A-Case/10.1645/21-4.short or http://phthiraptera.info/node/95379

}, keywords = {Ascaridia, ectoparasites, Intestinal Helminths, Pigeons, Pseudolynchia canariensis, Raillietina, Saudi Arabia}, doi = {10.1645/20-64}, url = {https://bioone.org/journals/journal-of-parasitology/volume-106/issue-6/20-64/Ectoparasites-and-Intestinal-Helminths-of-Pigeons-in-Medina-Saudi-Arabia/10.1645/20-64.full}, author = {Medhat Ali and Reda Ibrahim and Saeed Alahmadi and Hayam Elshazly} } @article {95207, title = {Insect ectoparasites from wild passerine birds in the Azores Islands}, journal = {Parasite}, volume = {27}, year = {2020}, month = {11-2020}, pages = {16 pp}, abstract = {

A total of 266 wild passerine birds (Passeriformes) representing eight species and nine subspecies from three islands of the Archipelago of the Azores were examined for ectoparasites. Two species of louse-flies Ornithomya avicularia and Ornithoica turdi (Diptera: Hippoboscidae), three species of fleas Ceratophyllus gallinae, Ceratophyllus sp. and Dasypsyllus gallinulae (Siphonaptera: Ceratophyllidae), and 11 species of chewing lice belonging to the genera Menacanthus, Myrsidea (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae), Ricinus (Phthiraptera: Ricinidae), Brueelia, Guimaraesiella, Philopterus, Sturnidoecus and Turdinirmus (Phthiraptera: Philopteridae) were recorded. At least one species of ectoparasite was found on 114 birds of six species. Guimaraesiella tovornikae and Myrsidea sylviae from Sylvia atricapilla are redescribed. Records of Ceratophyllus sp. and Sturnidoecus sp. from Turdus merula represent new parasite-host associations. Phoresy of Guimaraesiella amsel on Ornithoica turdi was also found. Parasitological parameters such as prevalence, intensity and abundance and geographic distribution of recorded ectoparasites are provided.

French\  title: Insectes ectoparasites de passereaux sauvages aux A\çores

R\ésum\é

Un total de 266 passereaux sauvages (Passeriformes) de trois \îles de l\’archipel des A\çores, repr\ésentant huit esp\èces et neuf sous-esp\èces, ont \ét\é examin\és pour la recherche d\’ectoparasites. Deux esp\èces de mouches-araign\ées, Ornithomya avicularia et Ornithoica turdi (Diptera : Hippoboscidae), trois esp\èces de puces, Ceratophyllus gallinae, Ceratophyllus sp. et Dasypsyllus gallinulae (Siphonaptera : Ceratophyllidae), et onze esp\èces de mallophages appartenant aux genres Menacanthus, Myrsidea (Phthiraptera : Menoponidae), Ricinus (Phthiraptera : Ricinidae), Brueelia, Guimaraesiella, Philopterus, Sturnidoecus et Turdinirmus (Phthiraptera : Philopteridae) sont signal\ées. Au moins une esp\èce d\’ectoparasite a \ét\é trouv\ée sur 114 oiseaux de six esp\èces. Guimaraesiella tovornikae et Myrsidea sylviae, de Sylvia atricapilla, sont red\écrits. Les signalements de Ceratophyllus sp. et Sturnidoecus sp. chez Turdus merula repr\ésentent de nouvelles associations parasites-h\ôtes. La phor\ésie de Guimaraesiella amsel sur Ornithoica turdi a \également \ét\é trouv\ée. Les param\ètres parasitologiques des ectoparasites signal\és, tels que la pr\évalence, l\&$\#$39;intensit\é, l\&$\#$39;abondance et la r\épartition g\éographique, sont fournis.

}, keywords = {Chewing lice, flea, Guimaraesiella amsel, Guimaraesiella tovornikae, Guimaraesiella tristis, Hippoboscida, louse-fl, Myrsidea sylviae, Passeriforme, Philopterus gustafssoni, Phoresy, Siphonaptera, Turdinirmus merulensis}, doi = {10.1051/parasite/2020063}, url = {https://www.parasite-journal.org/10.1051/parasite/2020063}, author = {Lucie Oslejskova and Sarka Kounkova and Daniel R Gustafsson and Resendes, Roberto and Pedro Rodrigues and Ivan Liter{\'a}k and Old{\v r}ich Sychra} } @article {95205, title = {Diversity and host associations of Myrsidea chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) in the tropical rainforest of Malaysian Borneo}, journal = {International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife}, volume = {13}, year = {2020}, month = {12-2020}, pages = {231 - 247}, abstract = {

The tropical rainforests of Sundaland are a global biodiversity hotspot increasingly threatened by human activities. While parasitic insects are an important component of the ecosystem, their diversity and parasite-host relations are poorly understood in the tropics. We investigated parasites of passerine birds, the chewing lice of the speciose genus Myrsidea Waterston, 1915 (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) in a natural rainforest community of Malaysian Borneo. Based on morphology, we registered 10 species of lice from 14 bird species of six different host families. This indicated a high degree of host specificity and that the complexity of the system could be underestimated with the potential for cryptic lineages/species to be present. We tested the species boundaries by combining morphological, genetic and host speciation diversity. The phylogenetic relationships of lice were investigated by analyzing the partial mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) and the nuclear elongation factor alpha (EF-1\α) genes sequences of the species. This revealed a monophyletic group of Myrsidea lineages from seven hosts of the avian family Pycnonotidae, one host of Timaliidae and one host of Pellorneidae. However, species delimitation methods supported the species boundaries hypothesized by morphological studies and confirmed that four species of Myrsidea are not single host specific. Cophylogenetic analysis by both distance-based test ParaFit and event-based method Jane confirmed overall congruence between the phylogenies of Myrsidea and their hosts. In total we recorded three cospeciation events for 14 host-parasite associations. However only one host-parasite link (M. carmenae and their hosts Terpsiphone affinis and Hypothymis azurea) was significant after the multiple testing correction in ParaFit.

Four new species are described: Myrsidea carmenae sp.n. ex Hypothymis azurea and Terpsiphone affinis, Myrsidea franciscae sp.n. ex Rhipidura javanica, Myrsidea ramoni sp.n. ex Copsychus malabaricus stricklandii, and Myrsidea victoriae sp.n. ex. Turdinus sepiarius.

}, keywords = {Bird parasites, Chewing lice, Host specificity, Myrsidea carmenae sp.n, Myrsidea franciscae sp.n, Myrsidea ramoni sp.n, Myrsidea victoriae sp.n, new species, Oriental region, Phylogeny, Species delimitation, taxonomy}, issn = {22132244}, doi = {10.1016/j.ijppaw.2020.10.011}, url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2213224420301012}, author = {Ram{\'o}n Soto Madrid and Old{\v r}ich Sychra and Suzan Benedick and David P. Edwards and Boris D. Efeykin and Marte Fandrem and Torbj{\o}rn Haugaasen and Anastasia Teterina and Suzanne Tomassi and Tolstenkov, Oleg O.} } @article {95189, title = {Contributions to the knowledge of lice diversity (Phthiraptera: Amblycera and Ischnocera) in birds from Peru}, journal = {Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales, Nueva Serie}, volume = {22}, year = {2020}, pages = {219-229}, abstract = {

Peru has a great diversity of birds, having more than 1870 species in its territory. However, studies on chewing lice (Phthiraptera) in birds from Peru are still limited. The objective of this study is to contribute to the knowledge of the diversity of lice in birds of Peru. The material used comes from the Zoological Collection of the Natural History Museum of the Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Peru. Ten species of lice distributed in three families were identified: three species of the Menoponidae family, five species of Philopteridae and two species of Ricinidae collected from seven species of birds. This work records for the first time Hohorstiella lata Piaget, 1880, Quadraceps eugrammicus (Burmeister, 1838), Trochiloecetes illumani Carriker, 1960 and Ricinus frenatus Burmeister, 1838 in Peru; likewise, four new hosts of the order Passeriformes are registered for Mayriphilopterus ernsti Mey, 2004, Threnetes leucurus (Linnaeus, 1766) as a new host for T. illumani and two new hosts for R. frenatus; Larus belcheri Vigors, 1829 is also reported as a new host for Quadraceps eugrammicus (Burmeister, 1838) and Austromenopon transversum Denny, 1842.

Spanish ttle: Aportes al conocimiento de la diversidad de piojos (Phthiraptera: Amblycera e Ischnocera) en aves del Per\ú.

