@mastersthesis {96570, title = {Ectoparasitismo de aves em um fragmento de Mata Atl{\^a}ntica no Distrito de Cacaria (Pira{\'\i}, RJ)}, volume = {MSc}, year = {2018}, month = {19-Jul-2018}, pages = {62 pp}, school = {Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro}, type = {Programa de P{\'o}s-Gradua{\c c}{\~a}o em Biologia Animal}, address = {Serop{\'e}dica}, abstract = {

Este estudo analisa a fauna de ectoparasitos associados as aves residentes da regi\ão Sudeste do Brasil. Foram analisadas taxas de preval\ência e intensidade de infesta\ç\ão de \ácaros de penas, mal\ófagos e carrapatos. Al\ém da influ\ência de vari\áveis ecol\ógicas (reprodu\ç\ão, muda, idade e sexo) na infesta\ç\ão de mal\ófagos nas aves do presente estudo. Coletas mensais foram realizadas durante o per\íodo de junho a dezembro de 2016 e fevereiro e mar\ço de 2017. As aves foram capturadas com redes de neblina abertas do alvorecer ao crep\úsculo. Os ectoparasitos coletados foram preservados em \álcool 70\% e identificados em laborat\ório. Foram capturadas 150 aves, pertencentes a 64 esp\écies, distribu\ídas em 18 fam\ílias e em 5 ordens, em sua maioria, Passeriformes. Do total de aves amostradas 75\% estavam parasitadas por \ácaros de penas, 44\% por mal\ófagos e 14,7\% por carrapatos. Foram identificados 16 g\êneros de \ácaros de penas, 6 esp\écies e 4 em n\ível de subfam\ília. Para mal\ófagos foi identificado 1 esp\écie em n\ível espec\ífico e 12 g\êneros. Somente ninfas e larvas foram encontradas em associa\ç\ão com carrapatos. As vari\áveis ecol\ógicas analisadas no n\ível de infesta\ç\ão de mal\ófagos variaram de acordo com o per\íodo de troca de penas e idade, n\ão havendo diferen\ça significativa em rela\ç\ão ao sexo e per\íodo reprodutivo.

Keywords: Aves, \ácaro de penas, piolhos, carrapatos

English translated Title: Ectoparasitism of birds in an Atlantic Forest fragment in the District of Cacaria (Pira\í, RJ, Brazil)

This study analyzes the fauna of ectoparasites associated with resident birds of the Southeast region of Brazil. Prevalence rates and intensity of infestation of feather mites, chewing lice and ticks were analyzed. In addition to the influence of ecological variables (reproduction, molting, age and sex) in the infestation of lice in the birds of the present study. Monthly collections were conducted during the period from June to December 2016 and February and March of 2017. The birds were caught with mist nets open from dawn to dusk. The ectoparasites collected were preserved in alcohol 70\% and identified in the laboratory. A total of 150 birds, belonging to 64 species, were distributed in 18 families and in 5 orders, mostly Passeriformes. Of the total sampled birds, 75\% were parasitized by feather mites, 44\% by chewing lice and 14.7\% by ticks. Sixteen genus of feather mites, six species and four subfamily levels were identified. For chewing lice was identified 1 species in specific level and 12 genera. Only nymphs and larvae were found in association with ticks. The ecological variables analyzed in the level of infestation of chewing lice varied according to the period of change of feathers and age, not having significant difference in relation to the sex and reproductive period.

}, keywords = {birds, feather mite, lice, ticks, Tyranniphilopterus}, url = {https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/5587}, author = {Soares, Sabrina dos Santos} } @article {95354, title = {Prevalence of Ectoparasites and Its Identification in Captive Wild Birds}, journal = {International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences}, volume = {7}, year = {2018}, month = {08-2018}, pages = {1093 - 1100}, abstract = {

The present study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of ectoparasite in captive wild birds. Fallen feathers and individual bird examination was conducted for identification of mite, lice and fly in Psittaciformes and columbiformes bird from Avian and Exotic pet Unit (AEPU) (OP), Teaching veterinary clinical complex, Madras veterinary college, Chennai, University Research farm(URF), Tamilnadu Veterinary and Animal sciences University, Madhavaram, Chennai, Arignar Anna Zoological Park (AAZP)-Vandalur, Chennai, Private and Pet Shops in and around Chennai. Columbicola sp, Menocanthus Sp, Anaticola Sp and Pseudolynchia sp were identified in AEPU and URF

}, keywords = {Captive Wild Birds, ectoparasites}, issn = {23197692}, doi = {10.20546/ijcmas.2018.708.124}, url = {https://www.ijcmas.com/abstractview.php?ID=9290\&vol=7-8-2018\&SNo=124}, author = {K. Saranya and S. Prathaban and K. Senthilkumar and A. Srithar and S. Gomathinayagam} } @article {95057, title = {A Survey of Ectoparasites in the Free Range Domestic Fowl, Gallus Gallus domesticus, In Amassoma, Bayelsa State, Nigeria}, journal = {Journal of Environment and Bio Research}, volume = {2}, year = {2018}, month = {08-2018}, pages = {1-3}, type = {Open Access}, abstract = {

This study evaluated the ectoparasites in free range domestic chicken, Gallus gallus domesticus, in Amassoma, Bayelsa state, Nigeria. A total of
20 specimens of domestic fowls, comprising of 7 males and 13 females, were sampled in Amassoma, Bayelsa state, Nigeria, between September
and October 2014. The specimens were physically examined for ectoparasites. The resultant parasites were viewed under the microscopy and the
results compared with identification key based on their morphology. Results showed the presence of one species of lice, Menacanthus stramineus
and mites, Dermanyssus gallinae, with prevalence rate of 30\% and 20\%, respectively. The intensity of infection was 1.00 and 0.65 for Menacanthus
stramineus and Dermanyssus gallinae, respectively. As such, there is the need for a close study of free range domestic fowl ectoparasites to
determine their level of public health importance since the fowls interact and sometimes feed on food sources of humans.

}, keywords = {chicken, Dermanyssus gallinae, Free range, parasite}, url = {https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/A-Survey-of-Ectoparasites-in-the-Free-Range-Fowl\%2C-Bassey-Marroh/9cca164fdbaa0314677a2b5597f5f65a26f47363}, author = {Sunday Etim Bassey and Ruth Marroh} } @article {94987, title = {Prevalence of Ectoparasites Infestation in Poultry in Haramaya District, Eastern Hararghe Zone; Oromia Region, Ethiopia}, journal = {Journal of Veterinary Science \& Technology}, volume = {9}, year = {2018}, month = {2018}, pages = {4 pp}, type = {e-1000546}, abstract = {

The poultry industry has an important position in the provision of animal protein (meat and egg) to man and playsa vital role in the national economy as a source of revenue. Ectoparasites received little attention in almost all theproduction systems. Thus, the study was conducted in 2014 with the objectives to estimate prevalence and speciesof chicken ectoparasites, their predilection sites and to assess potential risk factors associated with their infestation.The present study shows that the prevalence of various ectoparasites in both local and exotic chicken that arereared under both extensive and semi intensive management systems, in eastern Hararghe, Haramaya district. Thedirect stereomicroscopic identification of poultry ectoparasites identified five species of parasites belonging to theorders of Acarina, Arachnida, Sinophthera and Phthinapthera. The overall prevalence of the ectoparasites in freelyscavenging chicken in Haramaya district was 55.47\%, which may hinder the productivity of the subsector. Hence,awareness creation should be made to producers to put in place better control and preventive measures to gain theexpected output from the growing sector.

}, keywords = {chicken, lice}, doi = {10.4172/2157-7579.1000546}, url = {https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/prevalence-of-ectoparasites-infestation-in-poultry-in-haramaya-district-eastern-hararghe-zone-oromia-region-ethiopia-2157-7579-1000546-102956.html}, author = {Biressaw Serda and Michael Abdi} } @article {94969, title = {Distribution of poultry ectoparasites in industrial farms, farms, and private plots with different rearing technologies}, journal = {Biosystems Diversity}, volume = {26}, year = {2018}, month = {08-2019}, pages = {153 - 159}, abstract = {

One of the problems in growing and keeping poultry, both in industrial and farm and kitchen garden environments is ectoparasites, which are responsible for lowering the productivity of poultry and causing economic losses. The study of the prevalence and diagnosis of bird ectoparasites on poultry farms with different maintenance technologies is important for the further development of integrated methods for combating them. Our research was conducted during 2006\–2017 in 16 regions of Ukraine and the Autonomous Republic of Crimea. In total, 38 poultry farms specializing in egg production with poultry kept in battery cages, 18 poultry houses specializing in egg production with poultry kept on the floor and more than 150 farm and kitchen garden poultry houses for keeping chickens, turkeys, quails, guinea fowl and pigeons were examined. We found that, both with battery cages and when poultry are kept on the floor in poultry farms, the most common ectoparasites are chicken mites (Dermanyssus gallinae), which causes the disease of dermanyssiosis. It was determined that the extensivity of the invasion was, on average, from 56\% to 80\%. Also, in the chickens and turkeys, mallophages (Menopon gallinae, Menacanthus stramineus), which cause mallophagoses, were detected, and the extensivity of the invasion ranged from 27\% to 45\%. In farms and kitchen gardens where chickens, guinea fowl and quails were kept, the number of chicken mites in 1 g substrate was more than a thousand live mites, in dovecotes chicken mites were found in 50\% to 100\% of nests. In chickens and turkeys, besides the chicken mite, bird lice were found. In chickens, extensivity of invasion of M. gallinae, M. stramineus, Lipeurus variabilis, ranged from 15\% to 22\%, in turkeys, extensivity of invasion of M. gallinae and M. stramineus ranged from 16\% to 25\%. The scaly leg mite (Knemidocoptes mutans), which causes the disease knemidocoptiasis (\"lame leg\"), was detected in incubating hens over the age of two years, the extensivity of the invasion ranged from 5\% to 7\%. It was established that in poultry farms, both in battery cages and when the birds were kept on the floor, the main ectoparasite in chickens, guinea fowl and quail is red chicken mite (D. gallinae), and on poultry farms and kitchen gardens in addition to the chicken mite, three types of bird lice (M. gallinae, M. stramineus, L. variabilis) and K. mutans were found.

}, keywords = {red chicken mite; pulmonary diseases; dermanyssiosis; mallophages; knemidocoptiasis}, issn = {2519-8513}, doi = {10.15421/011824}, url = {https://ecology.dp.ua/index.php/ECO/article/view/800}, author = {Anatoliy P. Paliy and Anna. M. Mashkey and Natali. V. Sumakova and Andriy P. Paliy} } @article {94960, title = {Survey of Ectoparasites Infesting Captive Birds in the Jos Museum Zoological Garden, North Central, Nigeria}, journal = {Journal of Natural Sciences Research}, volume = {8}, year = {2018}, pages = {36 - 40}, abstract = {

Many ectoparasites are known vectors of many diseases causing pathogens. Thus a survey of ectoparasite infesting captive birds in the Jos Museum Zoological Garden, Plateau state, north central Nigeria was carried out using direct collection method between February to July 2014. A total of 13 individuals of captive birds of non-passeriformes group belonging to 8 orders, 8 families and 13 species were sampled using five predilection sites. A total of 58 ectoparasites distributed across 3 orders were collected. Out of the 13 bird species sampled, six were found to be infested with ectoparasites. There is a significant difference (X2 = 158.069, df = 12, P = 0.001) in ectoparasitic load in relation to birds species. There is no significant difference (X2 = 4.069, df = 4, P = 0.39) in ectoparasitic load in relation to predilection sites. However, there is a significant difference in ectoparasitic load in relation to predilection sites of some bird species sampled (marabou stork: X2 = 32.4286, df = 4, P = 0.001; Ostrich: = 24, df = 4, P = 0.001; crown crane: X2 = 22.8696, df = 4, P = 0.001). The wing, back and neck are the most infested predilection sites. This study revealed a low ectoparasites infestation in captive birds in the Jos Museum Zoological Garden which was attributed to serious preening and allo-preening carried out by some bird species as means of combating ectoparasites. It is therefore important that periodic inspection be carried out to reduce incidence of ectoparasites infestation.

