@article {96505, title = {Parasitic findings on threatened pudu deer from Central Chile accounts first genetic characterization of lice parasitizing P. puda in Chile and the first molecular report of Taenia hydatigena metacestodes in this species}, journal = {Veterinary Quarterly}, volume = {44}, year = {2024}, month = {Jan-19-2024}, pages = {1-8}, type = {Open Access}, abstract = {

Southern pudu (Pudu puda) is a threatened endemic deer of the temperate forests of Chile. In recent years pudu populations rates have decreased mainly due to anthropogenic causes including forest loss and landscape fragmentation. In this context, the parasitic fauna of
Chilean pudu has been scarcely investigated. The aim of this study was to determine the parasitic status of rescued pudu n = 13 from its natural habitat in Central Chile (Maule region) during March 2022 and June 2023 by applying morphological, histopathological, and molecular analyses. As result, we report the presence of transmission of parasites from dogs to pudus as showed by the presence of metacestodes of the parasite Taenia hydatigena on omentum, liver, and pleura of pudus during postmortem examinations, being the first molecular report on the presence of this parasite on Chilean pudu. Meanwhile, ectoparasite examinations determined the presence of chewing and sucking lice on pudu exemplars here analysed. Molecular and phylogenetic analysis of lice revealed new insights on Bovicola and Anoplura lice parasitizing P. puda in Chile, equally being the first genetic characterization of lice parasitizing pudu
exemplars in Chile. In addition, parasite loads of lice and metacestodes were analysed. However, no statistically significance was observed when comparing environmental and individual traits influence on parasite load variation. Overall, the study area is the northern
limit of habitat distribution of this specie in Chile and we here provide novel information on pudu deer parasites, thus making a useful and valuable contribution to the parasitological knowledge on this threatened species.

}, keywords = {Chile, lice, louse, Southern pudu, Taenia hydatigena, Threatened species, wildlife conservation}, issn = {0165-2176, 1875-5941}, doi = {10.1080/01652176.2024.2302027}, url = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01652176.2024.2302027}, author = {Tamara Mu{\~n}oz-Caro and Mar{\'\i}a Fernanda Gonz{\'a}lez and Rodrigo Villalobos and Alejandro Hidalgo} } @article {95942, title = {Identification of Lice Stored in Alcohol Using MALDI-TOF MS}, journal = {Journal of Medical Entomology}, volume = {58}, year = {2020}, month = {Dec-21-2020}, pages = {1126-1133}, abstract = {

Lice pose major public and veterinary health problems with economic consequences. Their identification is essential and requires the development of an innovative strategy. MALDI-TOF MS has recently been proposed as a quick, inexpensive, and accurate tool for the identification of arthropods. Alcohol is one of the most frequently used storage methods and makes it possible to store samples for long periods at room temperature. Several recent studies have reported that alcohol alters protein profiles resulting from MS analysis. After preliminary studies on frozen lice, the purpose of this research was to evaluate the influence of alcohol preservation on the accuracy of lice identification by MALDI-TOF MS. To this end, lice stored in alcohol for variable periods were submitted for MS analysis and sample preparation protocols were optimized. The reproducibility and specificity of the MS spectra obtained on both these arthropod families allowed us to implement the reference MS spectra database (DB) with protein profiles of seven lice species stored in alcohol. Blind tests revealed a correct identification of 93.9\% of Pediculus humanus corporis (Linnaeus, 1758) and 98.4\% of the other lice species collected in the field. This study demonstrated that MALDI-TOF MS could be successfully used for the identification of lice stored in alcohol for different lengths of time.

