@article {95163, title = {Effect of a New Head Lice Treatment, Abametapir Lotion, 0.74\%, on Louse Eggs: A Randomized, Double-Blind Study}, journal = {Global Pediatric Health}, volume = {6}, year = {2019}, month = {02-2019}, pages = {7 pp}, type = {Open Access}, abstract = {

Few head lice treatments have demonstrated effectiveness against louse eggs. Abametapir, a metalloproteinase inhibitor, is able to target metalloproteinases critical to egg hatching and louse development. In this double-blind, phase 2 study, 50 subjects aged \≥3 years with active head lice infestation were randomized to receive a single treatment of abametapir lotion, 0.74\%, or vehicle (control), applied to scalp and hair for 10 minutes. Ovicidal efficacy was measured by recording the hatch rate of eggs collected from each subject\’s hair before and after treatment and incubated for 14 days. With abametapir, 100\% of treated eggs remained unhatched compared with 64.0\% for vehicle. Accounting for pretreatment hatch rates, the absolute reduction in egg hatching was 92.9\% for abametapir versus 42.3\% for vehicle (P \< .0001). The most frequently reported adverse event was rash (16\%). Abametapir lotion, 0.74\%, demonstrated significant ovicidal activity against head lice eggs with a single application.

}, keywords = {abametapir, clinical, head lice, louse eggs, Ovicidal}, issn = {2333-794X}, doi = {10.1177/2333794X19831295}, url = {http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2333794X19831295}, author = {Bowles,V. M. and Sharon Hanegraaf and Tiina Ahveninen and Srinivas Sidgiddi and Kent Allenby and Hugh Alsop} } @article {45668, title = {A phase I volunteer study to establish the degree of absorption and effect on cholinesterase activity of four head lice preparations containing malathion}, journal = {Clinical Drug Investigations}, volume = {18}, year = {1999}, month = {1999}, pages = {105 - 115}, keywords = {clinical, Malathion, Pediculosis, trial}, author = {Dennis,G. A. and Lee,P. N.} } @article {40356, title = {Comparative study of the clinical effectiveness of a pyrethrin based pediculicide with combing versus a permethrin-based pediculicide with combing}, journal = {Clinical Pediatrics}, volume = {37}, year = {1998}, month = {1998}, pages = {17 - 22}, abstract = {In a randomized, evaluator-blinded clinical trial, 190 patients were treated for Pediculus humans capitis infestations with a pyrethrin-piperonyl-butoxide pediculicide (RID(R), Py-PB) and a permethrin pediculicide (NIX(R) PM). A total of 160 patients were evaluable for nit-combing speed, 156 patients were evaluable for efficacy at day 7, and 150 patients were evaluable for efficacy at day 14. Both Py-PB and PM showed 100\% efficacy at day 7. At day 14, one patient in the PM group had an apparent reinfestation. The Py-PB group had significantly lower mean combing times (P = 0.04), but because the PM group had more nits, the two groups were not significantly different in combing speed expressed as seconds per nit. Multiple regression and covariance analyses suggested that the greater speed of the Py-PB comb might have been masked by this baseline difference. Three patients had mild adverse experiences (Py-PB: erythema, PM: erythema and tingling sensation). No patients were removed from the study because of adverse events. In conclusion, this controlled clinical study demonstrated that both Py-PB and PM provided 100\% efficacy following a single application. Differences attributable to comb design favored the Py-PB "rake" comb, but this requires additional evaluation and confirmation.}, keywords = {clinical, head lice, Pediculus}, author = {Bainbridge,C. V. and Klein,G. L. and Neibart,S. I. and Hassman,H. and Ellis,K. and Manring,D. and Goodyear,R. and Newman,J. and Micik,S. and Hoehler,F. and Walicke,P.} } @article {40361, title = {An assessment of topical and oral prescription and over-the- counter treatments for head lice}, journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology}, volume = {38}, year = {1998}, month = {1998}, pages = {979 - 982}, abstract = {A plethora of head lice cases that require optimal therapeutic assessments are developing in elementary schools. Over-the- counter therapies continue to be the mainstream solution for most cases of pediculosis capitis, but the onset of resistant cases dictates a review of available treatment modalities. The increased efficacy of prescription drugs, namely topical 5\% permethrin and oral ivermectin, underline the expanding role that physicians will serve in the eradication of head lice in our communities.}, keywords = {clinical, Control, efficacy, Ivermectin, Pediculosis capitis, Pediculus, Scabies, therapy}, author = {Craig G. Burkhart and Burkhart,Craig N. and Burkhart,K. M.} } @article {40362, title = {Head lice therapy revisited}, journal = {Clinical Pediatrics}, volume = {37}, year = {1998}, month = {1998}, pages = {395}, keywords = {clinical, Control, Pediculus}, url = {https://search.proquest.com/openview/e5066f11b48d364ccb2d0e39002262a6/1?pq-origsite=gscholar\&cbl=42114}, author = {Burkhart,Craig N. and Craig G. Burkhart and Arbogast,J.} } @article {40299, title = {Update on therapy: Ivermectin is available for use against lice}, journal = {Infections in Medicine}, volume = {14}, year = {1997}, month = {1997}, pages = {689 - 689}, keywords = {clinical, ectoparasite, efficacy, Pediculus, Scabies}, author = {Burkhart,K. M. and Burkhart,Craig N. and Craig G. Burkhart} } @article {40197, title = {Clinical efficacy of treatment for head lice - authors differ on assessment of flaws in trials}, journal = {British Medical Journal}, volume = {311}, year = {1995}, month = {1995}, pages = {1369}, keywords = {clinical, Control, Pediculus}, url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/38517.pdf}, author = {Burgess,Ian F.} } @article {40119, title = {New head louse repellent}, journal = {British Journal of Dermatology}, volume = {128}, year = {1993}, month = {1993}, pages = {357 - 358}, keywords = {clinical, Control, Pediculus}, url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/38411.pdf}, author = {Burgess,Ian F.