}, keywords = {captive birds, ectoparasites, Jos, museum, Zoological Garden}, issn = {2224-3186 (paper), 2225-0921 (Online)}, url = {https://www.iiste.org/Journals/index.php/JNSR/article/view/41940}, author = {Hasley Livinus Njila and D.J. Debi-Dore and Akwashiki Ombugadu and M. Dibal and Mangai Joseph Mafuyai} } @article {94936, title = {Prevalence of the major ectoparasites of poultry in extensive and intensive farms in Jimma, Southwestern Ethiopia}, journal = {Journal of Parasitology and Vector Biology}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, pages = {87 - 96}, abstract = {

Ectoparasites pose a serious health threat and constitute major impediments in poultry production in many countries of the world including\  Ethiopia. However, they are paid less attention as endoparasites and infectious diseases; the huge economic burden of the parasites need a comprehensive study encompassing both intensive and free range poultry in order to generate accurate information about the disease. The current study was designed to identify species composition, estimate prevalence and assess associated risk factor of ectoparasites of poultry in extensive and intensive farms in and around Jimma town. A cross sectional study was conducted from January to June 2017 and a total of 384 chickens from purposively selected two intensive farms (n=222) and randomly selected free range systems (n=162) were sampled by systematic random sampling technique. Ectoparasites were collected from different parts of the body including skin scrapings from the shank and base of the wing. Breed, ages, sexes and management system were recorded. This study showed overall prevalence of 65.6\% and lice, fleas and mites were predominant ectoparasite in the current area with prevalence rates of 28, 26.6 and 10.9\% respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that ectoparasite infestation was significantly higher in local than exotic chickens (OR=12; CI=7.320-19.673; P\<0.001). Regarding ages, adults were found to be 6.29 more likely susceptible to ectoparasites than young chickens (OR=6.29; CI=3.745-10.587; P\<0.001). Similarly, statistically significant variation was encountered between sexes as females were more infested than male chicken in the current study (OR=1.48;\  CI=1.277-2.242; P=0.040). Additionally, chickens kept under extensive management were significantly prone to ectoparasites than that kept under intensive management system (OR=8.12; CI=5.012-13.164; P\<0.001). Generally, the study revealed that ectoparasites are highly prevalent in extensive farming system than in intensive farming system and in exotic than local chicken. Therefore, the control of ectoparasites and creation of awareness in the community on the overall effect of ectoparasites on productivity of poultry is highly recommended.

}, keywords = {chicken, ectoparasites, extensive farm., Intensive, poultry, Prevalence}, issn = {2141-2510}, url = {https://academicjournals.org/journal/JPVB/article-abstract/274DA2557482}, author = {Wario Mata and Wako Galgalo and Kula Jilo} } @article {94932, title = {Ectoparasites of the endemic rodent Abrocoma bennetti (Hystricomorpha: Abrocomidae) from semiarid Chile}, journal = {Gayana (Concepci{\'o}n)}, volume = {82}, year = {2018}, month = {01-2018}, pages = {94 - 97}, abstract = {

Spanish title: Ectopar\ásitos del roedor end\émico Abrocoma bennetti (Hystricomorpha: Abrocomidae)
en Chile semi\árido

RESUMEN
Se captur\ó un total de 13 individuos del roedor Abrocoma bennetti y 354 ectopar\ásitos de 10 especies diferentes fueron
recolectados y analizados. La especie m\ás abundante fue el phthiraptero Monogyropus longus (61,54\%), seguido por el
sifon\áptero Neotyphloceras chilensis (38,46\%). En este estudio Gyropus distinctus (15,38\%) es reportado como nuevo
registro para A. bennetti, descrito previamente en Octodon degus, un roedor que usualmente vive en simpatr\ía con A.
bennetti. Se registran por primera vez la pulga Delostichus smiti y los \ácaros Ornithonyssus sp. y Androlaelaps farhenholzi
en esta especie de roedor.

ABSTRACT
A total of 13 individuals of the rodent Abrocoma bennetti were captured and 354 ectoparasites belonging to 10 different
species were collected and analyzed. The most abundant species was the Phthiraptera Monogyropus longus (61.54\%),
followed by the Siphonaptera Neotyphloceras chilensis (38.46\%). In this study Gyropus distinctus (15.38\%) is reported as
new record for A. bennetti, previously described for Octodon degus, a rodent usually living in sympatry with A. bennetti.
For the fi rst time the fl ea Delostichus smiti, and the mites Ornithonyssus sp. and Androlaelaps fahrenholzi are recorded in
this rodent species

}, keywords = {Gyropus distinctus, Monogyropus longus}, issn = {0717-652X}, doi = {10.4067/S0717-65382018000100094}, url = {http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext\&pid=S0717-65382018000100094\&lng=en\&nrm=iso\&tlng=en}, author = {Andrea Y{\'a}{\~n}ez-Meza and L. Moreno and Carezza Botto-Mahan} } @article {94898, title = {Prevalence of Lice Infestation in Domestic Pigeon Columba Livia Domestica in South-Eastern Pakistan}, journal = {University of Sindh Journal of Animal Sciences}, volume = {2}, year = {2018}, month = {Nov 2018}, pages = {24 - 29}, abstract = {

The present study was carried out to determine prevalence of lice infestation in pet pigeons in Umerkot region of south-eastern Pakistan. The samples were collected from a total of 100 pet pigeons from fourteen different localities of Umerkot city. The data recorded includes point prevalence, diversity and intensity of lice infestation in different breeds of pigeons kept under different management systems. In the study area pigeons were found to be infested with two lice species i.e. Columbicola columbae and Menopon gallinae. The overall prevalence of the lice infestation was recorded as 80\% (80/100). The highest infestation rate was recorded in the area of Oad Mohalla and Kolhi Daro 100\% (5/5) followed by Sanbhwani, Babar, Khosa Mohalla with the infection rate as 80\% (5/4) and Chandiram Mohalla 80\% (10/8), in Pathan Mohalla the infestation rate as 70\% (10/7), in Machi and Lohar Mohalla the infestation rate was 60\% (5/3) and in Sheikh Mohalla infestation rate was also 60\% (10/6), respectively. Interestingly, female pigeons were found more susceptible with highest infestation rate 86\% (42 / 49) as compared to 74\% in males. It was also found that adult birds are more susceptible to the infestation than that of young birds while birds with poor body condition was highly susceptible to the infestation indicating clear correlation with nutrition and lice infestation. Meanwhile, severity of infestation in affected birds was recorded as 60\%, 28.75\%, and 11.25\% as low, medium and high infestation, respectively. It was found that lice infestation is an important problem in pigeons in the study area and might be the source of infection, which needs proper attention to control infectious diseases.

}, keywords = {domestic, lice, Pakistan, Pet pigeon, Prevalence}, url = {http://sujo2.usindh.edu.pk/index.php/USJAS/article/view/165}, author = {Abdullah G. Arijo and Anil Kumar Malhi and Nasreen Akhter and Zubair Ahmed Laghari and Mool Chand Malhi} } @article {94863, title = {Ecto-and Endo-parasites of domestic birds in Owan west, east and Akoko-Edo in Edo state of Nigeria}, journal = {International Journal of Zoology Studies}, volume = {3}, year = {2018}, month = {09-2018}, pages = {28 - 35}, abstract = {

Parasites are major cause of low productivity in poultry resulting in poor health, stunted growth, low productivity and yield of birds especially those reared in free-range. Twenty-three (23) live domestic birds comprising of 13 chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus), 6 ducks (Anas sparsa), and 4 pigeons\  (Columba livia) distributed across 3 Local Government Council Areas (LGAs) in Owan West, East and Akoko-Edo of Edo State, Nigeria, was screened for ecto- and endo-parasites. In addition, two hundred (200) faecal samples from 200 domestic birds distributed across the 3 LGAs were investigated for endoparasites. From the 23 live birds, nine species of ectoparasite (Mallophaga-lice), were recovered, of which Menopon gallinae recorded the highest prevalence (23.33\%), while Coclutogaster heterographus recorded the least (3.33\%). 162 of the 223 birds (23 live birds + 200 faecal samples) investigated were positive for endoparasites recording an overall prevalence of 72.65\%. From these hosts, 25 species of endohelminths comprising of 9 species of cestode; 13 species of nematode; 3 species of trematode and some protozoan sporocysts were recovered. Raillietina tetragona recorded the highest overall prevalence (20.40\%), while Amidostomum anseris recorded the least with a prevalence of 0.20\%. All 13 live chickens (100\%) and 2 pigeons (50\%) were observed to be infected with endoparasites. They included: 8 species of cestode; 3 species of nematode and a trematode species. R. tetragona recorded the highest overall prevalence (24.69\%) while A. anseris recorded the least with a prevalence of 0.94\%. A total of 147 (73.50\%) of the 200 faecal samples investigated recorded various species of endoparasites. They included: 12 species of nematode (63.39\%); 6 species of cestode (29.46\%); 2 species of trematode (6.25\%) and some unsporulated protozoan sporocysts (0.89\%). Heterakis gallinarum recorded the highest prevalence (21.88\%) while A. anseris recorded the least (0.45\%). These observations showed that the recorded ecto-and endo-parasites are major consequences of the bird\’s migratory and unhygienic feeding habits which resulted in poor-health, productivity and even death.

}, keywords = {Anas sparsa, Columbia livie, Domestic birds, ecto-and endo-parasites, feeding habits, Gallus gallus domestica, parasitic infections}, issn = {2455-7269}, url = {http://www.zoologyjournals.com/archives/2018/vol3/issue5/3-4-38}, author = {E.U. Edosomwan and E.J. Igetei} } @article {94861, title = {Ecto and Endo Parasites of Domestic Birds in Owan West, East and Akoko-Edo in Edo State of Nigeria}, journal = {Annals of Reviews and Research}, volume = {4}, year = {2018}, pages = {8 pp}, type = {Open Access. 555629.pdf}, abstract = {

Twenty-three (23) live domestic birds comprising of 13 chickens (Gallus gallus domestica), 6 ducks (Anas sparsa), and 4 pigeons (Columbia livie) distributed across 3 Local Government Council Areas (LGAs) in Owan West, East and Akoko-Edo of Edo State, Nigeria, was screened for ecto- and endo-parasites. In addition, two hundred (200) faecal samples from 200 domestic birds distributed across the 3 LGAs were investigated for endoparasites. From the 23 live birds, nine species of ectoparasite (Mallophaga-lice), were recovered, of which Menopon gallinae recorded the highest prevalence (23.33\%), while Coclutogaster heterographus recorded the least (3.33\%). 162 of the 223 birds (23 live birds + 200 faecal samples) investigated were positive for endoparasites recording an overall prevalence of 72.65\%. From these hosts, 25 species of endo-helminths comprising of 9 species of cestode; 13 species of nematode; 3 species of trematode and some protozoan sporocysts were recovered. Raillietina tetragona recorded the highest overall prevalence (20.40\%), while Amidostomum anseris recorded the least with a prevalence of 0.20\%. All 13 live chickens (100\%) and 2 pigeons (50\%) were observed to be infected with endoparasites. They included: 8 species of cestode; 3 species of nematode and a trematode species. R. tetragona recorded the highest overall prevalence (24.69\%) while A. anseris recorded the least with a prevalence of 0.94\%. A total of 147 (73.50\%) of the 200 faecal samples investigated recorded various species of endoparasites. They included: 12 species of nematode (63.39\%); 6 species of cestode (29.46\%); 2 species of trematode (6.25\%) and some unsporulated protozoan sporocysts (0.89\%). Heterakis gallinarum recorded the highest prevalence (21.88\%) while A. anseris recorded the least (0.45\%). These observations showed that the recorded ecto-and endo-parasites are major consequences of the bird\’s migratory and feeding habits.

}, keywords = {Anas sparsa, Coclutogaster heteronaphus, Columbia livie, Ecto and endo parasites; Domestic birds; Feeding habits and Parasitic infections, Gallus gallus domestica}, url = {https://juniperpublishers.com/arr/pdf/ARR.MS.ID.555629.pdf}, author = {E.U. Edosomwan and E.J. Igetei} } @article {94815, title = {Effect of Two Species of Ticks and Lice on Some Blood and Biochemical Parameters and their Role in the Transmission of Toxoplasma Gondii to Turkey Meleagris Gallopavo during Spring and Summer Seasons in AL-Diwaniyah Province {\textendash} Iraq}, journal = {Journal of Global Pharma Technology}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {11-2018}, pages = {273 - 280}, abstract = {

AL-Diwaniyah governorate was the research place, where the study was conducted in during spring and summer seasons from the start of March 2017 to the end of October 2018. 120 turkey birds were selected from some districts and areas of AL-Diwaniyah governorate such as AL-Diwaniyah, AL-Shamiya, AL- Daghara,AL- Sanniyah, AL-Hamza and Afak, With 20 birds per region (10 per season). Two species of ticks: Argus persicus and Dermacentor variabilis were diagnosed with 15\% and 18.3\% respectively, and two species of lice: Goniocotes gallinae and Menacanthus straminus with 37.5\% and 27.5\% sequentially. The results showed a significant increase in the Infection of ticks and lice in spring compared to summer, where the rate of infection of tick and lice was 51.66\% and 85\%, respectively, while infection rate in summer was 23.33\% and 35\%, respectively. Infection by lice was high during spring in the areas of AL- Dagara, AL- Saniyah,and AL- Hamza . It was observed that there increasing in the numbers of isolated lice species in these areas in comparison with the number of tick, whereas the lowest rates of infection by ticks and lice were in the province center. The results revealed a significant decreasing ( P ˂ 0.05 )in the concentration of Hb, the volume of PCV and the total number of RBC of infected birds compared with non-infected, while a high significant increasing was observed in the total number of WBC of infected birds in comparison with non-infected ones. The results of biochemical parameters of serum showed a significant decrease P (0.05) in the values of total protein concentrations, cholesterol and glucose of the infected birds\&$\#$39; serum. The lowest values were for infected birds with lice, followed by tick compared to control. Eye examination of the skin and feathers of infected birds illustrated the presence of important changes such as the fall; fracture and lack of feathers completely in some areas of skin as well as wounds, scratches, and bleeding were clearly observed. The results of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of tick A. persicus and lice M. stramineus tissues showed that diagnostic gene B1 (399bp) of T.gondii was present in 20 samples of the total number. This indicates the presence of this parasite in its tissues and ability to transmit it.