Resumen: El Per\ú presenta una gran diversidad de aves, teniendo m\ás de 1870 especies en su territorio. Sin embargo, los estudios sobre mal\ófagos (Phthiraptera) en aves del Per\ú son a\ún limitados. El presente estudio tiene por objetivo aportar al conocimiento de la diversidad de piojos en aves del Per\ú. El material utilizado proviene de la Colecci\ón Zool\ógica del Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Per\ú. Fueron identificadas diez especies de piojos distribuidas en tres familias: tres especies de la familia Menoponidae, cinco especies de Philopteridae y dos especies de Ricinidae colectadas de siete especies de aves. Este trabajo registra por primera vez a Hohorstiella lata Piaget, 1880, Quadraceps eugrammicus (Burmeister, 1838), Trochiloecetes illumani Carriker, 1960 y Ricinus frenatus Burmeister, 1838 en el Per\ú; as\í mismo se registran cuatro nuevos hospederos del orden Passeriformes para Mayriphilopterus ernsti Mey, 2004, Threnetes leucurus (Linnaeus, 1766) como nuevo hospedero para T. illumani y dos nuevos hospederos para R. frenatus; tambi\én se reporta a Larus belcheri Vigors, 1829 como nuevo hospedero para Quadraceps eugrammicus (Burmeister, 1838) y Austromenopon transversum Denny, 1842.
Palabras clave: Columbiformes, Ectopar\ásitos, Entomolog\ía, Parasitolog\ía, Passeriformes

}, keywords = {ectoparasites, entomology, Mayriphilopterus ernsti, Parasitology, Philydor erythrocercum}, url = {http://revista.macn.gob.ar/ojs/index.php/RevMus/article/view/697}, author = {Fabiola Pr{\'\i}ncipe and David Minaya and Senior Cipriano and Asucena I Naupay and José Iannacone} } @article {95181, title = {Four new species of Myrsidea (Phthiraptera: Amblycera: Menoponidae) from Chinese babblers (Passeriformes: Leiothrichidae, Paradoxornithidae, Timaliidae)}, journal = {Zootaxa}, volume = {4878}, year = {2020}, month = {11-2020}, pages = {103 - 128}, abstract = {

Four new species of amblyceran chewing lice of the genus Myrsidea Waterston, 1915 are described from hosts of the babbler families Leiothrichidae, Paradoxornithidae and Timaliidae in China. They are: Myrsidea attenuata n. sp. from Garrulax maesi maesi (Oustalet, 1890), Myrsidea zhangae n. sp. from Ianthocincla berthemyi (Oustalet, 1876), Myrsidea liopari n. sp. from Lioparus chrysotis amoenus (Mayr, 1941) and L. chrysotis swinhoii (Verreaux, 1871), and Myrsidea suthorae n. sp. from Suthora verreauxi verreauxi Sharpe, 1883. A checklist of host-louse associations for identified and unidentified Myrsidea species known from babblers is provided.

}, keywords = {babblers, China, Leiothrichidae, Myrsidea attenuata n. sp., Myrsidea liopari n. sp., Myrsidea suthorae n. sp., Myrsidea zhangae n. sp., new species, Paradoxornithidae, Timaliidae}, issn = {1175-5326}, doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.4878.1.4}, url = {https://www.biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.4878.1.4}, author = {Lujia Lei and Xingzhi Chu and Bilal Dik and Fasheng Zou and Haitao WANG and Daniel R Gustafsson} } @article {95146, title = {Фауна пухоедов (Phthiraptera: Mallophaga) воробьинообразных птиц в г. Воронеже}, journal = {Полевой журнал биолога}, volume = {2}, year = {2020}, pages = {205-218}, type = {Open Access}, abstract = {

Paper in Russian

Аннотация Цель\ \  исследования\ \  состояла\ \  в\ \  изучении\ \  фауны\ \  пухоедов\ \  (Phthiraptera: Mallophaga) воробьинообразных птиц в урбосистемах г. Воронежа. В результате исследований 23 видов птиц обнаружено 22 вида пухоедов из 6 родов и 3 семейств (сем. Menoponidae, Ricinidae, Philopteridae). К подотряду Amblyceraотносятся 8 видов пухоедов (36.37\%) и к подотряду Ischnocera\–14 видов (63.63\%).\  Впервые\  для\  Воронежской\  области\  и\  Центрального\  Черноземья\  выявлено\  16\  видов пухоедов: PhilopterusfringillaeScopoli,\  1772, Ph. capillatusZ{\l}otorzycka,\  1964, Ph. guttatus(Denny, 1852), Ph. corvi(Linnaeus,\ \  1758), Ph. picaeDenny,\ \  1842, Ph. microsomaticus(Piaget,\ \  1871), Ph.pallescens(Denny,\  1842), Brueeliauncinosa(Burmeister,\  1838), B. marginataBurmeister,\  1838, B.varius(Burmeister,\  1838), RicinusrubeculaeSchrank,\  1776, R. elongatus(Olfers,\  1816), MyrsidearusticaGiebel,\  1874, M. anathorax(Nitzsch,\  1866), MenacanthusagilisNitzsch,\  1866, M.curucca(Schrank,\  1776). Самые\  высокие\  показателииндексавстречаемости\  отмеченыдля R. rubeculae(5.00), M.curucca(4.84), R. elongatus(3.89),Ph. capillatus(3.77), Ph. microsomaticus(3.50), M. agilis(3.41). Наиболее интенсивно хозяева были инфестированы пухоедами BrueeliaboriniLunkaschu, 1970, B.uncinosa, B. uncinosaиPh. pallescens.

Ключевые\  слова: воробьинообразные,\  пухоеды,\  интенсивность\  инфестации,\  встречаемость, паразито-хозяинные связи

English title: FAUNA OF THE CHEWING LICE (PHTHIRAPTERA: MALLOPHAGA) OF PASSERINE BIRDS IN VORONEZH

Abstract: In 2017\–2020, the fauna of chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Mallophaga) found in 23 passerine bird species were studied\  in\  urban\  ecosystems\  of\  Voronezh,\  Russia.\  22\  species\  of\  chewing\  lice\  belonging\  to\  6\  genera\  of\  3 families (Menoponidae, Ricinidae, and Philopteridae) were identified. Of these, 8 species (36.37\%) belonged to\  suborder\  Amlycera,\  and\  14\  species\  (63.63\%)\  to\  suborder\  Ischnocera.\  16\  species\  of\  chewing\  lice\  were identified for the first time in Voronezh and the\  Central Black Soil\  Region of\  Russia: PhilopterusfringillaeScopoli,\  1772, Ph. capillatusZ{\l}otorzycka,\  1964, Ph. guttatus(Denny,\  1852), Ph. corvi(Linnaeus,\  1758), Ph. picaeDenny, 1842, Ph. microsomaticus(Piaget, 1871), Ph. pallescens(Denny, 1842), Brueeliauncinosa(Burmeister, 1838), B. marginataBurmeister, 1838, B. varius(Burmeister, 1838), RicinusrubeculaeSchrank, 1776, R. elongatus(Olfers, 1816), MyrsidearusticaGiebel, 1874, M. anathorax(Nitzsch, 1866), MenacanthusagilisNitzsch,\  1866, M.curucca(Schrank,1776).\  The\  highest\  prevalence\  was\  registered\  for R. rubeculae(5.00), M.curucca(4.84), R. elongatus(3.89),Ph. capillatus(3.77), Ph. microsomaticus(3.50), and M. agilis(3.41). The hosts most intensively infested with the chewing lice were: BrueeliaboriniLunkaschu, 1970, B. uncinosa, B. uncinosa, and Ph. pallescens.

}, keywords = {abundance, Chewing lice, host-parasite links, infestation intensity, Passerine birds}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.18413/2658-3453-2020-2-3-205-218 }, url = {http://field-journal.ru/index.php/journal/article/view/53}, author = {S.P. Gaponov and R.T. Tewelde} } @article {95136, title = {Arthropod parasites of Antarctic and Subantarctic birds and pinnipeds: A review of host-parasite associations}, journal = {International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {Jan-08-2020}, pages = {275 - 290}, type = {Open Access}, abstract = {

Due to its cold and dry climate and scarcity of ice-free land, Antarctica has one of the most extreme environments on our planet. To survive in the Antarctic region, parasitic arthropods must either remain closely associated with their hosts throughout the entire life cycle or develop physiological adaptations to survive in the terrestrial habitat while their hosts are away foraging at sea or overwintering at lower latitudes. Forty-eight species of birds and seven species of pinnipeds breed in the Antarctic region, with 158 species/subspecies of parasitic arthropods recorded thus far, comprising: sucking lice (Echinophthiriidae), chewing lice (Menoponidae, Philopteridae), fleas (Ceratophyllidae, Pygiopsyllidae, Rhopalopsyllidae), pentastomes (Reighardiidae), hard ticks (Ixodidae), nest-associated haematophagous mites (Laelapidae), nasal mites (Halarachnidae, Rhinonyssidae) and feather
mites (Alloptidae, Avenzoariidae, Xolalgidae, Freyanidae). In this review, we provide an updated compilation of the available information on the host-parasite associations of arthropods infesting birds and pinnipeds in the Antarctic region, and discuss some over-arching ecological patterns and gaps of knowledge.