R\ésum\é

Les poux posent des probl\èmes majeurs de sant\é publique et v\ét\érinaire, avec des cons\équences \économiques. Leur identification est essentielle et n\écessite le d\éveloppement d\’une strat\égie innovante. Le MALDI-TOF MS a r\écemment \ét\é propos\é comme un outil rapide, peu co\ûteux et pr\écis pour l\’identification des arthropodes. L\’alcool est l\’une des m\éthodes de stockage les plus fr\équemment utilis\ées et permet de conserver les \échantillons pendant de longues p\ériodes \à temp\érature ambiante. Plusieurs \études r\écentes ont rapport\é que l\’alcool modifie les profils prot\éiques r\ésultant de l\’analyse de la SEP. Apr\ès des \études pr\éliminaires sur les poux congel\és, le but de cette recherche \était d\’\évaluer l\’influence de la conservation de l\’alcool sur la pr\écision de l\’identification des poux par la SEP MALDI-TOF. \À cette fin, des poux conserv\és dans l\’alcool pendant des p\ériodes variables ont \ét\é soumis \à l\’analyse de la SEP et les protocoles de pr\éparation des \échantillons ont \ét\é optimis\és. La reproductibilit\é et la sp\écificit\é des spectres de MS obtenus sur ces arthropodes nous ont permis de mettre en \œuvre la base de donn\ées des spectres de MS de r\éf\érence (DB) avec les profils prot\éiques de sept esp\èces de poux stock\és dans l\’alcool. Des tests en aveugle ont r\év\él\é une identification correcte de 93,9\% de Pediculus humanus corporis (Linnaeus, 1758) et de 98,4\% des autres esp\èces de poux collect\ées sur le terrain. Cette \étude a d\émontr\é que le MALDI-TOF MS pouvait \être utilis\é avec succ\ès pour l\’identification des poux stock\és dans l\’alcool pendant diff\érentes dur\ées.

Attached pdf file is preprint copy

}, keywords = {identification, lice, MALDI-TOF MS, storage method}, issn = {0022-2585, 1938-2928}, doi = {10.1093/jme/tjaa266}, url = {https://academic.oup.com/jme/article-abstract/58/3/1126/6042599}, author = {Hanene Benyahia and Basma Ouarti and Adama Zan Diarra and Mehdi Boucheikhchoukh and Mohamed Nadir Meguini and Makhlouf Behidji and Ahmed Benakhla and Parola,Phillipe and Lionel Almeras} } @article {95343, title = {Archaeoentomological Research in the North Atlantic: Past, Present, and Future}, journal = {Journal of the North Atlantic}, volume = {26}, year = {2014}, month = {09-2014}, pages = {1-24}, abstract = {

This paper reviews archaeoentomolgical research in the North Atlantic region, which until relatively recently,\  was focused mainly on Norse and later farms in Iceland, Greenland, and the Faroes, providing insights into many aspects of daily life on these settlements as well as their impacts on the local environment. Conversely, little research had been undertaken\  on\  insect\  fossils\  from\  hunter-gatherer\  settlements,\  save\  a\  handful\  of\  investigations\  from\  deposits\  associated\  with Saqqaq sites in Western Greenland. Over the past decade, the scope of these studies has extended to encompass new territories, time periods, and research questions. Insect remains from Palaeo- and Neo-Eskimo sites in the eastern Canadian Arctic were examined for the first time, and previously unexamined Norse and later sites have revealed new applications for archaeoentomology. This emerging body of work demonstrates the potential and importance of the continued integration of archaeoentomology in archaeological projects

}, url = {https://www.eaglehill.us/JONAonline/articles/JONA-26/03-Forbes.shtml}, author = {V{\'e}ronique Forbes and Fr{\'e}d{\'e}ric Dussault and Allison Bain} } @article {95246, title = {Phylogenomics of parasitic and non-parasitic lice (Insecta: Psocodea): Combining sequence data and Exploring compositional bias solutions in Next Generation Datasets}, journal = {Systematic Biology}, year = {2020}, month = {09-2020}, type = {Advance article, pre-print}, abstract = {