}, keywords = {lice, PCR, Tick, Turkey}, issn = {0975-8542}, url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329251611_Effect_of_Two_Species_of_Ticks_and_Lice_on_Some_Blood_and_Biochemical_Parameters_and_their_Role_in_the_Transmission_of_Toxoplasma_Gondii_to_Turkey_Meleagris_Gallopavo_during_Spring_and_Summer_Seasons_}, author = {Khalid Thamir Mattar Al-Shaibani and Hiba Riyadh Jameel Al-abodi and Hussein R. Mahmood} } @article {94812, title = {A Survey of Ectoparasites of Wild Bird Species at Two Gallery Forests Along River Benue at Makurdi Benue State, Nigeria}, journal = {American Journal of Entomology}, volume = {2}, year = {2018}, month = {07-2018}, pages = {10 - 15}, abstract = {

A survey of ectoparasite species infesting wild birds at two gallery forests in Makurdi was investigated to provide baseline information on the types of ectoparasites infesting wild birds. Birds were trapped from September 2015 to August 2016; a combination of visual examination and dust ruffling technique was used to remove ectoparasites from live birds. Specimens were preserved in labeled vials containing 70\% alcohol. The parasites were identified using standard taxonomic keys when viewed under a light microscope. A total of 254 birds were captured out of which, 174 (68.5\%) were infested with 1,294 ectoparasites (1,208 lice, 25ticks, 50 mites and 11 flies). The birds had high single infestation 107(42.1\%). Ectoparasitic infestation varied significantly between months (F(11, 253)=2.620, P\<0.05) and between bird species (F(58, 253)=2.353, P\<0.05), with the months of May and June showing higher infestations and at the Mu gallery Forest. The study concludes that there is high prevalence of ectoparasites on wild birds at gallery forests hence making the forests possible reservoir for ectoparasites for domestic birds. The study recommends further studies to determine the effects of parasites on the health of wild birds and possible transmission of parasites from wild to domestic birds.

}, keywords = {disease, host, Infestation, lice, Prevalence, vectors}, issn = {2640-0529}, doi = {10.11648/j.aje.20180202.12}, url = {http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/journal/paperinfo?journalid=547\&doi=10.11648/j.aje.20180202.12}, author = {Stephanie Mdzuami Adelusi and Isegbe Emmanuel Onah and Edward Agbo Omudu} } @unpublished {94757, title = {DOCUMENTATION OF CHEWING LICE (PHTHIRAPTERA: AMBLYECARA, ISCHNOCERA) INFESTING ACCIPITRIFORM BIRDS (AVES: ACCIPITRIFORMES) OF TURKEY}, year = {2018}, type = {Abstract of presentation}, url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324862448_Documentation_of_Chewing_Lice_Phthiraptera_Amblyecara_Ischnocera_Infesting_Accipitriform_Birds_Aves_Accipitriformes_of_Turkey{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright}}, author = {Bilal Dik and Muhammad Sajid} } @unpublished {94756, title = {ECTOPARASITES OF THE WILD BIRDS IN WILDLIFE RESCUE REHABILITATION TRAINING PRACTISE AND RESEARCH CENTER OF KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY IN AFYONKARAH{\.I}SAR, TURKEY}, year = {2018}, type = {Abstract of presentation}, keywords = {Cuculus canorus, Upipicola upupae, Upupa epops}, url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324862453_Ectoparasites_of_wild_birds_in_the_Wildlife_Rescue_Rehabilitation_Training_and_Research_Center_of_Kocatepe_University_in_Afyonkarahisar_Turkey}, author = {Bilal Dik and Emine Hesna Kandir} } @article {94751, title = {Study of ecto and haemo parasites in domestic pigeons (Columba livia domestica) in Sulaimani province, Kurdistan region/Iraq}, journal = {Journal of Zankoy Sulaimani - Part A}, volume = {20}, year = {2018}, month = {03-2019}, pages = {37 - 44}, abstract = {

Pigeons are very well adapted and proliferate without control in urban centers. In this current study, ectoparasites and haemoparasites of 140 adult domestic pigeons (Columba livia domestica) of both sexes were studied, from different localities in Sulaimani province during April to October 2014, since there is no enough data regarding the frequency and identification of ectoparasites and haemoparasites in domestic pigeons in Sulaimani province. All pigeons were examined for the presence of ectoparasites and haemoparasites through checking of blood samples using Giemsa stain. As a result, various species of ectoparasites and haemoparasites were observed. From which, 4 species of lice were detected named Columbicola columbae (62.5\%) followed by Hoborstiella lata (10.42\%), Campanulotes compar (4.17\%) and Menacanthus stramineus (3.13\%). On the other hands, 19.79\% of infected pigeons with ectoparasites were diagnosed with the presence of more than 1 lice species. Additionally, examined Giemsa stained smears showed that 55.72\% of studied pigeons were harbor haemoparasites including Haemoproteus species (28.20\%) followed by Plasmodium species (26.92\%) and then Leucocytozoon species (11.53\%) consequently.

}, keywords = {Columba livia domestica, ectoparasite, Haemoparasite, Pigeon, Sulaimani}, issn = {18124100}, doi = {10.17656/jzs.10640}, url = {http://jzs.univsul.edu.iq/issues/vol20n1/jzs-10640}, author = {Shadan Hassan Abdullah and Aram Ahmad Mohammed and Nahla Mohammed Saeid} } @article {94724, title = {Survey of parasites in domestic pigeons (Columba livia) in Tripoli, Libya}, journal = {Open Veterinary Journal}, volume = {8}, year = {2018}, month = {10-2019}, pages = {360 - 366}, abstract = {

This study was a preliminary survey for identification of parasites (endoparasites and ectoparasites) and their prevalence in domestic pigeons (Columba livia) in Tripoli; Libya. One hundred adult domestic pigeons were purchased from different markets of Tripoli. Blood smears were prepared from each bird and examined using light microscopy with oil immersion lens for the presence of blood parasites. Oropharyngeal swab was taken from each pigeon and were processed through direct smear method and staining with Giemsa to identify Trichomonas gallinae. Each pigeon was examined for ectoparasites. Moreover, intestinal parasites were investigated and all helminths were counted before being fixed in 70\% ethyl alcohol for further identification. Out of 100 pigeons examined, 76\% (76/100) were infected with Haemoproteus spp. and 55\% (55/100) with T. gallinae. The overall prevalence of ecto\–parasitic infestation was 89\% (82\% Columbicloa columbae, 18\% Goniodes gallinae, 3\% Menopon gallinae and 1\% Pseudolynchia canariensis). The overall prevalence of intestinal helminths in examined pigeons were 56\% (56/100). Three species of Cestoda (2\% Raillietina tetragona, 32\% R. echinobothrida and 4\% R. cesticillus) and three species of Nematoda (18\% Heterakis gallinarum., 22\% Ascaridia galli and 4\% Capillaria spp.) were identified. Also, this study revealed that the pigeons examined were found infected with mixed parasites. The study highlights that pigeons are hosts of helminths of veterinary importance and may act as an important source of infection for other avian host, which share the common parasitic fauna.

}, keywords = {ectoparasite, Endoparasite, Libya, Pseudolynchia canariensis, Tripoli}, issn = {2226-4485}, doi = {10.4314/ovj.v8i4.2}, url = {https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ovj/article/view/178864}, author = {Ferial A. Alkharigy and Adnan S. El-Naas and Abdulhakim A. EL-Maghrbi} } @conference {94648, title = {Chewing lice of wild birds from Portugal: neglected group of ectoparasites}, booktitle = {CIISA Congress 2018 - Exploring the boundaries of animal, veterinary and biomedical sciences}, year = {2018}, month = {2018}, publisher = {Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the University of Lisbon}, organization = {Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the University of Lisbon}, address = {University of Lisbon, Portugal}, abstract = {

Background: Chewing lice are permanent, obligate and host-specific ectoparasites commonly found on birds. Although chewing lice are relatively benign parasites, when present in large numbers they can cause changes in flight performance, thermoregulatory capacity, body mass and survival of the birds. According to BirdLife International approximately 310 species of birds occur in Portugal. However, the number of louse species documented is very limited. This study was carried out to determine chewing louse species of wild birds from Portugal. Methods: This study involves birds captured in mist-nets during the scientific ringing sessions and birds admitted at the Wildlife Rehabilitation and Investigation Centre of Ria Formosa. Chewing lice were collected using two methods: 1) visual search and collect for chewing lice in the plumage of each bird, during approximately 2 minutes; 2) fumigation chamber method, where birds are exposed to ethyl acetate for 15 minutes. Phthiraptera species were slide-mounted according to the Canada Balsam technique and identified. Results: Chewing lice were found on 43 (21.9\%) of the 196 specimens of wild birds examined, independently of the method applied. One hundred and twenty-two birds were only visually examined, with 26 (21.3\%) being parasitized. While for the fumigation method, 74 birds were examined, with 17 (22.9\%) infested. Infested birds comprise 12 species and the chewing lice identified belong to suborders Amblycera (14 species) and Ischnocera (7 species).

Poster presentation,\ Session 2 \– Animal Science and Production, Food Technology, Quality and Security \– From farm to fork

}, keywords = {birds, Chewing lice, Guimaraesiella tovornikae, Lunaceps schismatus, Portugal, wildlife}, url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329153800_Chewing_lice_of_wild_birds_from_Portugal_neglected_group_of_ectoparasites}, author = {Andr{\'e} Filipe Ven Tom{\'a}s and Ricardo L. Palma and Maria Teresa Rebelo and Isabel Pereira da Fonseca} } @article {94637, title = {Chewing lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) associated with vertebrates in Mexico}, year = {2018}, abstract = {

The chewing lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera: Amblycera and Ischnocera) of Mexico have been little studied and many publications include isolated records. This paper summarizes current knowledge of chewing lice recorded from Mexico resulting from an exhaustive search of the literature published from 1866 to 2017. We found 342 louse species associated with 206 bird and 28 mammal species. As a result, we provide a checklist of the chewing lice recorded from Mexico, including a host-parasite list and their geographical distribution within the country.

}, keywords = {birds, checklist, Chewing lice, lepidoptera, mammals, mexico}, isbn = {978-1-77670-296-1 (print), 978-1-77670-297-8 (online)}, doi = { http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4372.1.1}, url = {https://www.mapress.com/j/zt/article/view/zootaxa.4372.1.1}, author = {S{\'a}nchez-Montes, Sokani and Pablo Colunga-Salas and Luc{\'\i}a {\'A}lvarez-Castillo and Guzm{\'a}n-Cornejo, Carmen and Griselda Montiel-Parra} } @article {94635, title = {New Species of Chewing Lice (Phthiraptera: Amblycera, Ischnocera) of Common Myna Acridotheres tristis (Passeriformes: Sturnidae) from Pakistan}, journal = {International Journal of Entomology and Nematology}, volume = {4}, year = {2018}, month = {Dec 2018}, pages = {93 - 107}, type = {On-line Research Article}, abstract = {

Chewing lice (Phthiraptera) are obligatory parasites of birds and mammals. Little attention has been given to chewing lice species in Pakistan; hence this is a contribution towards the chewing lice fauna of the country. In the present work, two new species of chewing lice were recovered from common and native bird Acridotheres tristis (Common Myna) (Passeriformes: Sturnidae) in Sindh, Pakistan. During the examination of 80 birds of A. tristis, 65 birds produced two new species of chewing lice, belonging to genus Myrsidea (Amblycera: Menoponidae) and genus Sturnidoecus (Ischnocera: Philopteridae); however, all birds were prevalent to chewing lice of genus Brueelia and Menacanthus. The new species are described in detail, illustrated and compared with their closest allied species found on birds of family Sturnidae.