}, issn = {22132244}, doi = {10.1016/j.ijppaw.2020.03.007}, url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2213224420300304}, author = {Vanstreels, Ralph Eric Thijl and Ricardo L. Palma and Sergey Mironov} } @article {95134, title = {Parasites of the Neotropic cormorant Nannopterum (Phalacrocorax) brasilianus (Aves, Phalacrocoracidae) in Chile}, journal = {Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterin{\'a}ria}, volume = {29}, year = {2020}, month = {09-2020}, pages = {16pp}, type = {Epub e-003920}, abstract = {

Abstract

The Neotropic cormorant Nannopterum (Phalacrocorax) brasilianus (Suliformes: Phalacrocoracidae) is widely distributed in Central and South America. In Chile, information about parasites for this species is limited to helminths and nematodes, and little is known about other parasite groups. This study documents the parasitic fauna present in 80 Neotropic cormorants\’ carcasses collected from 2001 to 2008 in Antofagasta, Biob\ío, and \Ñuble regions. Birds were externally inspected for ectoparasites and necropsies were performed to examine digestive and respiratory organs in search of endoparasites. Ectoparasites collected were cleared and mounted for identification under a microscope. Fecal samples were also evaluated to determine the presence of protozoan parasites employing a flotation technique. A total of 44 (42.5\%) of birds were infested with at least one ectoparasite species, while 77 (96.25\%) were carrying endoparasites. No protozoan forms were found after examination. Most prevalent endoparasite species found were Contracaecum rudolphii s. l. (72/80, 90\%), followed by Pectinopygus gyroceras (33/80, 41.25\%), and Profilicollis altmani (26/80, 32.5\%). This is the first report of P. altmani, Baruscapillaria carbonis, Avioserpens sp., Cyathostoma (Cyathostoma) phenisci, and Eidmaniella pelucida in the Neotropic cormorant. These findings also expand the distributional range of Andracantha phalacrocoracis, Paradilepis caballeroi, Hysteromorpha triloba, and P. gyroceras to Chile.

Spanish title: Parasitos da bigu\á Nannopterum (Phalacrocorax) brasilianus (Aves, Phalacrocoracidae) do Chile

Resumo

O Bigu\á Nannopterum (Phalacrocorax) brasilianus (Suliformes: Phalacrocoracidae) \é amplamente distribu\ído na Am\érica Central e na do Sul. No Chile, as informa\ç\ões sobre parasitos para essa esp\écie s\ão limitadas a helmintos e nematoides, e pouco se sabe sobre outros grupos de parasitos. Este estudo documenta a fauna parasit\ária presente em 80 bigu\ás coletados de 2001 a 2008, nas regi\ões de Antofagasta, Biob\ío e \Ñuble. As aves foram inspecionadas externamente em busca de ectoparasitas; adicionalmente, foram realizadas necropsias para examinar os \órg\ãos digestivos e respirat\órios em busca de endoparasitos. Os ectoparasitos coletados foram limpos e montados para identifica\ç\ão ao microsc\ópio. As amostras de fezes tamb\ém foram avaliadas para determinar a presen\ça de parasitos protozo\ários, empregando-se uma t\écnica de flutua\ç\ão. Um total de 44 (42,5\%) aves estavam infectadas com pelo menos um ectoparasito, enquanto 77 (96,25\%) estavam portando endoparasito. Nenhuma forma de protozo\ário foi encontrada ap\ós o exame. As esp\écies de endoparasitos mais prevalentes encontradas foram Contracaecum rudolphii (72/80, 90\%), Pectinopygus gyroceras (33/80, 41.25\%) e Profilicollis altmani (26/80, 32.5\%). Este \é o primeiro registro de P. altmani, Baruscapillaria carbonis, Avioserpens sp., Cyathostoma (Cyathostoma) phenisci e Eidmaniella pelucida no bigu\á. Esses resultados tamb\ém expandem a distribui\ç\ão de Andracantha phalacrocoracis, Paradilepis caballeroi, Ascocotyle felippei, Hysteromorpha triloba e P. gyroceras no Chile.

Palavras-chave:\  Helmintos; parasitas externos; parasitas internos; p\ássaro; piolhos

}, keywords = {birds, ectoparasites, Endoparasites, Helminths, lice}, issn = {0103-846X}, doi = {10.1590/s1984-29612020049}, url = {http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext\&pid=S1984-29612020000300314\&tlng=en}, author = {Daniel Gonz{\'a}lez-Acu{\~n}a and Sebasti{\'a}n Llanos and Pablo Oyarz{\'u}n-Ruiz and John M. Kinsella and Carlos Barrientos and Richard Thomas and Armando Conrado Cicchino and L. Moreno} } @article {95091, title = {Development of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry for the identification of lice isolated from farm animals}, journal = {Parasite}, volume = {27}, year = {2020}, month = {04-2020}, pages = {14 pp}, type = {Open Access}, abstract = {

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is now routinely used for the rapid identification of microorganisms isolated from clinical samples and has been recently successfully applied to the identification of arthropods. In the present study, this proteomics tool was used to identify lice collected from livestock and poultry in Algeria. The MALDI-TOF MS spectra of 408 adult specimens were measured for 14 species, including Bovicola bovis, B. ovis, B. caprae, Haematopinus eurysternus, Linognathus africanus, L. vituli, Solenopotes capillatus, Menacanthus stramineus, Menopon gallinae, Chelopistes meleagridis, Goniocotes gallinae, Goniodes gigas, Lipeurus caponis and laboratory reared Pediculus humanus corporis. Good quality spectra were obtained for 305 samples. Spectral analysis revealed intra-species reproducibility and inter-species specificity that were consistent with the morphological classification. A blind test of 248 specimens was performed against the in-lab database upgraded with new spectra and validated using molecular tools. With identification percentages ranging from 76\% to 100\% alongside high identification scores (mean\ =\ 2.115), this study proposes MALDI-TOF MS as an effective tool for discriminating lice species.

French title: D\éveloppement de la spectrom\étrie de masse MALDI-TOF MS pour l\’identification de poux isol\és d\’animaux de ferme

R\ésum\é

La Spectrom\étrie de Masse \à Temps de Vol par D\ésorption/Ionisation Laser Assist\ée apr\ès Matrice est maintenant utilis\ée pour l\’identification rapide des microorganismes isol\és \à partir d\’\échantillons cliniques et a r\écemment \ét\é appliqu\ée avec succ\ès pour l\’identification des arthropodes. Dans cette \étude, cet outil prot\éomique a \ét\é utilis\é pour identifier les poux pr\élev\és sur le b\étail et la volaille en Alg\érie. Les spectres MALDI-TOF MS de 408 sp\écimens adultes ont \ét\é mesur\és pour 14 esp\èces, dont Bovicola bovis, B. ovis, B. caprae, Haematopinus eurysternus, Linognathus africanus, L. vituli, Solenopotes capillatus, Menacanthus stramineus, Menopon gallinae, Chelopistes meleagridis, Goniocotes gallinae, Goniodes gigas, Lipeurus caponis et Pediculus humanus corporis \élev\é en laboratoire. Des spectres de bonne qualit\é ont \ét\é obtenus pour 305 \échantillons. L\’analyse spectrale a r\év\él\é une reproductibilit\é intra-esp\èce et une sp\écificit\é inter-esp\èces qui concordaient avec la classification morphologique. Un test \à l\’aveugle de 248 \échantillons a \ét\é effectu\é par rapport \à la base de donn\ées de notre laboratoire mise \à niveau avec de nouveaux spectres et valid\ée \à l\’aide d\’outils mol\éculaires. Avec des pourcentages d\’identification allant de 76 \à 100\ \% et des scores d\’identification \élev\és (moyenne\ : 2,115), cette \étude propose MALDI-TOF MS comme un outil efficace pour distinguer les esp\èces de poux.

}, keywords = {lice, MALDI-TOF MS, Mallophaga}, doi = {10.1051/parasite/2020026}, url = {https://www.parasite-journal.org/10.1051/parasite/2020026}, author = {Basma Ouarti and Maureen Laroche and Souad Righi and Mohamed Nadir Meguini and Ahmed Benakhla and Didier Raoult and Parola,Phillipe} } @article {95089, title = {Sunning in extreme heat by the critically endangered hooded vulture: a strategy to fight ectoparasites?}, journal = {Ecology - Ecological Society of America}, volume = {101}, year = {2020}, month = {Jan-05-2020}, pages = {8pp}, type = {The Scientific Naturalist - e02948}, issn = {0012-9658}, doi = {10.1002/ecy.2948}, url = {https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ecy.2948}, author = {Jorge S. Guti{\'e}rrez and Jos{\'e} Pedro Granadeiro and Jo{\~a}o Belo and Edna Correia and Mohamed Henriques and Filipe Moniz and Jo{\~a}o Paulino and Andr{\'e} Filipe Ven Tom{\'a}s and Teresa Catry} } @article {95087, title = {Insect parasites inhabiting Passer domesticus (linnaeus, 1758) and P. Montanus (linnaeus, 1758) (Aves: Passeriformes) nests in Voronezh}, journal = {Field Biologist Journal}, volume = {2}, year = {2020}, pages = {99-122}, abstract = {

Paper in Russian. Title: Паразитические насекомые в гнездах Passerdomesticus(linnaeus, 1758) и P. Montanus(linnaeus, 1758) (aves: passeriformes) в г. Воронеже.