} } @article {40089, title = {Of lice and men}, journal = {Chemistry and Industry}, year = {1992}, month = {1992}, pages = {670 - 670}, keywords = {clinical, Pediculus}, author = {Busvine,James R.} } @article {40051, title = {The treatment of human ectoparasite infection}, journal = {British Journal of Dermatology}, volume = {125}, year = {1991}, month = {1991}, pages = {89 - 93}, keywords = {absorption, capitis, clinical, cream, creme, head, hexachloride, Infestation, lice, lindane, Norway, Pediculosis, Permethrin, public health, rinse, Scabies, shampoo}, author = {Burns,D. A.} } @article {40004, title = {How prevalent are head lice}, journal = {Parasitology Today}, volume = {5}, year = {1989}, month = {1989}, pages = {135 - 136}, keywords = {clinical, Pediculus, Survey}, author = {Bradshaw,H.} } @article {39973, title = {How are head lice transmitted - reply}, journal = {British Medical Journal}, volume = {296}, year = {1988}, month = {1988}, pages = {1006 - 1006}, keywords = {clinical, Pediculus}, author = {Buxton,P. K.} } @article {39958, title = {Comparative study of permethrin 1-percent creme rinse and lindane shampoo for the treatment of head lice}, journal = {Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal}, volume = {6}, year = {1987}, month = {1987}, pages = {252 - 255}, keywords = {clinical, Control, Pediculus}, author = {Bowerman,J. G. and Gomez,M. P. and Austin,R. D. and Wold,D. E.} } @article {39943, title = {Effects of closantel on face lice (Linognathus ovillus) of sheep}, journal = {Australian Veterinary Journal}, volume = {63}, year = {1986}, month = {1986}, pages = {89 - 90}, keywords = {Anoplura, clinical, Control, veterinary}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1986.tb02939.x}, url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1986.tb02939.x}, author = {Butler,A. R.} } @article {39942, title = {Observations on the control of ovine face lice (Linognathus ovillus) with closantel}, journal = {Australian Veterinary Journal}, volume = {63}, year = {1986}, month = {1986}, pages = {371 - 372}, keywords = {Anoplura, clinical, veterinary}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1986.tb02901.x}, url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1986.tb02901.x}, author = {Butler,A. R.} } @article {39907, title = {Picture of the Month - Phthirus pubis (Pubic Louse) Blepharitis}, journal = {American Journal of Diseases of Children}, volume = {138}, year = {1984}, month = {1984}, pages = {1079 - 1080}, keywords = {clinical, Pthirus, Pthirus pubis}, author = {Baker,R. S. and Feingold,M.} } @article {39846, title = {The history of Nicolle Charles discovery of the louse-borne typhus infection ways}, journal = {Parazitologiya}, volume = {15}, year = {1981}, month = {1981}, pages = {87 - 91}, keywords = {clinical, louse borne, typhus}, author = {Bychovskaya-Pavlovskaya,I. E.} } @article {39749, title = {Health evaluation of translocated free-ranging primates in French Guiana}, journal = {American Journal of Primatology}, volume = {54}, year = {2001}, month = {2001}, pages = {1 - 16}, abstract = {Among over 40 mammal species threatened by the filling of a hydroelectric dam reservoir in French Guiana, three species of primates have been translocated, comprising 124 red howler monkeys, six white-faced sakis, and 95 golden-handed tamarins. Health status of the animals was evaluated by direct physical examination and by hematological, biochemical, virological, and parasitological surveys of collected blood. The physical condition of the howlers was slightly worse toward the end of the capture period, but that of sakis and tamarins remained satisfactory. Several ectoparasites (ticks, larvae of dipterous insects, fleas, and lice) were collected, and various wounds, apparently nondebilitating, were recorded in howlers. Hematological and biochemical profiles determined for the three species revealed a slight anemia in howlers. Entamoeba, Strongyloides, and Trypanoxyurus were common in fecal samples of howlers. A survey of blood smears from the three species revealed infection by several types of microfilaria, Trypanosoma rangeli-like and Plasmodium brasilianum in all three, and Trypanosoma cruzi-like in howlers. These infections had no significant impact on the health status or the hematological profiles. Serologic investigations revealed occasional reactions against Toxoplasma gondii, a strong anti- Plasmodium response in the two Cebidae species, and a weaker one in tamarins. Attempts to isolate arbovirus failed, but antibody responses to Mayaro and yellow fever viruses were strong, especially in the howlers. A strong correlation between age and serological status led to a better understanding of the epidemic cycles. Our survey indicates French Guianan primates are reservoirs for several anthropozoonoses, including malaria, Chagas disease, and arboviruses. (C) 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.}, keywords = {Alouatta, amazon, arbovirus, body, Brazil, clinical, French, Guiana, investigations, malaria, measurements, midas, monkeys, new world, nonhuman primates, parasite, Saguinus, seniculus, serology, simian, sites, squirrel monkeys, values, virus}, author = {de Thoisy,B. and Vogel,I. and Reynes,J. M. and Pouliquen,J. F. and Carme,B. and Kazanji,M. and Vie,J. C.} } @article {39731, title = {Head lice fear the dance floor}, journal = {Photonics Spectra}, volume = {34}, year = {2000}, month = {2000}, pages = {26 - 27}, keywords = {clinical, Pediculus}, author = {Burgess,D. S.} } @article {39732, title = {Physicians should treat head lice}, journal = {Infections in Medicine}, volume = {16}, year = {1999}, month = {1999}, pages = {97 - 97}, abstract = {Physicians can play a key role in eliminating the epidemic of head lice.}, keywords = {clinical, Control, Ivermectin, lice, Pediculus, Permethrin}, author = {Craig G. Burkhart} } @article {39734, title = {Use of topical nicotine for treatment of Pediculus humanus capitis (Anaplura : Pediculidae)}, journal = {Journal of Medical Entomology}, volume = {37}, year = {2000}, month = {2000}, pages = {170 - 171}, abstract = {