}, keywords = {common myna, new species, Pakistan}, issn = {2326-7262}, url = {https://www.premierpublishers.org/ijen/191020189526}, author = {Sindhu Bughio and Naz,Saima and Birmani, Nadir Ali} } @conference {94629, title = {Diversidad de especies del filo arthropoda en aves del {\'A}rea de Conservaci{\'o}n Privada Panguana, Hu{\'a}nuco, Per{\'u}}, booktitle = {XXI CONGRESO NACIONAL DE BIOLOGIA}, year = {2018}, month = {October 2018}, address = {Trujillo, Peru}, abstract = {

Conference poster in Spanish

RESUMEN

Per\ú es parte del Convenio sobre Diversidad Biol\ógica desde el a\ño 1992, y aun nuestra capacidad de cumplir con los compromisos es insuficiente, basta con revisar el \último informe nacional sobre aplicaci\ón del convenio en el cual se manifiesta que la base de datos del estado o situaci\ón de nuestra biodiversidad es limitada. Por lo tanto, el objetivo del presente estudio, en el \Área de Conservaci\ón Privada Panguana, en el departamento de Hu\ánuco, fue identificar las especies del filo Arthropoda que parasitan a las aves de dicho territorio. Entre marzo y abril de 2017 se capturaron 81 aves pertenecientes a cinco \órdenes, once familias y treintaiuna especies, ninguna de las cuales estuvo incluida en el libro rojo de aves amenazadas en el Per\ú. El porcentaje de especies correspondiente al Orden Passeriformes fue 77.4\% (24/31), siendo este el mayor de todas las aves capturadas. El total de aves infestadas fue 72.8\% (59/81), y los par\ásitos hallados pertenec\ían a las ordenes
Phthiraptera, Astigmata, Mesostigmata e Ixodida. Los ectopar\ásitos comunes a la mayor\ía de las aves pertenec\ían a piojos de los g\éneros Trochiloecotes y Trochiliphagus; \ácaros de los g\éneros Amerodectes y Proctophyllodes; y garrapata del genero Amblyomma. Por otro lado, los menos comunes fueron \ácaros de los g\éneros Paralgopsis, Andralaelaps y Dermanyssus; y piojos de los g\éneros Philopterus, Ricinus y Penenirmus. La aparente resiliencia debida a la baja especificidad parasito-hospedero podr\ía ser una ventaja en las condiciones del \Área de Conservaci\ón Privada Panguana, un supuesto que la biolog\ía molecular tendr\ía que resolver.

Palabras clave: Bosque neotropical, aves silvestres, artr\ópodos.

English title:\ Diversity of species of the phylum arthropoda in birds of the Panguana Private Conservation Area, Hu\ánuco, Peru

Abstract

Peru is part of the Convention on Biological Diversity since 1992, and even our capacity to comply with the commitments is insufficient, it is enough to review the last national report on application of the agreement in which it is stated that the database of the state or situation of our biodiversity is limited. Therefore, the objective of the present study, in the Private Conservation Area Panguana, in the department of Hu\ánuco, was to identify the species of the phylum Arthropod that parasitize the birds of said territory. Between March and April 2017, eighty one birds belonging to five orders, eleven families and thirty one species were captured, none of which was included in the red book of threatened birds in Peru. The percentage of species corresponding to the Passeriformes Order was 77.4\% (24/31), this being the highest of all the birds captured. The total infested birds were 72.8\% (59/81), and the parasites found belonged to the orders Phthiraptera, Astigmata, Mesostigmata and Ixodida. The ectoparasites common to most of the birds belonged to lice of the genera Trochiloecotes and Trochiliphagus; mites of the genera Amerodectes and Proctophyllodes; and tick of the Amblyomma genus. On the other hand, the least common were mites of the genera Paralgopsis, Andralaelaps and Dermanyssus; and lice of the genera Philopterus, Ricinus and Penenirmus. The apparent resilience due to low parasite-host specificity could be an advantage in the conditions of the Panguana Private Conservation Area, an assumption that molecular biology would have to resolve. Key words: Neotropical forest, wild birds, arthropods.

}, keywords = {arthropods, Neotropical forest, wild birds}, doi = {DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.36178.81606}, url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329167643_Diversity_of_species_of_the_phylum_arthropoda_in_birds_of_the_Panguana_Private_Conservation_Area_Huanuco_Peru}, author = {Carlos Alberto Pineda and Ferm{\'\i}n Fonseca and David Minaya} } @article {94623, title = {In vitro biology of pigeon louse Colpocephalum turbinatum (Amblycera: Phthiraptera)}, journal = {Journal of Applied and Natural Science}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {June 2018}, pages = {770 - 772}, abstract = {

In vitro rearing of amblyceran Phthiraptera is a challenging task. A look on the literature reveals that negligible information exists on the in vitro bionomics of avian Amblycera. Present report furnishes information on the in vitro biology of an amblyceran louse, Col- pocephalum turbinatum, reared at 35 \± 1 ̊C, 75-82\% Relative Humidity, at feather diet. The incubation period of the eggs of louse was determined as 5.37\±0.67 days. The du- ration of first, second and third nymphal instars remained 5.04\±0.65, 5.12\±0.89 and 5.0\±0.57 days, respectively. The longevity of adult female (13.04 \± 3.67 days) was com- paratively longer than that of males (9.6\±2.87 days). An adult female laid an average of 0.63 egg/day in vitro condition (35\±1oC and 75-82\% RH, at feather diet).

}, keywords = {biting lice, Pigeon louse}, issn = {0974-9411}, doi = {10.31018/jans.v10i2.1776}, url = {https://journals.ansfoundation.org/index.php/jans/article/view/1776}, author = {Satyapal Singh Rana and Surender Kumar Bhardwaj and Arun Kumar Saxena} } @article {94597, title = {Inventory of lice of mammals and farmyard chicken in North-eastern Algeria}, journal = {Veterinary World}, volume = {11}, year = {2018}, month = {online March 201}, pages = {386 - 396}, abstract = {

Background and Aim: Lice are permanent ectoparasites, extremely specific to their hosts. Their great importance in veterinary medicine remain significant, they can cause their direct pathogenic actions like irritability, dermatitis, anemia, decreased weight gain, and milk production. The purpose of this work was to made the first time an inventory of mammalian lice in North-eastern Algeria.


Materials and Methods: Our survey of lice infestation was conducted on several animal species from five provinces of North-eastern Algeria. A total of 57 cattle, 83 sheep, 77 goats, 111 wild boars, and 63 farmyard chickens were examined. The collection of lice was carried out much more in mammals and chickens during the winter period. Lice were collected either manually or using brushing and kept in flasks containing 70\% ethanol. The identification of lice was achieved in the laboratory using a binocular loupe.


Results: Concerning cattle, 63\% and 27\% of those examined subjects from Souk-Ahras and Guelma study areas, respectively, were carriers of lice. Damalinia bovis was the louse most frequently found on cattle in these two regions. Three other species were identified in Souk-Ahras: Haematopinus eurysternus (25\%), Linognathus vituli (10\%), and Solenopotes capillatus (5\%). Regarding sheep, 39\% and 24\% of examined animals in Souk-Ahras and Guelma, were carrying lice. Damalinia ovis was the most frequently encountered lice on sheep in both regions. Linognathus ovillus also was identified in Souk-Ahras, representing 0.3\% of the collected lice. Concerning goats, 53\% and 30\% of examined animals in Souk-Ahras and Guelma, were parasitized of lice. Two species of lice were found: Damalinia caprae and Linognathus africanus. For farmyard chickens, 69\% and 100\% of the farmyard chicken in Souk-Ahras and Mila were parasitized by lice, respectively. Menopon gallinae was the most frequently encountered louse in farmyard chicken in both regions. Eight other species were identified in Mila and four other species only in Souk-Ahras. Finally, 25\% and 28\% of the wild boars in Annaba and El Tarf were parasitized by lice, respectively. Haematopinus suis was the only species found on wild boars in both regions.

Conclusion: These results are to be taken into account for lice control schemes and louse-borne diseases. Keywords: boars, farmyard chickens, lice, North-eastern Algeria, ruminants.

}, keywords = {boars, farmyard chickens, lice, North-eastern Algeria, ruminants}, issn = {09728988}, doi = {10.14202/vetworld.2018.386-396}, url = {http://www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.11/March-2018/21.pdf}, author = {Mohamed Nadir Meguini and Souad Righi and Faycal Zeroual and Khelaf Saidani and Ahmed Benakhla} } @article {94596, title = {Ectoparasites from some Myocastor coypus (Molina, 1782) populations (Coypus or Nutria) in Argentina}, journal = {Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterin{\'a}ria}, volume = {27}, year = {2018}, month = {June-2018}, pages = {254 - 257}, abstract = {

The occurrence of ectoparasites in wild nutria is poorly understood. Fifty-five livetrapped wild nutria (Myocastor coypus) from its indigenous region were examined for ectoparasites after capture from December 2013 to December 2014. The captures came from the Buenos Aires Province, by far the area of the country most densely populated by nutria, characterized as a temperate grassland, which are prime areas for sustained agriculture. Only one species of chewing lice (Pitrufquenia coypus, Marelli, 1932), one flea (Nosopsyllus fasciatus, Bosc, 1800) and one tick (Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Latreille, 1806) were collected. Fourteen percent of the animals were infested and P.coypus, an obligate parasite of the nutria, which was the most prevalent ectoparasite. N. fasciatus and R. sanguineus occurrence remains controversial as they may or may not be some accidental host species. To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive and systematic survey of ectoparasites in wild nutria from the southern hemisphere, the indigenous region of this species.

}, keywords = {ectoparasites, nutria}, issn = {0103-846X}, doi = {10.1590/s1984-296120180026}, url = {http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext\&pid=S1984-29612018000200254\&lng=en\&tlng=en}, author = {Pablo Eduardo Martino and Nilda Esther Radman and Mar{\'\i}a In{\'e}s Gamboa and Luis Ernesto Samartino and Eduardo Joaqu{\'\i}n Parrado} } @article {94582, title = {Contribuci{\'o}n al conocimiento de los mal{\'o}fagos (Phthiraptera, Amblycera, Ischnocera) de aves del Per{\'u}. Parte 2}, journal = {Revista Peruana de Biolog{\'\i}a}, volume = {25}, year = {2018}, pages = {035-042}, type = {Published on-line 27-2-2018}, abstract = {

Resumen
En el presente estudio se da a conocer doce especies de mal\ófagos colectados en aves mantenidas en cauti- verio de manera temporal o permanente en el Per\ú. Cuatro mal\ófagos Amblycera: Colpocephalum turbinatum, Psittacobrosus amazonicus, Psittacobrosus burmeisteri y Kurodaia sp., as\í como ocho mal\ófagos Ischnocera: Neopsittaconirmus gracilis, Paragoniocotes fulvofasciatus, Paragoniocotes mirabilis, Paragoniocotes nanus, Paragoniocotes neivai, Paragoniocotes pyrrhurae, Philoceanus amadoni y Quadraceps burhinoides, fueron identificados mediante el diagn\óstico morfol\ógico. Se realiza una breve descripci\ón de cada mal\ófago, as\í como la discusi\ón de sus hospederos y distribuci\ón.
Palabras claves: Piojos; mal\ófagos; ectopar\ásitos; aves silvestres; cautiverio; zoonosis.

English title:\ Contribution to the knowledge of the Mallophaga (Phthiraptera, Amblycera, Ischnocera) of the birds from Peru. Part 2

This study presents twelve species of Mallophaga collected from birds held in captive in a temporary or perma- nent enclosure in Peru. Four Mallophaga Amblycera: Colpocephalum turbinatum, Psittacobrosus amazonicus, Psittacobrosus burmeisteri y Kurodaia sp., as well as eight Mallophaga Ischnocera: Neopsittaconirmus gracilis, Paragoniocotes fulvofasciatus, Paragoniocotes mirabilis, Paragoniocotes nanus, Paragoniocotes neivai, Para- goniocotes pyrrhurae, Philoceanus amadoni y Quadraceps burhinoides, were identified morphologically. A brief description of each chewing lice and discussion about their hosts and distribution were done.

}, keywords = {caught, Chewing lice, ectoparasites, Mallophaga, wild birds, zoonoses}, issn = {1561-0837}, doi = {10.15381/rpb.v25i1.14346}, url = {http://revistasinvestigacion.unmsm.edu.pe/index.php/rpb/article/view/14346}, author = {Gomez-Puerta, Luis A. and Charlene Luj{\'a}n-Vega} } @article {94581, title = {Extent of Haematophagy of a Pigeon Louse Hohorstiella lata (Amblycera: Phthiraptera)}, journal = {The Indian Veterinary Journal}, volume = {95}, year = {2018}, month = {April 2018}, pages = {83-84}, abstract = {

An analysis of the crop contents of an amblyceran louse, Hohorstiella lata infesting pigeons (Columba livia) in District Rampur (UP) revealed that 57\% adult males, 73\% adult females, 10\% rst instar nymphs, 17\% second instar nymphs and 20\% third instar nymphs contain red contents compatible with host blood along with feather barbules. The pointed post-palpal spine occurring at the base of maxillary palp may be used by the lice for procuring the host blood.