Аннотация
Цель исследования состояла в изучении паразитических насекомых в гнездах домового (Passer domesticus (Linnaeus, 1758)) и полевого (Passer montanus (Linnaeus, 1758)) воробьев в урбосистемах г. Воронежа. В гнездах воробьев и на птицах выявлено 14 видов паразитических насекомых: 6 видов пухоедов (Menacanthus eurysternus Giebel, 1874, Ricinus fringillae De Geer, 1778, Sturnidoecus ruficeps Giebel, 1866, Brueelia subtilis Giebel, 1874, B. borini Lunkaschu, 1970, Philopterus montani Zlotorzycka, 1964), три вида блох (Ceratophillus gallinae (Schrank, 1803), C. fringillae Walker, 1856, C. tribulus Jordan, 1926) и пять видов круглошовных двукрылых (Ornithomya avicularia (Linnaeus, 1758), O. fringillina Curtis, 1836, O. chloropus Bergroth 1901, Protocalliphora azurea Fll., 1817 и Trypocalliphora braueri (Hendel, 1901)). Все шесть видов Mallophaga указываются впервые для Центрального Черноземья. В гнездах домовых доминантным видом пухоедов оказался M. eurysternus (индекс доминирования (ИД) \– 21.70 \%, индекс встречаемости (ИВ) \– 10.00), субдоминантными - B. subtilis (ИД \– 18.60 \%, ИВ \– 8.00) и B. borini (ИД \– 16.29 \%, ИВ \– 6.00); в гнездах полевых воробьев доминировали B. borini (ИД \– 22.07 \%, ИВ \– 8.00) и Ph. montani (ИД \– 22.07 \%, ИВ \– 10.6). Среди блох преобладала C. gallinae (для домового воробья ИД \– 67.13 \%, ИВ \– 45.00; для полевого воробья ИД \– 66.47 \%, ИВ \– 73.33). Индекс обилия блох на птенцах домового воробья составил 0.724, полевого - 1.153. Среди мух- кровососок преобладала O. avicularia (для домового воробья ИД \– 85.93 \%, ИВ \– 53.00; для полевого воробья ИД \– 68.64 \%, ИВ \– 20.00). Личинки P. azurea были отмечены в 13.00 \% гнезд домового и 15.00 \% гнезд полевого воробьев. Интенсивность инфестации (ИИ) птенцов домового воробья составила 3.42, ИО \– 0.30; для птенцов полевого воробья ИИ \– 0.15, ИО \– 2.05. Личинки T. braueri выявлены в 31.00 \% гнезд домового и 40.00 \% гнезд полевого воробьев. Для домового воробья ИИ птенцов \– 0.16, ИО \– 0.08; для полевого воробья ИИ птенцов \– 0.11, ИО \– 0.22. Отмечено существенное колебание индексов встречаемости и обилия в разные годы.

Ключевые слова: полевой воробей, домовый воробей, блохи, пухоеды, мухи-кровососки, каллифориды, паразиты, новые находки.

Abstract
In Voronezh, 14 species of parasitic insects were found in sparrows and their nests during 2017\–2020. It was found 6 species of chewing lice: Menacanthus eurysternus Giebel, 1874, Ricinus fringillae De Geer, 1778, Sturnidoecus ruficeps Giebel, 1866, Brueelia subtilis Giebel, 1874, B. borini Lunkaschu, 1970, and Philopterus montani Zlotorzycka, 1964. Among them, Menacanthus eurysternus was the dominant species for the House Sparrow (dominance 21.70 \%, prevalence 10.00) while B. subtilis (dominance 18.60 \%, prevalence 8.00) and B. borini (dominance 16.29 \%, prevalence 6.00) were subdominant. For the European Tree Sparrow, the dominant species were B. borini (dominance 22.07 \%, prevalence 8.00) and Ph. montani (dominance 22.07 \%, prevalence 10.6). All six chewing lice species were observed for the first time in Voronezh and the Central Black Soil Region of Russia. Three species of fleas \– Ceratophillus gallinae (Schrank, 1803), C. fringillae Walker, 1856, and C. tribulus Jordan, 1926) \– were registered. The dominant flea species was C. gallinae (for the House Sparrow, dominance was 67.13 \%,prevalence 45.00; for the Tree Sparrow, dominance was 66.47 \%, prevalence 73.33). Abundance of fleas for House Sparrow nestlings was 0.724, and 1.153 for Tree Sparrow nestlings. Parasitic flies were represented by five species: Ornithomya avicularia (Linnaeus, 1758), O. fringillina Curtis, 1836,
O. chloropus Bergroth 1901 (Hippoboscidae), Protocalliphora azurea Fll., 1817, and Trypocalliphora braueri (Hendel, 1901) (Calliphoridae). Among louse flies O. avicularia was the dominant species (for House sparrow, dominance was 85.93 \%, prevalence 53.00; for Tree Sparrow, dominance was 68.64 \%, prevalence 20.00). Larvae of P. azurea were found in 13.00 \% of House Sparrow nests and in 15.00 \% of Tree Sparrow nests. For House Sparrow nestlings, intensity was 3.42 \% with abundance 0.30, while for Tree Sparrow nestlings, intensity was 0.15 \% with abundance 2.05. Larvae of T. braueri were found in 31.00 \% of House Sparrow nests and in 40.00 \% of Tree Sparrow nests. For House Sparrow nestlings, intensity was 0.164 with abundance 0.088. For Tree Sparrow nestlings, intensity was 0.106 with abundance 0.220. Significant fluctuations of prevalence and abundance of the larvae in different years were found.

}, keywords = {blow flies, Chewing lice, Eurasian Tree Sparrow, fleas, House Sparrow, louse flies, New records, parasites}, doi = {10.18413/2658-3453-2020-2-2-123-131}, url = {http://dspace.bsu.edu.ru/bitstream/123456789/34302/1/Teuelde_Paraziticheskie.pdf}, author = {R.T. Tewelde and S.P. Gaponov} } @article {95046, title = {Sex interacts with age-dependent change in the abundance of lice-infesting Amur Falcons (Falco amurensis)}, journal = {Parasitology Research}, year = {2020}, month = {06-2021}, pages = {7 pp}, type = {Open Access https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-020-06753-w}, abstract = {

Sex-biassed and age-biassed parasite infections are common in nature, including ectoparasites-vertebrate host systems. We investigated the effect of Amur Falcons\’ sex, age and body size on the abundance of their lice at a migratory stopover site, where the falcons\’ habitat use and behaviour are more homogeneous across sex and age categories than during the breeding season. We sampled Amur Falcons in Nagaland, India at major roosting sites in 2016. We applied generalized linear models (with negative binomial distribution and log-link) to model the abundance of their two most numerous lice (Colpocephalum subzerafae and Degeeriella rufa) using the host age category (juvenile or adult) and wing length, both in interaction with sex, as explanatory variables. The abundance of C. subzerafae was only affected by host age, being nearly four times higher on juveniles than on adults. Juveniles were also more infested with D. rufa than the adults. Additionally, the abundance of the latter species was lower on adult male Falcons as compared to adult females. A juvenile bias in ectoparasite infestations is common in nature, probably due to juveniles being immunologically na\ïve, more resource-limited and may be inexperienced in body maintenance behaviours like preening and grooming. On the other hand, female-biassed infestations are much rarer than male-biassed infestations. We briefly discuss the possible causes of female-biassed infestations on Amur Falcons reported here, and in the closely related Red-footed Falcon and Lesser Kestrel as reported in the literature.