The insect order Psocodea is a diverse lineage comprising both parasitic (Phthiraptera) and non-parasitic members (Psocoptera). The extreme age and ecological diversity of the group may be associated with major genomic changes, such as base compositional biases expected to affect phylogenetic inference. Divergent morphology between parasitic and non-parasitic members has also obscured the origins of parasitism within the order. We conducted a phylogenomic analysis on the order Psocodea utilizing both transcriptome and genome sequencing to obtain a data set of 2,370 orthologous genes. All phylogenomic analyses, including both concatenated and coalescent methods suggest a single origin of parasitism within the order Psocodea, resolving conflicting results from previous studies. This phylogeny allows us to propose a stable ordinal level classification scheme that retains significant taxonomic names present in historical scientific literature and reflects the evolution of the group as a whole. A dating analysis, with internal nodes calibrated by fossil evidence, suggests an origin of parasitism that predates the K-Pg boundary. Nucleotide compositional biases are detected in third and first codon positions and result in the anomalous placement of the Amphientometae as sister to Psocomorpha when all nucleotide sites are analyzed. Likelihood-mapping and quartet sampling methods demonstrate that base compositional biases can also have an effect on quartet-based methods.

Attachment 95246.pdf file is an Advance article, pre-print

Printed version is also attached.

}, keywords = {Illumina, Phthiraptera, Psocoptera, Quartet sampling, Recoding methods}, issn = {1063-5157}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syaa075}, url = {https://academic.oup.com/sysbio/article/70/4/719/5912026}, author = {Robert S. de_Moya and Kazunori Yoshizawa and Kimberly K. O. Walden and Andrew D. Sweet and Christopher H. Dietrich and Kevin P. Johnson} } @article {44203, title = {Phylogeny of the lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) inferred from small subunit rRNA}, journal = {Zoologica Scripta}, volume = {32}, year = {2003}, month = {2003}, pages = {407 - 414}, abstract = {

There has been much argument about the phylogenetic relationships of the four suborders of lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera). Lyal\&$\#$39;s study of the morphology of lice indicated that chewing/biting lice (Mallophaga) are paraphyletic with respect to sucking lice (Anoplura). To test this hypothesis we inferred the phylogeny of 33 species of lice from small subunit (SSU) rRNA sequences (18S rRNA). Liposcelis sp. from the Liposcelididae (Psocoptera) was used for outgroup reference. Phylogenetic relationships among the four suborders of lice inferred from these sequences were the same as those inferred from morphology. The Amblycera is apparently the sister-group to all other lice whereas the Rhynchophthirina is apparently sister to the Anoplura; these two suborders are sister to the Ischnocera, i.e. (Amblycera (Ischnocera (Anoplura, Rhynchophthirina))). Thus, the Mallophaga (Amblycera, Ischnocera, Rhynchophthirina) is apparently paraphyletic with respect to the Anoplura. Our analyses also provide evidence that: (i) each of the three suborders of lice that are well represented in our study (the Amblycera, Ischnocera, and Anoplura) are monophyletic; (ii) the Boopiidae is monophyletic; (iii) the genera Heterodoxus and Latumcephalum (Boopiidae) are more closely related to one another than either is to the genus Boopia (also Boopiidae); (iv) the Ricinidae and Laemobothridae may be sister-taxa; (v) the Philopteridae may be paraphyletic with respect to the Trichodectidae; (vi) the genera Pediculus and Pthirus are more closely related to each other than either is to the genus Pedicinus; and (vii) in contrast to published data for mitochondrial genes, the rates of nucleotide substitution in the SSU rRNA of lice are not higher than those of other insects, nor do substitution rates in the suborders differ substantially from one another.

}, url = {http://phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/42823pdf.pdf}, author = {Stephen C. Barker and Michael F. Whiting and Kevin P. Johnson and Murrell,Anna} } @article {42070, title = {Topographische Spezialisation bei Ektoparasiten}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Parasitenkunde}, volume = {11}, year = {1939}, note = {277}, month = {1939}, pages = {205 - 214}, keywords = {biology, Bovicola, Columbicola, Degeeriella, ecology, Eomenacanthus, Gliricola porcelli), goniocotes, Haematomyzus, linognathus ovillus, lipeurus, Menacanthus, Pediculus, Pthirus, Troester}, url = {http://phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/42070.pdf}, author = {Eichler,Wolfdietrich} }