}, keywords = {Haematophagy}, url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324981580_Extent_of_haematophagy_of_a_pigeon_louse_hohorstiella_lata_Amblycera_Phthiraptera}, author = {Surendra Kumar and Ghazi Khan and Rehmat Ali and Arun Kumar Saxena} } @article {94576, title = {Nature of crop contents of an amblyceran pigeon louse, Colpocephalum turbinatum (Phthiraptera: Insecta)}, journal = {Journal of Applied and Natural Science}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {03/2018}, pages = {45 - 47}, abstract = {

Selected haemetophagous phthirapterans have been convicted to act as reservoir and transmitter of pathogens among their hosts. Amblyceran Phthiraptera are generally believed to exhibit varying degree of haemetophagy. The microscopic examination of 100 adults (both sexes) and 47 nymphal instars of an amblyceran louse, Colpocephalum turbinatum revealed their non haemetophagous nature as any red content compatible with host blood was not detected in their crops. The crops of the lice were found packed with only feather barbules. On seven instances the pieces of egg chorion and in 20 cases the presence of epidermal tissue were also detected in crop contents. However, the presence of any triturating agent (any structure which can help in grinding the feather contents) was not noticed. SEM studies on the ventral side of the head of the louse do not indicate the presence of any pointed gear which can be used to pierce the skin blood vessels of host. Present study suggests that few am- blyceran species of Phthiraptera are not in haemetophagous in nature.

}, keywords = {Chewing lice, Pigeon louse}, issn = {0974-9411}, doi = {10.31018/jans.v10i1.1576}, url = {https://journals.ansfoundation.org/index.php/jans/article/view/1576}, author = {Surendra Kumar and Rehmat Ali and Ghazi Khan and Arun Kumar Saxena} } @article {94549, title = {A tolltet{\H u}-fert{\H o}z{\"o}tts{\'e}g {\'e}s a f{\'e}szekaljm{\'e}ret kapcsolata a v{\"o}r{\"o}s v{\'e}rcs{\'e}n{\'e}l (Falco tinnunculus)}, journal = {Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja}, volume = {140}, year = {2018}, pages = {745 - 753}, abstract = {

\ÖSSZEFOGLAL\Ó
Kutat\ásukban a szerz{\H o}k azt vizsg\ált\ák, hogy a v\ör\ös v\ércse fi\ók\áinak ivara, fejlett- s\ége, ill. a f\észekaljm\éret hogyan befoly\ásolja tet{\H u}fajaik sz\ám\át, a tetvek meny- nyis\ég\ét (abundanci\áj\át). A vizsg\ált t\ényez{\H o}k k\öz\ül csak a f\észekaljm\éretnek volt hat\ása, csak a Degeeriella rufa tet{\H u}faj eset\ében. A 3\–4 fi\ók\ás f\észekaljakban a faj egyedsz\áma 3,7-szer akkora volt, mint az 5\–6 fi\ók\ásakban. A jelens\éget k\ét szempontb\ól lehet magyar\ázni. El{\H o}sz\ör is, a rosszabb kond\íci\óban l\év{\H o} v\ércs\ék kevesebb fi\ók\át nevelnek \és nagyobb lehet rajtuk a tetvek mennyis\ége, \így t\öbb tet{\H u} terjedhet \át a fi\ók\áikra is. M\ásodszor, a nagyobb f\észekaljakban a tetvek t\öbb fi\óka k\özt tudnak sz\étterjedni, \így cs\ökkentve az egy fi\ók\ára jut\ó terhelts\éget.

English title:\ The relationship of louse infestation and clutch size in the Common Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus)

SUMMARY
Background: Lice are common ectoparasites of birds, completing their entire life cycle in the plumage. Transmission \– in most cases \– requires physical con- tact between hosts. Lice may benefit from choosing host individuals with better survival prospects and dispersal chances. Bodily contacts between parents and offsprings provide a good opportunity for host selection. The Common Kestrel is a widespread, small-bodied raptor of the Palearctic region, with well-known breeding biology and ectoparasite fauna, making it suitable to study the ecolog- ical correlates of vertical transmission of lice.
Objectives: The aim of our study was to investigate how the sex, maturity and clutch size of Common Kestrel nestlings affect the abundance of their lice. Materials and Methods: Field work was carried out in K\ör\ös-Maros National Park Directorate (Hungary). The ectoparasites were collected from nestlings (n = 54) with dust-ruffling. The effect of the host\’s sex, wing length and clutch size on the abundance of their lice was analysed using negative binomial mixed models.
Results and Discussion: In case of Colpocephalum subzerafae, none of the investigated variables had a significant effect. Contrarily, clutch size had a sig- nificant effect on Degeeriella rufa abundance. In small clutches (3\–4 nestlings) the mean abundance of D. rufa (15.5 95\% C.I.: 8\–30) is 3.7 times higher, than in large (5\–6 nestlings) clutches (4.2 95\% C.I.: 2.3\–7.4). We discuss two non-ex- clusive explanations of this pattern. First, parental quality is known to affect the clutch size. If low quality parents are also more heavily infested with lice, this could explain the higher louse load of their nestlings. Alternatively, accord- ing to the dilution hypothesis, long life-cycle ectoparasites (such as lice), that are incapable to significantly raise their subpopulation size till the fledging of the chicks, disperse among the nestlings, resulting in lower per nestling louse counts in larger clutches. According to our results both the breeding parameters and the quality of the parents may affect their offsprings\’ ectoparasite load.

}, url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329449936_A_tolltetu-fertozottseg_es_a_feszekaljmeret_kapcsolata_a_voros_vercsenel_Falco_tinnunculus_The_relationship_of_louse_infestation_and_clutch_size_in_the_Common_Kestrel_Falco_tinnunculus}, author = {Imre S{\'a}ndor Piross and Rebeka Saliga and Szabolcs Solt and {\'E}va Horv{\'a}th and L{\'a}szl{\'o} Kotym{\'a}n and Andrea Harnos and Lajos R{\'o}zsa and P{\'e}ter Palatitz and P{\'e}ter Feh{\'e}rv{\'a}ri} } @article {94545, title = {To the fauna of chewing lice (Phthiraptera)of birds in the Lower Don region, Russia. Non-Passeriformes. Part 1}, journal = {Caucasian Entomological Bulletin}, volume = {14}, year = {2018}, pages = {131 - 139}, abstract = {

Резюме. На 16 видах птиц 6 отрядов неворобьиных в Ростовской области обнаружено 29 видов пухоедов, 16 из них оказались новыми для территории России. Отмечены новая паразито-хозяинная ассоциация, Menacanthus pici (Denny, 1842) на Dendrocopos syriacus (Hemprich et Ehrenberg 1833), и случай гостепаразитизма Trinoton querquedulae (Linnaeus, 1758) на лысухе Fulicа atra Linnaeus, 1758.

Abstract. The fauna of chewing lice (Phthiraptera) of non-passerine birds was studied in Rostov Region of Russia for the first time. The material was collected from 2001 to 2017 in the vicinity of Rostov-on-Don city. As a result, 29 species of chewing lice from 85 birds of 16 species were identified: Caprimulgiformes (1), Ciconiiformes (4), Cuculiformes (1), Galliformes (3), Gruiformes (3), Piciformes (4 species). Sixteen species of Phtiraptera are recorded for the territory of Russia for the first time: Amyrsidea perdicis (Denny, 1842), Colpocephalum leptopygos Nitzsch, 1874, Menacanthus pici (Denny, 1842), M. phasiani (Modrzejewska et Z{\l}otorzycka, 1977), Pseudomenopon pilosum (Scopoli, 1763), Ardeicola leucoproctus (Nitzsch in Giebel, 1866), A. rhaphidius (Nitzsch in Giebel, 1866), A. goisagi Uchida, 1954, Cuclotogaster cinereus (Nitzsch, 1866), C.heterogrammicus (Nitzsch in Giebel, 1866), Goniodes astrocephalus (Burmeister, 1838), Goniocotes microthorax (Stephens, 1829), Picicola candidus (Nitzsch, 1866), Rallicola fulicae (Denny, 1842), Otidoecus antilogus (Nitzsch in Giebel, 1866), Mulcticola hypoleucus (Denny, 1842). A new host parasite association (Menacanthus pici (Denny, 1842) from Dendrocopos syriacus Hemprich et Ehrenberg, 1833) and the case of temporal chewing lice transition of Trinoton querquedulae (Linnaeus, 1758) to Fulicа atra Linnaeus, 1758 were registered\ for the first time. Chewing lice were not found on four collected species of Ciconiiformes: great bittern Botaurus stellaris (Linnaeus, 1758), yellow heron Ardeola ralloides (Scopoli, 1769), great white egret Casmerodius albus (Linnaeus, 1758) and grey heron Ardea cinerea Linnaeus, 1758.

К фауне пухоедов (Phthiraptera) птиц Нижнего Дона, Россия. Пухоеды неворобьиных. Часть 1

Ключевые слова: Phthiraptera, Amblycera, Iscnocera, неворобьиные птицы, юг европейской части России.

Paper in Russian.

}, keywords = {non-passeriformes birds, south of European part of Russia}, issn = {18143326}, doi = {10.23885/181433262018142-131139}, url = {http://www.ssc-ras.ru/ckfinder/userfiles/files/2_Malysheva\%20et\%20al.pdf}, author = {O.D. Malysheva and A. V. Zabashta and Tolstenkov, Oleg O.} } @article {94542, title = {Risk Factors Associated with Head lice (Pediculosis) Infestation among Elementary School Students in Meshkinshahr County, North West of Iran}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {6}, year = {2018}, pages = {7383 - 7392}, abstract = {

Background: Head louse (Pediculus humanus capitis) is one of the common health problems of the children in elementary schools. The aim of this study was to determine risk factors associated with head lice (Pediculosis) infestation among elementary school students in Meshkinshahr County,
Northwestern Iran.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytic study is done over 1,950 students (1,055 girls and 895 boys) in Meshkinshahr County, North West of Iran that were selected two-stage cluster. Data collection was conducted using researcher-made questionnaire. In addition, the suspected cases were confirmed via physical examination for the presence of adult lice, and eggs. Head examinations were done by general physicians and medical entomologist experts. For data analysis, Chi-square and Regression Logistics tests were used.
Results: In total, out of 1,950 students of primary schools, 200 students (10.25\%) were infested with pediculosis. A total of 131 (12.42\%) of girls, and 69 (7.71\%) of boys were head lice infested. Most of
head lice infested students 145 (72.5\%) were in the classrooms with capacity of more than 20 students. Also, one hundred sixty-one (80.5\%) of the cases were in the schools with capacity of more than 100 students. This study revealed significant differences among student\’s family size, students and their parents\&$\#$39; history of infestation, type of bathrooms, history of use shared hygiene items and head lice infestation (P \< 0.05).
Conclusion: The prevalence of head lice infestation in Meshkinshahr County was relatively high in comparison to other studied areas of Iran. It seems family size, students and their parents\&$\#$39; history of infestation, type of bathrooms, and history of use shared hygiene items were probably risk factors associated with head lice infestation among students of primary schools.

}, keywords = {Elementary students, head lice, Iran, Pediculosis.}, url = {http://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_10322.html}, author = {Eslam Moradi-Asl and Shahram Habibzadeh and Javad Rafinejad and Malek Abazari and Saeid Sadeghieh Ahari and Saghafipour, Abedin and Mohammad Mehrtak and Hassan Edlatkah} } @article {94537, title = {Materials on the fauna of feather lice of Siberian birds (Phthiraptera, Amblycera, Ancistronidae, Laemobothriidae, Pseudomenoponidae)}, journal = {Russian Journal of Ornithology}, volume = {27}, year = {2018}, pages = {5253 - 5263}, abstract = {

In this survey, 47 species of feather lice of 6 genera from 3 families \— Ancistronidae, Laemobothriidae and Pseudomenoponidae \— of the suborder Amblycera are included. The taxonomy of feather lice is cited in accordance with Emerson\’s works (Emerson 1972). Below we list the species of feather lice within the suborder Amblycera, as far as possible with an indication of the distribution of species throughout the world.