}, keywords = {louse, Sex-biassed infestation}, issn = {0932-0113}, doi = {10.1007/s00436-020-06753-w}, url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00436-020-06753-w}, author = {Imre S{\'a}ndor Piross and Manju Siliwal and R. Suresh Kumar and P{\'e}ter Palatitz and Szabolcs Solt and P{\'e}ter Borb{\'a}th and N{\'o}ra Vili and N{\'o}ra Magonyi and Zolt{\'a}n Vas and Lajos R{\'o}zsa and Andrea Harnos and P{\'e}ter Feh{\'e}rv{\'a}ri} } @article {95045, title = {Parasites of the Shiny Cowbird, Molothrus bonariensis, and the Austral Blackbird, Curaeus curaeus, (Passeriformes: Icteridae) in Chile}, journal = {Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterin{\'a}ria}, volume = {29}, year = {2020}, month = {01-2020}, pages = {10 pp}, abstract = {

Comparative studies of parasites in sympatric bird species have been generally scarce. Parasitic infection/transmission can be spread in a number of ways that suggests possible direct and indirect, horizontal transmission between avian hosts. In order to determine whether two sympatric icterids from Central and Southern Chile share their parasite fauna (ecto- and endoparasites), we examined parasites of 27 Shiny Cowbirds, Molothrus bonariensis, and 28 Austral Blackbirds, Curaeus curaeus, including individuals captured in the wild and carcasses. We found that Shiny Cowbirds were infected with the chewing lice Brueelia bonariensis, Philopterus sp. 1, the feather mites Amerodectes molothrus, Proctophyllodes spp. (species 1 and 2), and the helminths Mediorhynchus papillosus, Plagiorhynchus sp., Dispharynx nasuta and Tetrameres paucispina, while Austral Blackbirds had the chewing lice Myrsidea sp., Philopterus sp. 2, the feather mites Proctophyllodes sp. 3, Amerodectes sp., and three helminths: Anonchotaenia sp., Capillaria sp. and M. papillosus. The flea Dasypsyllus (Neornipsyllus) cteniopus was found only on the Austral Blackbird. The only parasite species shared by both icterids was the acanthocephalan M. papillosus, possibly due to their feeding on the same intermediate insect hosts. With the exception of B. bonariensis and Philopterus sp. 1 found on the Shiny Cowbird, all species reported in this study represent new parasite-host
associations and new records of parasite diversity in Chile.

Parasitas do chupim Molothrus bonariensis e do p\ássaro-preto-austral Curaeus curaeus (Passeriformes: Icteridae) no Chile

Resumo
Estudos comparativos de parasitas em esp\écies de aves simp\átricas s\ão escassos. A infec\ç\ão/transmiss\ão de parasitas pode acontecer de diversas maneiras, incluindo poss\ível transmiss\ão direta, indireta ou horizontal entre as aves hospedeiras. Com o objetivo de determinar se dois icter\ídeos simp\átricos do centro e sul do Chile compartilham a sua fauna parasit\ária (ecto- e endoparasitas), foram examinados os parasitas de 27 chupins Molothrus bonariensis e 28 p\ássaros-pretos-austral Curaeus curaeus, incluindo indiv\íduos capturados com rede de neblina e em carca\ças. Nos chupins analisados, foram encontrados os piolhos de penas Brueelia bonariensis, Philopterus sp. 1, os \ácaros Amerodectes molothrus, Proctophyllodes spp. (esp\écie 1 e 2), e os helmintos Mediorhynchus papillosus, Plagiorhynchus sp., Dispharynx nasuta e Tetrameres paucispina. Em contraste, os p\ássarospretos-austral estavam infectados com os piolhos Myrsidea sp., Philopterus sp. 2, os \ácaros Proctophyllodes sp. 3, Amerodectes sp., e os helmintos Anonchotaenia sp., Capillaria sp. e M. papillosus. Adicionalmente, um esp\écime de p\ássaro-preto-austral estava parasitado pela pulga Dasypsyllus (Neornipsyllus) cteniopus. A \única esp\écie de parasita que foi encontrada nas duas esp\écies de aves foi o acantoc\éfalo M. papillosus, possivelmente devido ao fato de que ambas as aves se alimentam dos insetos que s\ão os hospedeiros intermedi\ários deste parasita. Exceto os registros de B. bonariensis e Philopterus sp. 1 encontrados no chupim, todas as esp\écies reportadas neste estudo correspondem \à novas associa\ç\ões de parasita/hospedeiro e novos registros para a diversidade parasitol\ógica do Chile.

Palavras-chave: Diversidade de parasitas, simpatria, Icteridae, Phthiraptera, Acari, nemat\ódeos.

}, keywords = {Acari, Icteridae, Parasite diversity, roundworm, sympatry}, issn = {0103-846X}, doi = {10.1590/s1984-29612020022}, url = {http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext\&pid=S1984-29612020000200319\&tlng=en}, author = {Mabel Mena and Valdebenito, Jos{\'e} Osvaldo and L. Moreno and Fuentes, Danny and John M. Kinsella and Sergey Mironov and Carlos Barrientos and Armando Conrado Cicchino and Daniel Gonz{\'a}lez-Acu{\~n}a} } @article {95041, title = {An annotated list of the species of lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) described by Mohammad A.-R. Ansari}, journal = {Zootaxa}, volume = {4809}, year = {2020}, month = {07-2020}, pages = {401 - 448}, abstract = {

Mohammad Atiq-ur-Rahman Ansari (1911\–1979) was an Indian phthirapterist who contributed to the knowledge of parasitic lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) from the Indian subcontinent with 41 papers published from 1944 to 1968. He described 195 new species and subspecies of chewing lice from birds and redescribed 182 previously known species of all groups of lice. Among the new species, 155 are still considered valid. We list all the species and subspecies described by Ansari under their original binomial or trinomial names, adding for each one: subsequent references by Ansari, current taxonomic status (i.e. taxa placed now in different genera, or with senior synonyms), type host, type locality, and deposition of type material when still extant. About 120 (62\%) of Ansari\’s primary type specimens are deposited at museums in the United Kingdom and the U.S.A., with the remaining 75 primary types presumed lost. Four species are here considered species inquirenda, because the morphological data published by Ansari are not consistent with diagnostic characters of the genera in which he placed them, and their types could not be located to confirm their correct generic placement. They are Capraiella masumae Ansari, 1955; Craspedorrhynchus chicquera Ansari, 1955; Cuculicola jamilae Ansari, 1955 and Cuculoecus distinctus Ansari, 1955. We propose the name Philopterus ansarii nomen novum as a replacement for Philopterus kalkalichi Ansari, 1956e\—preoccupied by Philopterus kalkalichi Ansari, 1955e\—and designate a neotype for it. We also designate a neotype for Alcedoecus anularis Ansari, 1955e and Alcedoecus annulatus Tendeiro, 1965a, placing the latter name as an absolute junior synonym of the former.

}, keywords = {Alcedoecus anularis, Ansari, Collection, current status, India, lice, Pakistan, Philopterus ansarii nomen novum, type host, type locality, type material}, issn = {1175-5326}, doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.4809.3.1}, url = {https://www.biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.4809.3.1}, author = {Naz,Saima and Tomas Najer and Daniel R Gustafsson} } @article {95035, title = {Patterns of host{\textendash}parasite associations in tropical lice and their passerine hosts in Cameroon}, journal = {Ecology and Evolution}, year = {2020}, month = {06-2021}, pages = {1 - 13}, type = {Open Access}, abstract = {

Coevolutionary processes that drive the patterns of host\–parasite associations can be deduced through congruence analysis of their phylogenies. Feather lice and their avian hosts have previously been used as typical model systems for congruence analysis; however, such analyses are strongly biased toward nonpasserine hosts in the temperate zone. Further, in the Afrotropical region especially, cospeciation studies of lice and birds are entirely missing. This work supplements knowledge of host\–parasite associations in lice using cospeciation analysis of feather lice (genus Myrsidea and the Brueelia complex) and their avian hosts in the tropical rainforests of Cameroon. Our analysis revealed a limited number of cospeciation events in both parasite groups. The parasite\–host associations in both louse groups were predominantly shaped by host switching. Despite a general dissimilarity in phylogeny for the parasites and hosts, we found significant congruence in host\–parasite distance matrices, mainly driven by associations between Brueelia lice and passerine species of the Waxbill (Estrildidae) family, and Myrsidea lice and their Bulbul (Pycnonotidae) host species. As such, our study supports the importance of complex biotic interactions in tropical environments.

A zip file of supporting materials can be found in the publisher website https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ece3.6386. Scroll to the bottom of the page and under Supporting Information.