Head lice are caused by the host-specific, ectoparasitic insect Pediculus humanus capitis De Geer and remain a common human infestation. As a response to increasing; resistance of head lice to present insecticidal agents, additional agents must be pursued. Inasmuch as nicotine has been used for controlling poultry lice, an in vitro study assessing its possible usage for human head lice was performed. Nicotine proved not to be an efficient insecticide, although it may facilitate removal of adult lice because it induces muscle twitches that may affect the insect\&$\#$39;s normal grip on hair follicles.

}, keywords = {capitis, clinical, Control, head, humanus, lice, nicotine, Pediculus}, url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/37882.pdf}, author = {Craig G. Burkhart and Burkhart,Craig N.} } @article {39733, title = {Return of the silent merengue: the crab louse}, journal = {Infections in Medicine}, volume = {16}, year = {1999}, note = {178GT INFECT MED}, month = {1999}, pages = {182 - 182}, keywords = {clinical, Pthirus, Pthirus pubis}, author = {Burkhart,Craig N. and Craig G. Burkhart} } @article {39514, title = {Evidence from double infestations for the specific status of human head and body lice (Anoplura)}, journal = {Systematic Entomology}, volume = {3}, year = {1978}, month = {1978}, pages = {1 - 8}, abstract = {

Samples of head and body lice obtained from Ethiopians suffering from double infestations were mounted on microscope slides and measured. The mean length of body lice (f 4.4 mm; m 3.8mm) was greater than that of head lice (f 3.5 mm; m 2.9 mm), but the best discriminate was the length of the tibia of the middle leg (f 425/296 mm; m 421/291 mm). No intermediate specimens were found in these double infestations, although intermediates can be produced experimentally by cross-mating. Since populations of head lice and body lice remain distinct it is concluded that they represent two distinct species, Pediculus capitis De Geer and P. humanus Linneaus.

}, keywords = {clinical, Ethiopia, Pediculus}, url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/1064.pdf}, author = {Busvine,James R.} } @book {39244, title = {The Louse. An account of the lice which infest man, their medical importance and control}, volume = {2}, year = {1947}, note = {Provides detailed if somewhat dated infomation on the lice which infest man. Notable Pediculus humanus although the book also includes a chapter on the pubic louse Phthirus pubis. The following topics are covered:}, month = {1947}, pages = {164}, publisher = {Edward Arnold \& Co.}, organization = {Edward Arnold \& Co.}, address = {London}, keywords = {clinical, history, Pediculus, Pthirus}, url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/0666.pdf}, author = {Buxton,Patrick Alfred} }