}, author = {Stepanova, Olga N} } @article {94535, title = {Ectopar{\'a}sitos asociados a polluelos del B{\'u}ho Cornudo (Aves: Strigidae) en un paisaje fragmentado de la pen{\'\i}nsula de Baja California, M{\'e}xico}, journal = {Acta Zool{\'o}gica Mexicana (N.S.)}, volume = {34}, year = {2018}, pages = {1 - 15}, abstract = {

ABSTRACT. Ectoparasites are important in avian host population because they can affect health condition, regulate population dynamics and alter interspecific competition. Studies of ectoparasites in wild raptors are scarce and even few have been made in owls. This is the first study of the prevalence and intensity of ectoparasites in Great Horned Owl (Bubo virginianus) fledglings. We studied ectoparasites on fledglings from nests in a fragmented arid landscape at Baja California peninsula, during the breeding seasons of 2015 and 2017. The fledglings of 40 days of age were handled and taken from their nests for the collection of ectoparasites. A total of 81 epizoic species were collected from 36 nestlings from 15 nests, distributed in five orders: Diptera (Icosta americana); Hemiptera (Cimicidae gen. sp.); Phthiraptera (Neohaematopinus sciurinus, Colpocephalum pectinatum); Siphonaptera (Orchopea sp.) and Mesostigmata (Ornihtonysus sylviarum). Likewise, one species of chewing lice (n=5) (Geomydoecus telli) and one species of feather mite (n=7) were also recorded associated with the Great Horned Owl. Five species were hematophagous parasites. Louse fly I. americana and chewing louse C. pectinatum showed the highest levels of prevalence (26.5\% and 20.6\% respectively), while the hematophagous feather mite Ornihtonysus silviarum presented the higher mean intensity in only one nest (15.5). The flea Orchopea sp. and the chewing louse G. telli and sucking louse N. sciurinus exhibited the lowest values of prevalence and mean intensity; these species have been recorded in association mainly with rodents, so probably they could have been transmitted to the owls when they were captured as preys and taken into their nest. Additionally a bug (Cimicidae gen. sp.) was found in one host. Colpocephalum pectinatum is the first recorded from Great Horned owl, such as new host. The abundance of ectoparasites in one owl nest was independent of their abundance in neighbor nests (Moran ́s I = 0.010; z = 0.16, P \> 0.05). We discuss the implications of ectoparasitism for a Great Horned owl population in fragmented habitat of the Baja California arid desert.\ 

ECTOPAR\ÁSITOS ASOCIADOS A POLLUELOS DEL B\ÚHO CORNUDO (AVES: STRIGIDAE) EN UN PAISAJE FRAGMENTADO DE LA PEN\ÍNSULA DE BAJA CALIFORNIA, M\ÉXICO

RESUMEN. Los par\ásitos juegan un papel importante en la historia de vida de sus hospederos porque pueden afectar la salud, regular la din\ámica poblacional e inclusive alterar la competici\ón inter-especifica. Bajo ciertas condiciones de deterioro del h\ábitat, como la fragmentaci\ón, puede aumentar los niveles de infestaci\ón y en consecuencia tener efectos negativos m\ás marcados en los hospederos. Este es el primer estudio de la prevalencia e intensidad de ectopar\ásitos en volantones de B\úho Cornudo Bubo virginianus. Evaluamos los ectopar\ásitos en pollos de nidos situados en un paisaje \árido fragmentado de la pen\ínsula de Baja California. Los pollos casi volantones de 40 d\ías de edad fueron tomados del nido durante las temporadas reproductivas del 2015 y 2017, para realizar la colecta de ectopar\ásitos y regresarlos posteriormente. Se colectaron 81 ectopar\ásitos de 36 polluelos en 15 nidos. Fue registrada una infestaci\ón del 61\% (n=22) con ocho especies (H = 1.56), cinco de las cuales fueron par\ásitos hemat\ófagos. Los ectopar\ásitos estuvieron distribuidos en cinco \órdenes; Diptera (Icosta americana); Hemiptera (Cimicidae gen. sp.); Phthiraptera (Neohaematopinus sciurinus, Colpocephalum pectinatum); Siphonaptera (Orchopea sp.), y Mesostigmata (Ornihtonysus sylviarum). Tambi\én se registr\ó una especie de piojo masticador (n=5) (Geomydoecus telli) y una de \ácaro de plumas (n=7) asociados con el b\úho cornudo. La mosca piojo I. americana y el piojo masticador C. pectinatum presentaron alta prevalencia (26.5\% y 20.6\% respectivamente), mientras que el \ácaro hemat\ófago O. silviarum present\ó la m\ás alta intensidad media en un s\ólo nido (15.5). La pulga Orchopea sp., y los piojos, masticador G. telli y succionador N. sciurinus, fueron registros raros y exhibieron los valores m\ás bajos de prevalencia e intensidad media; estas especies se han registrado en asociaci\ón principalmente a roedores, as\í que probablemente se transmitieron a los pollos al llevar presas de roedores al nido del b\úho. Adicionalmente una chinche Cimicidae gen. sp., se encontr\ó en un hu\ésped. Colpocephalum pectinatum es primer registro para el B\úho cornudo como hospedero. La abundancia de ectopar\ásitos en un nido de b\úho fue independiente de la abundancia de nidos cercanos (Moran ́s I = 0.010; z = 0.16, P \> 0.05). Se discuten las implicaciones que tienen los ectopar\ásitos en una poblaci\ón del B\úho cornudo en un h\ábitat fragmentado del desierto \árido de Baja California.

Palabras clave: Piojo, moscas, volantones, B\úho Cornudo, \área fragmentada, M\éxico.

}, keywords = {fledglings, flies, fragmented area, Great Horned owl, lice, Mexico.}, issn = {0065-1737}, doi = {10.21829/azm.2018.3412142}, url = {http://azm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/azm/article/view/2142}, author = {Raquel Bola{\~n}os-Garc{\'\i}a and Rodriguez-Estrella,Ricardo and Guzm{\'a}n-Cornejo, Carmen} } @article {94524, title = {Gastrointestinal and ectoparasites of plumbeous rail, Pardirallus sanguinolentus (Aves: Rallidae) in Central Chile}, journal = {Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterin{\'a}ria}, volume = {27}, year = {2018}, pages = {301 - 312}, abstract = {

Abstract
With the aim to identify the parasite fauna of plumbeous rail, Pardirallus sanguinolentus (Aves: Rallidae) in Chile, 26 carcasses were parasitologically necropsied. The present study revealed the presence of 14 species of parasites (inverse Simpson index = 4.64; evenness = 0.332), including ectoparasites: feather mites: Analloptes megnini, Grallobia sp., Grallolichus sp., Megniniella sp., and Metanalges sp.; the feather lice Pseudomenopon meinertzhageni, Rallicola andinus, and Fulicoffula sp.; and six species of gastrointestinal helminths: Heterakis psophiae, Porrocaecum ardeae, Tetrameres sp., Capillaria sp., Diorchis sp., and Plagiorhynchus sp. The relatively high parasite richness that was found could be attributed to the highly favorable conditions of wetlands for parasite development. All parasites found, except feather lice, are new records for plumbeous rail. A checklist of parasites for plumbeous rail is presented.

Gastrointestinais e ectoparasitas do saracura-do-banhado, Pardirallus sanguinolentus (Aves: Rallidae) do Chile central

Resumo
Com o objetivo de identificar a fauna parasit\ária do saracura-do-banhado, Pardirallus sanguinolentus (Aves: Rallidae) no Chile, 26 carca\ças foram necropsiadas. O presente estudo revelou a presen\ça de 14 esp\écies de parasitos (\índice Simpson inverso = 4,64; equitatividade = 0,332), incluindo os \ácaros de penas: Analloptes megnini, Grallobia sp., Grallolichus sp., Megniniella sp. e Metanalges sp.; os piolhos de penas Pseudomenopon meinertzhageni, Rallicola andinus e Fulicoffula sp.; e seis esp\écies de helmintos gastrointestinais: Heterakis psophiae, Porrocaecum ardeae, Tetrameres sp., Capillaria sp., Diorchis sp. e Plagiorhynchus sp. A riqueza parasit\ária relativa encontrada pode ser devido \às condi\ç\ões altamente favor\áveis das zonas \úmidas para o desenvolvimento do parasita. Todos os parasitos encontrados, com exce\ç\ão dos piolhos de pena, s\ão novos registros para o saracura-do-banhado. Um checklist dos parasitos do saracura-do-banhado \é apresentado.
Palavras-chave: Parasitos, helmintos, diversidade, zona \úmida, ral\ídeos.

}, keywords = {Diversity, Helminths, parasites, rallids, wetlands}, issn = {0103-846X}, doi = {10.1590/s1984-296120180042}, url = {http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext\&pid=S1984-29612018005011101\&lng=en\&tlng=en}, author = {Valdebenito, Jos{\'e} Osvaldo and L. Moreno and Carlos Barrientos and Sergey Mironov and John M. Kinsella and Armando Conrado Cicchino and Mabel Mena and Alexandra Grand{\'o}n-Ojeda and Daniel Gonz{\'a}lez-Acu{\~n}a} } @article {94523, title = {The eldest sibling is the lousiest in an obligate brood-reducer seabird}, journal = {Emu - Austral Ornithology}, volume = {118}, year = {2018}, pages = {212 - 217}, abstract = {

ABSTRACT
Previous studies on vertical transmission of lice on terrestrial birds have shown that the intensity of parasitism can vary within broods in relation to the hatching order of chicks. In species where the hatching order has an important effect on chick survival, lice would benefit from living on the host with the highest survival prospects. In the present work, we test this hypothesis using as model lice from the Imperial Shag, an obligate brood reducer. Our specific aims were to investigate how infestation by Eidmanniella pellucida varies in relation to the age, the order of birth and the hatching date of chicks. We observed that chicks were infested by their parents during their first days of life, mainly by lice in nymphal stage. The first chick to hatch was the most infested. Infestation was also affected by hatching date, increasing as the season pro- gressed, reaching a maximum at the peak of the breeding season and decreasing gradually after that. The age of the chick was unrelated to the intensity of infestation. Our results suggest that lice would prefer the chick that is more likely to survive and highlights the adaptive strategies of lice according to the ecology of their hosts.

}, keywords = {Chewing lice, host{\textendash}parasite dynamic, seabirds, Shag, transmission}, issn = {0158-4197}, doi = {10.1080/01584197.2017.1387028}, url = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01584197.2017.1387028}, author = {Mar{\'\i}a Soledad Leonardi and Walter S. Svagelj and Agustina Marta G{\'o}mez_Laich and Flavio Quintana} } @article {94521, title = {The ectoparasites of hybrid ducks in New Zealand (Mallard x Grey Duck)}, journal = {International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife}, volume = {7}, year = {2018}, pages = {335 - 342}, abstract = {

We studied the population genetics of one population sample of hybrid Mallard x Grey Ducks and their lice in New Zealand. We aimed to document the relationship between ectoparasite load and host phenotype, and test for an association between the mtDNA diversity of the lice and their hosts, which is predicted based on maternal care. We found three feather lice species previously described for these hosts: Anaticola crassicornis (wing louse), Anatoecus dentatus (head louse), and Trinoton querquedulae (body louse). No new or rare lice species were un- covered. Most ducks in our sample were more Mallard-like than Grey Duck-like hybrids for the five colour and plumage traits examined. We confirm that based solely on phenotypic characters it is difficult to distinguish between Mallards, hybrids and Grey Ducks. We detected no association between the number of lice and host phenotype for two of the three louse species (while controlling for bird size). However, the Grey Duck-like hybrids had fewer head lice (A. dentatus) than their Mallard-like counterparts. Only three of the 40 hosts had mtDNA haplotypes that characterise Grey Ducks. We present the first genetic data of Anaticola crassicornis, Anatoecus dentatus and Trinoton querquedulae from New Zealand waterfowl. We found that the lice mtDNA had greater sequence diversity than the homologous gene for the ducks. A mitochondrial phylogeny for A. crassicornis collected from hosts worldwide has been previously published, and we added our novel data to infer evolu- tionary relationships among worldwide populations of this louse. None of the three lice species showed a close association of parasite and host mtDNA lineage despite lack of paternal care in these duck species.