}, keywords = {cospeciation, Feather lice, host switching, host{\textendash}parasite associations, Mirandofures, Passerines, Sturnidoecus, tropical ecology}, issn = {2045-7758}, doi = {10.1002/ece3.6386}, url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ece3.6386}, author = {Magdalena Gajdo{\v s}ov{\'a} and Old{\v r}ich Sychra and Jakub Kreisinger and Ond{\v r}ej Sedl{\'a}{\v c}ek and Eric Djomo Nana and Tom{\'a}{\v s} Albrecht and Pavel Munclinger} } @article {95032, title = {Colecta, preparaci{\'o}n e identificaci{\'o}n de par{\'a}sitos}, journal = {Revista Parasitolog{\'\i}a Latinoamericana}, volume = {69}, year = {2020}, month = {2020}, pages = {12-29}, abstract = {

Paper in Spanish

Resumen
Los par\ásitos constituyen los organismos m\ás numerosos de los ecosistemas terrestres, tanto en cantidad de especies como en numero, y a pesar de esto su conocimiento es fragmentado y ha sido escazamente abordado. Realizar una correcta preparaci\ón e identificaci\ón de los par\ásitos es clave al momento de iniciar estudios de diversidad par\ásitaria en fauna silvestre, por lo que es necesario en primera instancia conocer m\étodos de colecta, de preservaci\ón y finalmente identificaci\ón de los par\ásitos. Una colecta puede ser exitosa, pero si no
consideramos aspectos relevantes en el manejo de cada grupo de par\ásitos para poder posteriormente identificarlos, el trabajo ser\á infruct\ífero. En esta revisi\ón entregamos los detalles m\ás valiosos para tratar los par\ásitos desde el momento en que se colectan hasta que quedan en condiciones de ser identificados por el especialista de cada grupo. El tratamiento tanto de endopar\ásitos como ectopar\ásitos difiere seg\ún el grupo y seg\ún las condiciones en que est\én los espec\ímenes (vivos o muertos, frescos o congelados, pre o post ingesti\ón de sangre). Las t\écnicas descritas en la literatura son muy variadas por lo que aqu\í describimos las t\écnicas que nos han dado mejores resultados y que actualmente son las m\ás usadas por la comunidad parasitol\ógica internacional. Adem\ás, en un segundo bloque de esta revisi\ón, entregamos un listado de referencias obligatorias, dentro del cual se encuentran los textos de parasitolog\ía cl\ásica para cada grupo taxon\ómico. La adecuada colecta y posterior preservaci\ón y/o montaje de los par\ásitos nos permite poder estudiar y conocer sus estructuras, clasificarlos en su adecuada taxonom\ía y poder diferenciarlos con ejemplares similares de otros lugares geogr\áficos. De esta forma, conservamos parte del patrimonio cient\ífico dando un registro permanente de las especies del mundo, adem\ás de preservar material que permitir\á comprender problemas taxon\ómicos, biogeogr\áficos, cambios distribucionales, extinci\ón de especies hospedadoras y sus par\ásitos, as\í como detectar nuevos recursos biol\ógicos entre otras ventajas.
Palabras clave: endopar\ásitos, ectopar\ásitos, colecta, preservaci\ón, taxonom\ía

Summary
Parasites constitute the most numerous organisms in terrestrial ecosystems, both in magnitude and number of species; however, knowledge of them is fragmentary and scarcely taken into consideration. Performing the right preparation and identification of parasites is vital when a parasitic diversity survey is carried out in wildlife. Thus it is necessary to know the methods of collection, preservation and identification methods for
parasites. A collection of parasites could be successful but if relevant aspects regarding manipulation for every group of parasites are not considered in the determination of identification, the study will be fruitless. In the present review, we provide the most valuable details regarding work with parasites, since these are collected until they are classified by the specialist for every taxonomic group. The treatment for every endoparasite and ectoparasite species is different for each group and according to the conditions of every specimen (alive or dead parasites, fresh or frozen, pre- or post- ingestion of blood). The techniques described in the literature are somewhat varied; consequently, here we describe the techniques with better results in our experience and currently the ones most used by the international parasitological community. Furthermore, in a second part of this review we provide a list of mandatory references, with several classic parasitology literatures for every taxonomic group. The proper collection, preservation and/or mounting of parasites allow us to study and known their structures, classify them taxonomically and help us distinguish them from other specimens from other locations. In this way, we conserve part of the scientific heritage by giving a permanent record of the world\&$\#$39;s species, in addition to preserving material that will allow us to understand taxonomic and biogeographic problems, distributional changes, extinction of host species and their parasites, as well as detect new biological resources, among other advantages.

}, keywords = {Aquiligogus maculatus, Collection, ectoparasites, Endoparasites, Enicognathus leptorhynchus, Glaucidium nana, preservation, taxonomy, Tyto furcata}, issn = {0719-6326 online}, url = {https://sociedadchilenaparasitologia.cl/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/2020-69-1-01.05.2020-1.pdf}, author = {Pablo Oyarz{\'u}n-Ruiz and Daniel Gonz{\'a}lez-Acu{\~n}a} } @mastersthesis {95030, title = {A Parasite Survey of Passerine Birds and Northern Bobwhite Quail (Colinus virginianus) in the Rolling Plains Ecoregion}, volume = {MSc}, year = {2020}, month = {05-2020}, pages = {113 pp}, school = {Texas Tech University}, type = {Environmental Toxicology}, address = {Lubbock, Texas}, abstract = {

Eyeworms (Oxyspirura petrowi) and caecal worms (Aulonocephalus pennula) are heteroxenous nematodes being investigated as contributors to the decline of the Northern Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus; hereafter Bobwhite), an iconic game bird. Researchers have documented declines of over 4\% annually across the range and declines in historic strongholds including the Rolling Plains of Texas. While climatic factors and habitat change were considered to be leading contributors, parasitic infection is gaining attention as a potentially important factor. Researchers have documented infection rates of eyeworms in Bobwhite as high as 90\% and caecal worms as high as 100\%. Furthermore, eyeworms have been documented in a Curve-billed Thrasher (Toxostoma curvirostre), Northern Mockingbirds (Mimus polyglottos), and Scaled Quail (Callipepla squamata) from the Rolling Plains. This is likely due to their diets, which include insect intermediate hosts of eyeworms. However, due to\  extremely few comprehensive parasite studies concerning these species and previous passerine helminth reports being compiled from incidental bycatch, the extent of shared parasitism between quail and passerines in the Rolling Plains is unknown. Thus, the potential for passerines specifically to serve as reservoir hosts or means of dispersal to introduce parasites to na\ïve populations may currently be overlooked. To investigate this possibility and further document shared parasitism between passerines and quail, full parasite surveys on Bobwhite, Scaled Quail, Northern Mockingbirds, Curve-billed Thrashers, and Northern Cardinals (Cardinalis cardinalis) were conducted. Birds were trapped with baited double funnel traps at three study sites in the Rolling Plains from March to October 2019. After which, specimens were fully necropsied and both endo and ectoparasite prevalence were assessed. These assessments have demonstrated instances of coinfection, with one of the most prominent cohabitations occurring between eyeworms and lice across all species. In addition to this, data elicited from this survey contributes to broadening the current knowledge of parasitic infection concerning the study species. The findings of this study are a valuable baseline for future studies given the passerines\’ potential to serve as reservoir hosts and disperse parasites.

}, url = {https://hdl.handle.net/2346/85739}, author = {Jessica Louise Herzog} } @article {95021, title = {PRIMER REGISTRO DE COLPOCEPHALUM TRICHOSUM HARRISON, 1916 (PHTHIRAPTERA: MENOPONIDAE) EN EL C{\'O}NDOR ANDINO (VULTUR GRYPHUS LINNAEUS, 1758), EN LA PAZ BOLIVIA}, journal = {Neotropical Helminthology}, volume = {14}, year = {2020}, month = {06-2020}, pages = {59 - 66}, abstract = {

Paper in Spanish

RESUMEN

Entre las 1.435 aves presentes en Bolivia, el c\óndor (Vultur gryphusLinnaeus, 1758) de la familia Cathartidae, enfrenta amenazas a lo largo de su distribuci\ón en la Cordillera de los Andes, como la disminuci\ón de su poblaci\ón a consecuencia de la p\érdida de h\ábitat, la caza, el conflicto por depredaci\ón, as\í como la asilvestr\ía de animales dom\ésticos y, junto con las escasas investigaciones en salud, ponen m\ása\únenriesgoaestaespecie.Enelpresenteestudio,realizamoseldiagn\ósticodelpiojo Colpocephalum trichosumHarrison, 1916 de la familia Menoponidae, Suborden Mallophaga del Orden Phthiraptera, de un individuo hembra c\óndor de vida libre que fue encontrado lesionado en el municipio de Palca y rehabilitado en el Zool\ógico Municipal Vesty Pakos, para su posterior liberaci\ón y reintroducirla a la vida silvestre. Siendo el primer registro de par\ásitos en el c\óndor para Bolivia.

Palabras clave: Bolivia - C\óndor - Los Andes - Par\ásitos

English title: FIRST RECORD OF COLPOCEPHALUM TRICHOSUM HARRISON, 1916 (PHTHIRAPTERA: MENOPONIDAE) IN THE ANDEAN CONDOR (VULTUR GRYPHUS LINNAEUS, 1758), IN LA PAZ BOLIVIA

Abstract: Among the 1,435 birds present in Bolivia, the Andean condor (Vultur gryphus) of the Cathartidae family, faces threats throughout its distribution in the Andes, such as the decline of its population as a result of habitat loss, hunting, conflicts related to predation of young domestic livestock, as well as increasing numbers of feral dogs. Together with a scarcity in health research, these threat puts this iconic species at risk. In the present study, we performed the diagnosis of the Colpocephalum trichosumHarrison, 1916 louse of the Menoponidae family, Suborder Mallophaga of the Order Phthiraptera, of a free-living female condor individual who was found injured in the municipality of Palca and rehabilitated at the Vesty Pakos Municipal Zoo, prior to its subsequent release and reintroduction. This represents the first Bolivian record of parasites in the Andean condor.