}, keywords = {Chewing lice, ectoparasites, Hybrids, mtDNA, new zealand, transmission, Waterfowl}, issn = {22132244}, doi = {10.1016/j.ijppaw.2018.09.005}, url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2213224418300907}, author = {Mariana Bulgarella and Mathieu Quenu and Lara D. Shepherd and Mary Morgan-Richards} } @article {94486, title = {Light Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy of Colpocephalum nanum Piaget, 1890 (Phthiraptera: Amblycera: Colpocephalidae)}, journal = {Turkish Journal of Parasitology}, volume = {42}, year = {2018}, month = {Feb-10-2018}, pages = {207 - 212}, abstract = {

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the morphological characteristics of Colpocephalum nanum (C. nanum) Piaget, 1890 using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Methods: For this purpose, the C. nanum specimens collected from long-legged buzzards, Buteo rufinus (B. rufinus) (Accipitriformes: Accipitridae), in Turkey were examined under LM and SM for morphological characteristics. The specimens were fixed and kept in 70\% ethanol, cleared and moun- ted on the slides in Canada balsam. They were examined for morphological characteristics under LM. Some of the samples were put in a plate on absorbing paper and kept overnight, for ether to evaporate. These samples were mounted on aluminum stubs to study the ventral surface by placing them on their dorsal or ventral surface on double-sided adhesive tape. They were sputter-coated three times with gold, each time for approximately 7 minutes and later viewed using SEM (Zeiss SUPRA 55 VP FE-SEM and Zeiss EVO lS 10).
Results: Parts of the specimens were photographed, and the obtained data about morphological characteristic were evaluated in detail. Conclusion: The LM and SEM photos of C. nanum were compared, and information about the important criteria for diagnosis and other morphological characteristics was obtained.

Turkish title:\ Colpocephalum nanum Piaget, 1890 (Phthiraptera: Amblycera: Colpocephalidae)\&$\#$39;un I{\c s}{\i}k ve Taramal{\i} Elektron Mikroskopisi

\ÖZ
Ama\ç: Bu ara{\c s}t{\i}rma Colpocephalum nanum (C. nanum) Piaget, 1890\’un morfolojik \özelliklerinin {\i}{\c s}{\i}k mikroskobunda ve taramal{\i} elektron mikrosko- bunda (SEM) incelemek amac{\i}yla yap{\i}lm{\i}{\c s}t{\i}r.
Y\öntemler: Bu ama\çla T\ürkiye\’deki bir K{\i}z{\i}l {\c S}ahin\’den (Buteo rufinus: B. rufinus) (Accipitriformes: Accipitridae) toplanan C. nanum \örnekleri {\i}{\c s}{\i}k mik- roskobu ve taramal{\i} elektron mikroskobunda morfolojik \özellikleri y\ön\ünden incelenmi{\c s} ve bu konuda bilgi verilmi{\c s}tir. \Örneklerin baz{\i}lar{\i} \%70 alkolde saklanm{\i}{\c s}, \%10\’luk Potasyum hidroksitte (KOH) saydamla{\c s}t{\i}r{\i}lm{\i}{\c s}, ve Kanada balsam ile lam \üzerine yap{\i}{\c s}t{\i}r{\i}lm{\i}{\c s}t{\i}r. Preparatlar morfolojik \özellikleri y\ön\ünden binok\üler {\i}{\c s}{\i}k mikroskobunda (Leica DM750) incelenmi{\c s}tir. Baz{\i} \örnekler ise eterin u\çmas{\i} i\çin gece boyunca bir levha \üzerindeki emici bir ka{\u g}{\i}t \üzerinde bekletildi ve aluminyum levhalara dorsal veya ventral y\üzleri \çal{\i}{\c s}{\i}lacak {\c s}ekilde yerle{\c s}tirildi. EMSCOPE SC500 veya CROSSINGTON 108 sputter coater\’de, her seferinde yakla{\c s}{\i}k olarak 7 dakika s\üreyle, \ü\çer kez alt{\i}nla kapland{\i} ve sonra Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) (Zeiss SUPRA 55 VP FE-SEM ve Zeiss EVO lS 10) ile baz{\i} yerlerin g\ör\ünt\üleri al{\i}nd{\i}.
Bulgular: Al{\i}nan g\ör\ünt\üler incelenerek morfolojik olarak de{\u g}erlendirildi. ve morfolojik \özellikleri hakk{\i}nda ayr{\i}nt{\i}l{\i} bilgiler elde edildi.
Sonu\ç: C.nanum\’un {\i}{\c s}{\i}k mikroskobu ve SEM\’deki g\ör\ünt\üleri kar{\c s}{\i}la{\c s}t{\i}rmal{\i} olarak incelendi ve te{\c s}his i\çin \önemli kriterler ve di{\u g}er morfolojik \özellikleri hakk{\i}nda bilgi verildi.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Amblycera, bit, SEM, Ektoparazit, T\ürkiye

}, keywords = {ectoparasite, lice, SEM, Turkey}, doi = {10.5152/tpd.2018.5808}, url = {http://www.turkiyeparazitolderg.org/}, author = {Bilal Dik and Ali Halajian and M. L. Turner} } @article {94467, title = {Composition and distribution of lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) on Colombian and Peruvian birds: New data on louse-host association in the Neotropics}, journal = {Biodiversity Data Journal}, volume = {6}, year = {2018}, pages = {e21635}, abstract = {

The diversity of permanent ectoparasites is likely underestimated due to the difficulty of collecting samples. Lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) are permanent ectoparasites of birds and mammals; there are approximately 5,000 species described and many more undescribed, particularly in the Neotropics. We document the louse genera collected from birds sampled in Peru (2006\–2007) and Colombia (2009\–2016), from 22 localities across a variety of ecosystems, ranging from lowland tropical forest and Llanos to high elevation cloud forest. We identified 35 louse genera from a total of 210 bird species belonging to 37 avian families and 13 orders. These genera belong to two suborders and three families of lice: Amblycera, families Menoponidae (present on 131 bird species) and Ricinidae (39 bird species); and Ischnocera, family Philopteridae (119 bird species). We compared our bird-louse associations with data in Price et al. (2003) and recently published Neotropical studies. The majority of bird-louse associations (51.9\%) were new, with most of these coming from Passeriformes, the most diverse avian order, with the most poorly known louse fauna. Finally, we found geographical variation in louse infestation and prevalence rates. With this study, we report the first comprehensive documentation of bird-louse associations for Colombia and substantially increase the known associations documented for Peru.

}, keywords = {ectoparasites, Feather lice, Tropical Forests}, issn = {1314-2836}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.6.e21635}, url = {https://bdj.pensoft.net/article/21635/}, author = {Juliana Soto-Pati{\~n}o and Gustavo A Londo{\~n}o and Kevin P. Johnson and Jason D. Weckstein and Jorge Enrique Avenda{\~n}o and Catanach, Therese A. and Andrew D. Sweet and Andrew T. Cook and Jill E. Jamkowski and Julie M. Allen} } @article {94433, title = {Chewing Lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) from Migratory Birds of the Curonian Spit}, journal = {Entomological Review}, volume = {98}, year = {2018}, month = {Jan-07-2018}, pages = {420 - 433}, abstract = {

The fauna of chewing lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) from migratory birds was studied in 2008\–2009 and 2017 on the Curonian Spit, at Rybachy Biological Station of the Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences. Altogether, 35 species of chewing lice were collected off 2010 birds of 65 species. An annotated list of species is presented, including 11 species new to the Russian Federation, 29 species new to the Northwest of Russia, and 2 new host records: Menacanthus eurysternus from Carduellis carduellis and Ricinus frenatus from Carduellis spinus.

}, keywords = {Chewing lice, Curonian Spit, Migratory birds}, issn = {0013-8738}, doi = {10.1134/S0013873818040048}, url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1134/S0013873818040048}, author = {O.D. Malysheva and Tolstenkov, Oleg O.} } @article {94432, title = {Corrigendum to {\textquotedblleft}Lousy chicks: Chewing lice from the imperial shag, Leucocarbo atriceps {\textquotedblright} [Int. J. Parasitol. Parasites Wildl. 6 (2017) 229{\textendash}232]}, journal = {International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife}, volume = {7}, year = {2018}, month = {Jan-08-2018}, pages = {196}, abstract = {

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2017.08.002. \"Lousy chicks: Chewing lice from the Imperial Shag, Leucocarbo atriceps\" in volume 6 on page 229.]

}, issn = {22132244}, doi = {10.1016/j.ijppaw.2018.05.003}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213224418300488?via\%3Dihub}, author = {Mar{\'\i}a Soledad Leonardi and Flavio Quintana} } @article {94431, title = {The chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera, Amblycera) of the great cormorant ( Phalacrocorax carbo )}, journal = {Parasitology International}, volume = {67}, year = {2018}, month = {Jan-08-2018}, pages = {528 - 532}, abstract = {

The Great Cormorant is a widespread bird species with almost worldwide distribution. Accordingly, its general biology has been investigated thoroughly. Less well known, however, are the chewing lice that live inside the plumage of this diving bird. We examined the two known species of Great Cormorant chewing lice, Eidmanniella pellucida (Rudow, 1869) (Amblycera: Menoponidae) and Pectinopygus gyricornis (Denny, 1842) (Ischnocera: Philopteridae). Taking advantage of the autofluorescence of the cuticle, confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) was used to explore the external morphology of all developmental stages of P. gyricornis. Morphometric analyses revealed a standard increase in body size from first larval instar to the adult. In addition, all instars exhibited increasing body segment differentiation, especially in the abdomen and the head. A total of 277 individuals of Pectinopygus gyricornis and 2 individuals of Eidmanniella pellucida were collected from eleven Great Cormorants from Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany, in 2015.

}, keywords = {Autofluorescence, CLSM, cormorant, cuticle, instars, morphology, morphometrics, Pectinopygus}, issn = {13835769}, doi = {10.1016/j.parint.2018.05.003}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1383576917303823}, author = {Jan Phillip Leitinger and Stefan Richter} } @article {94430, title = {New records of ectoparasites from passerine birds in the High Tatras of Slovakia}, journal = {Oecologia Montana}, volume = {27}, year = {2018}, pages = {43 - 45}, abstract = {

During the summer of 2015, 52 passerine birds, representing 16 genera and 19 species were captured at a field site in the High Tatra Mountains, Tatransk\á Javorina, Slovakia. These birds were examined for ectoparasites, including chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera), fleas (Siphonaptera), flies (Diptera: Hippoboscidae), and feather mites (Acari). A list of host-parasite associations is provided, along with data on parasite prevalence and intensity. Many of the records are known host associations, but two species of lice (one named, one unnamed) represent new host records.

}, keywords = {Acari, Siphonaptera}, url = {https://om.vuvb.uniza.sk/index.php/OM/article/view/309}, author = {Sarah E. Bush and Daniel R Gustafsson and Clayton,Dale H.} } @article {94419, title = {First data on identification of avian lice Ciconiphilus decimfasciatus (Boiduvale and Lacordaire, 1835). Species parasitizing Cattle Egrets (Bubulcus ibis) in Eastern of Algeria}, journal = {Worls Journal of Environmental Biosciences}, volume = {7}, year = {2018}, pages = {45 - 49}, abstract = {

This study was conducted to identify a Mallophagous louse in the cattle Egret (Bubulcus ibis) during the breeding season between 2015,2016 and 2017 in the eastern region of Algeria at several areas (Oum el Bouaghi area, the heronry of Silla common Sigus, and el Madher wilaya de Batna). During this period the chicks were examined macroscopically for lice. The detected lice were collected and then fixed with 70\% ethanol in pillboxes. The lice were clarified in 10\% KOH for 24hours, rinsed with distilled water, and dehydrated in ascending ethanol baths (70\%, 80\% and 99\%). Finally the samples will be mounted on the slide and coverslip with Canada balsam. The identification was performed under binocular microscope Leica DM750. The identification of mallophagous lice of cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis) has shown that it is infected by a single species of mallophagous louse that is represented by Ciconiphilus decimfasciatus.

}, keywords = {Cattle egret, Eastern Algeria, lice}, url = {https://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/94419.pdf}, author = {Amina Abdessamed and Yassine Nouidjem and Menouar Saheb and Bilal Dik and Ramzi Hadjab and Sabrina Bougoudjil} } @article {94404, title = {New species and additional data on the chewing louse genus Myrsidea (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from wild Neotropical Passeriformes (Aves)}, journal = {Zootaxa}, volume = {4418}, year = {2018}, month = {Oct-05-2018}, pages = {401 - 431}, abstract = {

Twenty-four species of chewing lice of the genus Myrsidea Waterston, 1915 (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from Neotrop- ical Suboscines (Passeriformes: Formicariidae, Furnariidae, Pipridae, Thamnophilidae, Tityridae, Tyrannidae) are record- ed and discussed. They include: eight new species which are described and illustrated (Myrsidea capeki new species ex Chiroxiphia caudata; Myrsidea leptopogoni new species ex Leptopogon superciliaris; Myrsidea leucophthalmi new spe- cies ex Automolus leucophthalmus; Myrsidea pachyramphi new species ex Pachyramphus polychopterus; Myrsidea phi- lydori new species ex Philydor rufum; Myrsidea pyriglenae new species ex Pyriglena leucoptera; Myrsidea scleruri new species ex Sclerurus scansor and Myrsidea zuzanae new species ex Furnarius rufus), as well as nine previously known species with additional data on intraspecific morphological variability, host associations and geographical distribution (Myrsidea barbati Price, Hellenthal \& Dalgleish, 2005; Myrsidea dalgleishi Valim, Price \& Johnson, 2011; Myrsidea fla- viventris Price, Hellenthal \& Dalgleish, 2005; Myrsidea klimesi Sychra, 2006; Myrsidea meyi Valim, Price \& Johnson, 2011; Myrsidea oleaginei Price, Hellenthal \& Dalgleish, 2005; Myrsidea olivacei Price, Hellenthal \& Dalgleish, 2005; Myrsidea pitangi Price, Hellenthal \& Dalgleish, 2005 and Myrsidea spellmani Price, Johnson \& Dalgleish, 2008b). Seven further species are recorded at genus level only due to lack of adequate material. A 379 bp portion of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene was sequenced from seven species in order to assess relative genetic divergences among Myrsidea populations.

}, keywords = {Brazil, COI, Costa Rica, Honduras, new data, new species, Paraguay, Peru, Suboscines, Thamnophilidae, Tityridae}, issn = {1175-5326 (print), 1175-5334 (online)}, doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.4418.51}, url = {https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/viewFile/38713/33069}, author = {KOLENCIK, STANISLAV and Old{\v r}ich Sychra and Ivo Papou{\v s}ek and Kamila M. D. Kuabara and Michel Paiva Valim and Ivan Liter{\'a}k} } @article {94398, title = {A Survey of Ectoparasites on Mammals in Agriganar Anna Zoological Park, Chennai, South India}, journal = {International Journal of Current Research in Life Sciences}, volume = {7}, year = {2018}, pages = {1285 - 1288}, abstract = {

This aim of this study was conducted to evaluate the abundance and diversity ectoparasites associated with mammals in Arignar Anna Zoological Park (AAZP). Ectoparasites are a diverse and highly adapted group of animals that infest the external body of vertebrates. The empirical study was to attempt the first time report of this park (AAZP). We are examined for total of 412 Mammals were analysis throughout the study period. A total of 13 mite\’s species belonging to 10 genus, 10 ticks\’ species belonging to 5 genus, 5 flea species belonging to 2 genus and 4 lice species belonging to3 genus were collected from our study. The overall prevalence of ectoparasites was significantly higher in cage compare than runs. Statistically calculated the Simpson diversity index was more in cage (0. 98805) of mites were noted. In mammals the prevalence of ticks in cage (85\%) and in runs (15\%) were recorded. Similarly, the Simpson diversity index of flea was rich in runs (0. 97105) respectively. The prevalence of lice in cage (65\%) and in runs (35\%) was noted in mammals.

}, keywords = {Arignar Anna Zoological park, Chennai., ectoparasites, mammals, species diversity}, issn = {2319-0490}, author = {Shobana, G. and Gunasekaran, C.} } @article {94384, title = {Abundance and stability of populations of chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Amblycera and Ischnocera) infesting two species of woodpeckers (Aves: Piciformes: Picidae)}, journal = {The Canadian Entomologist}, volume = {150}, year = {2018}, month = {Jan-04-2018}, pages = {180 - 189}, abstract = {

The annual abundance of chewing lice (Phthiraptera) was recorded from 1996 to 2015 in Manitoba, Canada, on two species of woodpeckers (Piciformes: Picidae). Yellow-bellied sapsuckers (Sphyrapicus varius (Linnaeus)) were infested with Menacanthus pici (Denny) (Amblycera: Menoponidae) and Penenirmus auritus (Scopoli) (Ischnocera: Philopteridae); northern flickers (Colaptes auratus (Linnaeus)) were also infested with M. pici, as well as two other Ischnocera, Penenirmus jungens (Kellogg) and Picicola porisma Dalgleish. The mean annual abundance varied from nine to 51 lice per bird for the four species, with prevalence, mean intensity, sex ratio, and nymphs per female also varying among louse species. Menacanthus pici populations on both hosts were unstable: abundance rose over two decades because of increasing prevalence, whereas the abundance of the other three louse species fluctuated around a mean. Population variability was similar for the lice on both hosts, with the metric, PV, ranging from 0.41 to 0.51 on a 0\–1 scale, once the effect of the trend in abundance for M. pici had been removed. Although the population dynamics for species of lice on these two woodpeckers were distinct, inter-specific differences in population stability were less pronounced than observed in the few other species of bird lice studied in this way.

}, issn = {0008-347X}, doi = {10.4039/tce.2017.62}, url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0008347X17000621/type/journal_articlehttps://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0008347X17000621}, author = {Lamb, Robert J. and Terry D. Galloway} } @article {94380, title = {Cophylogenetic analysis of lice in the Colpocephalum complex (Phthiraptera: Amblycera)}, journal = {Zoologica Scripta}, volume = {47}, year = {2018}, month = {Jan-01-2018}, pages = {72 - 83}, abstract = {

The chewing louse genus Colpocephalum parasitizes nearly a dozen distantly related orders of birds. Such a broad host distribution is relatively unusual in lice. However, the monophyly of the genus Colpocephalum has never been tested using molecular characters. Using one nuclear and one mitochondrial gene, we inferred a phylogeny for 54 lice from the genus Colpocephalum and other morphologically similar genera. The resulting phylogeny demonstrates that Colpocephalum itself is not monophyletic. However, these data support the existence of a Colpocephalum complex within which several lineages are restricted to particular host orders. These lineages corresponded to previously described genera, some of which are morphologically distinct and cur- rently considered subgenera. Maddison\–Slatkin tests were performed on the resulting phylogeny and showed that host order, host family and biogeographic region had sig- nificant phylogenetic signal when mapped onto the Colpocephalum complex phylog- eny. A PARAFIT analysis comparing the overall Colpocephalum complex phylogeny to a host phylogeny revealed significant congruence between host and parasite trees. We also compared the cophylogenetic history of Colpocephalum and their hosts to that of a second distantly related feather louse genus, Degeeriella, which also infests diurnal birds of prey. Using PARAFIT to identify individual host\–parasite links that contributed to overall congruence, there was no evidence of correlated cophylogenetic patterns between these two louse groups, suggesting that their host distribution pat- terns have been shaped by different evolutionary processes.

}, keywords = {avian chewing lice, Phylogenetics, systematics}, doi = {10.1111/zsc.12262}, url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/zsc.12262}, author = {Catanach, Therese A. and Michel Paiva Valim and Jason D. Weckstein and Kevin P. Johnson} } @article {94374, title = {Piojos (Insecta: Phthiraptera) par{\'a}sitos de la Focha Andina Fulica ardesiaca (Gruiformes: Rallidae) en la laguna de Colta, Ecuador}, journal = {Revista Ecuatoriana de Ornitolog{\'\i}a}, volume = {3}, year = {2018}, pages = {6 - 14}, abstract = {

Paper written in Spanish

Resumen
Los piojos de aves se caracterizan por ser par\ásitos obligados a su hospedador, es decir que cumplen su ciclo biol\ógico en el cuerpo del mismo. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo conocer la diversidad, prevalencia, abundancia e intensidad de infestaci\ón de piojos asociados a la Focha Andina Fulica ardesiaca en la laguna de Colta, provincia de Chimborazo, Ecuador. Se capturaron 16 individuos de F. ardesiaca, los cuales fueron examinados manualmente para extraer los ectopar\ásitos. Se identificaron tres especies de piojos: Rallicola advenus, Pseudomonopon pilosum y Fulicoffula longipila. Se determin\ó un porcentaje de prevalencia del 62,5\% para todas las aves muestreadas. Rallicola advenus fue el par\ásito con mayor frecuencia, estuvo presente en el 100\% de las aves infectadas con respecto a las otras dos especies de piojos. Se determin\ó que una hembra y un macho tuvieron infestaci\ón m\últiple por las tres especies, y dos machos presentaron infestaci\ón doble por P. pilosum y R. advenus. Nuestros resultados muestran similitud con las descripciones de piojos en otras especies de Fulica de Sudam\érica, Norte Am\érica y Europa.

English title:\ Lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) of the Andean Coot Fulica ardesiaca (Gruiformes: Rallidae) at Colta lake, Ecuador

Abstract:\ 

Lice of wild birds are parasites which depend on their hosts to complete their life cycle. This research was aimed to document the diversity, prevalence, abundance and intensity of lice infection in the Andean Coot Fulica ardesiaca in Colta lake, Chimborazo province, Ecuador. Sixteen individuals of F. ardesiaca were captured and manually examined to collect ectoparasites. We identified three species of lice: Rallicola advenus, Pseudomonopon pilosum and Fulicoffula longipila. The percentage of prevalence was 62.5\% for all birds sampled. Rallicola advenus was the most frequent lice species, being present in 100\% of the infested birds. We found multiple-species infestation in one male and one female, and two males were infected by two lice species, P. pilosum and R. advenus. Our findings are equivalent with genus- level descriptions of lice load in coots in South America, North America and Europe.

}, keywords = {Colta lake, Diversity, Fulica ardesiaca, lice}, url = {http://revistas.usfq.edu.ec/index.php/reo/article/viewFile/520/1188}, author = {Gabriela Cruz and Sandra Enr{\'\i}quez and Nivia Luzuriaga} } @article {94307, title = {Ectoparasite abundance and apparent absence of hemoparasites in two albatross species in Sub-Antarctic Chile}, journal = {Polar Biology}, year = {2018}, month = {Jan-07-2018}, abstract = {

The Black-browed Albatross (BBA, Thalas- sarche melanophrys) and the Grey-headed Albatross (GHA, Thalassarche chrysostoma) are long-lived sym- patric species breeding in the Atlantic and Pacific sections of the Southern Ocean. While the Atlantic populations of these two species have been the subject of several studies, little information is available on the most important colo- nies in the Southeast Pacific Ocean (Chile). The presence of parasites in these long-lived hosts has been described for the colonies in the Southern Atlantic, but not in those from Chile. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify ectoparasites and hemoparasites associated with both spe- ciesbreedingintheDiegoRam ́{\i}rezArchipelago(56\°S)in Southern Chile. Chicks were examined for ectoparasites during the breeding seasons in 2010 and 2011 (GHA, n = 80; BBA, n = 40). Parasites were collected manually, mounted, and identified to species level. The sex and developmental stage of adult ectoparasites were also determined. Ectoparasites were detected on 78.75 and 32.50\% of GHA and BBA chicks, respectively. A total of 126 ectoparasites were obtained: 103 Ixodes uriae ticks (GHA 79.62\%, BBA 20.38\%); 22 Parapsyllus longicornis\ Austromenopon affine louse (found on GHA). Diego Ram ́{\i}rez represents a new record and distribution range for I. uriae and A. affine. The presence of hemoparasites was explored on blood smears for GHA (n = 26) and BBA (n = 119), but none were recorded in either of these albatrosses.\ Keywords Hemoparasite ? Flea ? Louse ? Seabird ? Southern Ocean ? Tick\ Introduction\ The Black-browed Albatross (Thalassarche melanophrys, BBA) and Grey-headed Albatross (Thalassarche chrysos- toma, GHA) are long-lived seabirds distributed in the waters of the Southern Hemisphere. Almost the entire global population of BBA (*99\%) and the greater portion of GHA numbers (*85\%) reside in islands located in the SW Atlantic and SE Pacific regions of the Southern Ocean (Robertson et al. 2007). The Diego Ram ́{\i}rez Archipelago supports the largest numbers of BBA and almost the entire population of GHA in Chile, carrying *20 and *23\% of global numbers, respectively (Robertson et al. 2007). BBA is the more abundant albatross species in the archipelago, with GHA breeding around the margins of BBA colonies or in separated groups (Robertson et al. 2007). In Diego Ram ́{\i}rez, these two species have nesting densities of 0.01 and 0.60 nests m-2, respectively (Suazo unpubl. data). During the breeding season, BBA and GHA arrive in late August and early September, respectively, and leave in April (BBA) and in the first half of May (GHA), entering their nonbreeding seasons (Suazo unpubl. data). Diego Ram ́{\i}rezisthemostrepresentativebreedingareaforboth
fleas (GHA = 31.8\%, BBA = 68.2\%); and a single\ Austromenopon affine louse (found on GHA). Diego Ram ́{\i}rez represents a new record and distribution range for I. uriae and A. affine. The presence of hemoparasites was explored on blood smears for GHA (n = 26) and BBA (n = 119), but none were recorded in either of these albatrosses.

}, keywords = {flea, Hemoparasite, louse, seabird, Southern Ocean, Tick}, issn = {0722-4060}, doi = {10.1007/s00300-017-2177-1}, url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00300-017-2177-1}, author = {Sebasti{\'a}n Llanos and Cristi{\'a}n G. Suazo and Quillfeldt,Petra and Jaime A. Cursach and Lucila Moreno Salas} }