}, keywords = {Bolivia, Condor, parasites, The Andes}, issn = {Print-2218-6425, online-1995-1043}, url = {https://874e16f2-ae8e-41c7-8ac0-9aa26c227df8.filesusr.com/ugd/1fc314_2793f56a1b36481b9db751f77ea05e67.pdf}, author = {Jose Luis Mollericona and Luis Beltr{\'a}n and Iv{\'a}n Rodr{\'\i}guez} } @article {94980, title = {Lice infestation and diversity in turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) in the Special Region of Yogyakarta and Central Java, Indonesia}, journal = {Veterinary World}, volume = {13}, year = {2020}, month = {01-2020}, pages = {782 - 788}, abstract = {

Background and Aim: Biting lice (Phthiraptera: Amblycera and Ischnocera) are ectoparasites that play important roles in the transmission of disease agents that infect turkeys and impact turkey productivity. This study aimed to determine the diversity of lice that infest turkeys in the Central Java Province and the Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Materials and Methods: Lice sampling was conducted at 16 different locations from April 2019 to June 2019 in turkeys aged 4 months to 2 years. The samples were stored in 70\% alcohol and were identified using avian louse keys. The morphology of the specimens was macroscopically and microscopically evaluated, and the resulting data were descriptively and qualitatively analyzed.

Results: A total of 2505 lice were collected, and two families and five genera of lice were identified. Three lice genus members of the Philopteridae family (Lipeurus, Oxylipeurus, and Chelopistes) and two genera of the Menoponidae family (Colpocephalum and Menacanthus) were identified. Lipeurus was the most frequently identified genera in turkeys, whereas Menacanthus was the most rarely identified one. The White Holland breed had the highest number of lice infestations, whereas the Jersey Buff breed exhibited the highest diversity of lice genera. The average number of lice infestations was higher in male turkeys than in female turkeys.

Conclusion: The occurrence of ectoparasites in domestic turkeys indicates that the existence and diversity of lice genera in the study location can be influenced by turkey type, turkey maintenance system, enclosure sanitation measures, lack of strategic ectoparasite control, and environmental factors.

}, keywords = {central java, lice, Turkey, Yogyakarta}, issn = {09728988}, doi = {10.14202/vetworld.2020.782-788}, url = {http://www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.13/April-2020/25.html}, author = {Joko Prastowo and Dwi Priyowidodo and Wisnu Nurcahyo and Defriana Lutfi Chusnaifah and Lu{\textquoteright}lu{\textquoteright} Sahara Wusahaningtyas and Lintang Winantya Firdausy and Ana Sahara} } @article {94979, title = {LOUSE SPECIES (PHTHIRAPTERA: AMBLYCERA, ISCHNOCERA) COLLECTED ON THE COMMON COOT, FULICA ATRA (LINNAEUS, 1758), AND THEIR MICROHABITAT SELECTION}, journal = {Bulletin de la Soci{\'e}t{\'e} zoologique de France}, volume = {42}, year = {2020}, pages = {135 - 153}, abstract = {

Mallophaga are permanent ectoparasites, extremely specific to their hosts thatcan\  have\  harmful\  affects\  on\  the\  host\  by\  transmitting\  a\  range\  of\  pathogens. This\  studywas\  conducted\  at\  Lake Tonga\  (National\  Park\  of\  El\  Kala\  in\  northeastern Algeria),\  between January 2017 and December 2018. Chewing lice collected from 57 live-captured Common Coot Fulica atra (Linnaeus, 1758) (Aves: Gruiformes: Rallidae) were studied. The data was taken from the lake by random collection method. Lice were slide moun-ted and identified. First, the feathers of each bird were inspected macroscopically and alllouse\  specimens\  observed\  were\  collected,\  moreover\  some\  of\  the\  birds\  examined\  were treated with a synthetic Pyrethro\ïd spray on the plumage of each body part. Five species of\  chewing\  lice\  (Phthiraptera:\  Amblycera,\  Ischnocera)\  were\  isolated\  from\  hosts: Fulicoffula lurida (Nitzsch, 1818) (Philopteridae), Incidifrons fulicae (Linnaeus, 1758)(Philopteridae), Laemobothrion (Eulaemobothrion) atrum (Nitzsch, 1818) (Menoponidae), Pseudomenopon pilosum (Scopoli, 1763) (Menoponidae) and Rallicola fulicae (Denny,1842)\  (Philopteridae).\  The\  birds\  were\  found\  to\  be\  infested\  with\  at\  least\  one\  of\  these chewing louse species. Rallicola fulicaewas the most frequent louse species, being pre-sent on all the studied coots. The prevalence, mean intensity of infestation and meanabundance of the lice from Common Coots were recorded. The localization of lice onthe host\’s body was also studied. Louse populations exhibited distinct patterns of spatialdistribution on the host, largely as a result of their distinct preferences for certain micro-habitats

French title: Les esp\èces de poux (Phthiraptera: Amblycera, Ischnocera) collect\ées sur la foulque macroule Fulica atra(Linnaeus, 1758) et s\élection de leur microhabitat

Les Mallophages sont des ectoparasites permanents, extr\êmement sp\écifiques \àleurs\  h\ôtes,\  qui\  peuvent\  avoir\  des\  effets\  nocifs\  sur\  l\’h\ôte\  en\  transmettant\  une\  gammed\’agents pathog\ènes. Cette \étude a \ét\é men\ée sur le lac Tonga (Park National d\’El Kala,dans le nord-est de l\’Alg\érie), pendant la p\ériode s\’\étendant de janvier 2017 \à d\écembre2018, o\ù des esp\èces de Mallophages sur cinquante-sept individus de Foulque macrouleFulica atra(Linnaeus, 1758) (Aves : Gruiformes : Rallidae) captur\é vivants et par unem\éthode al\éatoire de collecte, ont \ét\é \étudi\és. Tout d\’abord, les plumes de chaque oiseauont\  \ét\é\  inspect\ées\  macroscopiquement\  et\  tous\  les\  sp\écimens\  de\  poux\  observ\és\  ont\  \ét\écollect\és. Ensuite, certains des foulques examin\és ont \ét\é trait\és avec un spray synth\é-tique Pyrethro\ïde sur le plumage de chaque partie de leur corps. Les poux \étaient mon-t\és sur des lames et identifi\és. Cinq esp\èces de Mallophages (Amblycera, Ischnocera) \–Fulicoffula lurida(Nitzsch, 1818) (Philopteridae), Incidifrons fulicae(Linnaeus, 1758)(Philopteridae), Laemobothrion(Eulaemobothrion)atrum(Nitzsch,\ \ \  1818)(Menoponidae), Pseudomenopon\  pilosum(Scopoli,\  1763)\  (Menoponidae)\  et Rallicolafulicae(Denny,\  1842)\  (Philopteridae)\  \–\  ont\  \ét\é\  isol\és\  \à\  partir\  des\  h\ôtes.\  Les\  oiseaux\étaient\  infest\és\  par\  au\  moins\  une\  de\  ces\  esp\èces\  de\  poux.\  L\’esp\èce\  de\  poux Rallicolafulicae\était la plus fr\équente chez toutes les foulques \étudi\ées. La pr\évalence, l\’intensi-t\é moyenne de l\’infestation et l\’abondance moyenne des poux ont \ét\é enregistr\ées. Lalocalisation des poux sur le corps de l\’h\ôte a \également \ét\é \étudi\ée, les populations deMallophages ont montr\é en effet des sch\émas distincts de r\épartition spatiale sur l\’h\ôteen grande partie du fait de leurs pr\éf\érences divergentes pour certains microhabitats.

Mots-cl\é: Mallophages, Amblycera, Ischnocera, Microhabitat, Lac Tonga, Alg\érie

}, keywords = {Algeri, Chewing lice, Lake Tonga, Microhabitat}, url = {https://societe-zoologique.fr/sites/default/files/revue/2020-04/SZF145\%282\%29ZIANI2.pdf}, author = {Roumayssa Ziani and Borhane-Eddine Cheri Ziani and Bilal Dik and Marniche, Faiza and Amel Lazli} } @article {94963, title = {Sex-dependent changes in the louse abundance of red-footed falcons (Falco vespertinus)}, journal = {Parasitology Research}, volume = {119}, year = {2020}, month = {Jan-04-2020}, pages = {1327 - 1335}, abstract = {

Permanent ectoparasites live in stable environments; thus, their population dynamics are mostly adapted to changes in the host life cycle. We aimed to investigate how static and dynamic traits of red-footed falcons interplay with the dynamics of their louse subpopulations during breeding and how they affect the colonisation of new hosts by lice. We sampled red-footed falcon (Falco vespertinus) nestlings (two breeding seasons) and adults (one breeding season) in southern Hungary. The mean abundance of Colpocephalum subzerafae and Degeeriella rufa lice on the nestlings was modelled with generalized linear mixed models using clutch size and host sex in interaction with wing length. For adults, we used wing length and the number of days after laying the first egg, both in interaction with sex. D. rufa abundances increased with the nestlings\’ wing length. In one\ year, this trend was steeper on females. In adult birds, both louse species exhibited higher abundances on females at the beginning, but it decreased subsequently through the breeding season. Contrarily, abundances were constantly low on adult males. Apparently, D. rufa postpones transmission until nestlings develop juvenile plumage and choose the more feathered individual among siblings. The sexual difference in the observed abundance could either be caused by the different plumage, or by the females\’ preference for less parasitized males. Moreover, females likely have more time to preen during the incubation period, lowering their louse burdens. Thus, sex-biased infestation levels likely arise due to parasite preferences in the nestlings and host behavioural processes in the adult falcons.

}, keywords = {ecology, ectoparasite, Sex-biased infestation, Vertical transmission}, issn = {0932-0113}, doi = {10.1007/s00436-020-06634-2}, url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00436-020-06634-2}, author = {Imre S{\'a}ndor Piross and Szabolcs Solt and {\'E}va Horv{\'a}th and L{\'a}szl{\'o} Kotym{\'a}n and P{\'e}ter Palatitz and P{\'e}ter Bert{\'o}k and Szab{\'o}, Kriszti{\'a}n and N{\'o}ra Vili and Zolt{\'a}n Vas and Lajos R{\'o}zsa and Andrea Harnos and P{\'e}ter Feh{\'e}rv{\'a}ri} } @article {94941, title = {FIRST RECORDS OF THE CHEWING LICE (PHTHIRAPTERA)ASSOCIATED WITH MEROPIDAE SPECIES IN BISKRA (NORTHERNSAHARA, ALGERIA)}, journal = {PONTE International Scientific Researches Journal}, volume = {76}, year = {2020}, month = {01-2020}, abstract = {

Studies on bird ectoparasites are little studied in Algeria. The work presented, is interested in ectoparasites attached to the families of Meropidae, namely the European Bee-eater Merops apiaster and Blue- cheeked Bee- eater Merops persicus, these two species are migratory birds that cause damage to the beekeeper. Where it consumes many bees while arriving at the breeding territory. The objective of this work, to determine the ectoparasites of these two species breeding in Algeria. The bee-eaters were captured in April 2018 by beekeepers, using glue on rocks to protect their hives. Captured individuals were transported to the laboratory
to collect the ectoparasites. The 4 bee-eaters examined were infested as follows, 3 species of ectoparasites found on the individuals belonged to the Meropidae family, namely Meromenopon meropis, Meropoecus meropis, and Meropsiella erythropteri. Keywords: Chewing lice, Merops apiaster, Merops persicus, Biskra.

Note from the author : There are mistakes about the sex of the species in the explanations of the figures.

}, keywords = {Biskra., Chewing lice, Merops persicus, Meropsiella erythropteri}, doi = {10.21506/j.ponte.2020.4.1}, url = {http://www.pontejournal.net/mainpanel/abstract.php?TOKEN=gRkgF5411G\&PID=PJ-A6B6T}, author = {Somia Torki and Marniche, Faiza and Bilal Dik and Omar Guezoul} } @article {94934, title = {Association between louse abundance and MHC II supertypes in Gal{\'a}pagos mockingbirds}, journal = {Parasitology Research}, year = {2020}, month = {Jul-01-2022}, abstract = {

Major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC II) is an essential molecule triggering the adaptive immune response by the presentation of pathogens to helper Tcells. The association between individualMHC II variants and various parasites has become a frequent finding in studies of vertebrate\  populations. However, although bird ectoparasites have a significant effect on their host\’s fitness, and the host\’s immune system can regulate ectoparasitic infections, no study has yet investigated the association between MHC II polymorphism and ectoparasite infection in the populations of free-living birds. Here, we test whether an association exists between the abundance of a chewing louse (Myrsidea nesomimi) and MHC II\  polymorphism of its hosts, the Gal\ápagos mockingbirds (Mimus). We have found that the presence of two MHC II supertypes (functionally differentiated clusters) was significantly associated with louse abundance. This pattern supports the theory that a co-evolutionary interaction stands behind the maintenance of MHC polymorphism. Moreover, we have found a positive correlation between louse abundance and heterophil/lymphocyte ratio (an indicator of immunological stress) that serves as an additional piece of evidence that ectoparasite burden is affected by immunological state of Gal\ápagos mockingbirds.

The dataset generated during the current study is available in the Mendeley Data repository, https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/75rn24pbvz/1

The subsequent thesis that is based on the pulication with the same title by Jakub Vl{\v c}ek see: https://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/node/96022

}, keywords = {Arms race, co-evolution, Ectoparasit, immunity, Myrsidea nesomimi, Supertype}, issn = {0932-0113}, doi = {10.1007/s00436-020-06617-3}, url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00436-020-06617-3}, author = {Jakub Vl{\v c}ek and Jan {\v S}tefka} } @article {94835, title = {Infestation parameters of chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Amblycera and Ischnocera) on bald eagles, Haliaeetus leucocephalus (Accipitriformes: Accipitridae), in Manitoba, Canada}, journal = {The Canadian Entomologist}, year = {2020}, month = {12-2019}, pages = {1 - 9}, abstract = {

Bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus (Linnaeus); Accipitriformes: Accipitridae) from 92 locations in Manitoba were examined for chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Amblycera and Ischnocera) from 1992 to 2017. Bald eagles were salvaged from rehabilitation hospitals and were examined using two methods, dry-ruffling (n = 107) and washing (n = 40). We collected 39 066 bald eagle lice of four genera and six species: Colpocephalum flavescens (De Haan), C. napiforme (Rudow), C. turbinatum (Denny) (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) (total for all Colpocephalum species = 18 082), Craspedorrhynchus halieti (Osborn) (Phthiraptera: Philopteridae) (n = 49), Degeeriella discocephalus (Burmeister) (Phthiraptera: Philopteridae) (n = 20 912), and Kurodaia fulvofasciata (Piaget) (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) (n = 23). Quantitative data were collected on all genera with the comparison of washed to dry-ruffled. Colpocephalum flavescens and D. discocephalus dominated the louse populations, with similar prevalence and mean intensity. Both genera had sex ratios near 1.0, and similar nymph-to-female ratios near 3:1. The dry-ruffling method was relatively inefficient, collecting 11\% as many lice as the washing method. Total prevalence for dry-ruffled birds was 63\%; total mean intensity was 103.5, but for washed birds, the prevalence was 93\% with a mean intensity of 861.1. No Laemobothrion vulturis (Fabricius) (Phthiraptera: Laemobothriidae) were found.

}, issn = {0008-347X}, doi = {10.4039/tce.2019.67}, url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0008347X19000671/type/journal_article}, author = {Christie D. Lavall{\'e}e and Terry D. Galloway and Kateryn Rochon} } @article {94834, title = {Stability of chewing louse (Phthiraptera: Amblycera and Ischnocera) populations infesting great horned owls (Aves: Strigidae)}, journal = {The Canadian Entomologist}, year = {2020}, month = {12-2019}, pages = {1 - 10}, abstract = {

The annual abundance of chewing lice (Phthiraptera) was recorded on great horned owls (Bubo virginianus (Gmelin), Aves: Strigidae) from 1994 to 2015 in Manitoba, Canada. Kurodaia magna Emerson (Amblycera: Menoponidae) had a mean annual abundance about half that for Strigiphilus oculatus (Rudow) (Ischnocera: Philopteridae). Mean intensity, rather than prevalence, explained the variation in annual abundance. Temporal variation (measured as population variability) in abundance and mean intensity were high and similar (0.62\–0.67), but lower for nymph to female ratio (0.36\–0.38). Temporal variation of prevalence and sex ratio were higher for K. magna (0.34\–0.35) than for S. oculatus (0.21\–0.22), and typical for other louse species. The high temporal variability for abundance and mean intensity suggest lower year-to-year stability than exhibited by other chewing lice, but over 80\% of this variability was due to sampling error resulting from small sample sizes in some years and extreme intensities in the aggregated distributions of intensity. The remaining variation, \< 20\%, revealed no significant differences in annual abundance or mean intensity among years, and therefore stable populations over 22 years. Populations of 12 species of chewing lice show lower temporal variability and therefore greater stability than three other insect taxa.

}, issn = {0008-347X}, doi = {10.4039/tce.2019.69}, url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0008347X19000695/type/journal_article}, author = {Lamb, Robert J. and Terry D. Galloway} }