@article {94475, title = {{\textquotedblleft}Acrobatic{\textquotedblright} Lice}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, volume = {377}, year = {2017}, month = {May-10-2017}, pages = {e19}, abstract = {

Video link. URL: https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMicm1700352

}, issn = {0028-4793}, doi = {10.1056/NEJMicm1700352}, url = {http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMicm1700352}, author = {Ad{\'a}n Fuentes-Su{\'a}rez and Tita N. Gonz{\'a}lez-M{\'a}rquez} } @article {46293, title = {Images in clinical medicine. Pediculosis capitis}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, volume = {335}, year = {1996}, note = {LR: 20041117; JID: 0255562; CIN: N Engl J Med. 1997 Mar 6;336(10):734-5; author reply 735. PMID: 9045056; CIN: N Engl J Med. 1997 Mar 6;336(10):734; author reply 735. PMID: 9045055; CIN: N Engl J Med. 1997 Mar 6;336(10):735. PMID: 9045057; ppublish}, month = {1996}, pages = {790}, address = {UNITED STATES}, keywords = {adolescent, animals, child, humans, Lice Infestations/parasitology, Ovum, Pediculus, scalp dermatoses}, isbn = {0028-4793}, author = {Driscoll,D. M. and Tronic,B.} } @article {46282, title = {Treatment of head lice}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, volume = {336}, year = {1997}, month = {1997}, pages = {734; author reply 735}, abstract = {Reply to Driscoll \& Tronsic, 1996}, keywords = {animals, child, humans, Lice Infestations/parasitology, Ovum, Pediculus, scalp dermatoses}, url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/45144.pdf}, author = {Nguyen,V. X. and Pierre Robert} } @article {46239, title = {Chronic Bartonella quintana bacteremia in homeless patients}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, volume = {340}, year = {1999}, note = {LR: 20041117; JID: 0255562; 0 (Antibodies, Bacterial); 0 (DNA, Bacterial); ppublish}, month = {1999}, pages = {184 - 189}, address = {UNITED STATES}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: Infection with Bartonella quintana can cause trench fever, endocarditis, bacillary angiomatosis, and peliosis. An outbreak of bacteremia due to B. quintana has been reported among homeless people in Seattle, and the seroprevalence is high among homeless people in both the United States and Europe. Body lice are known to be the vectors of B. quintana. METHODS: We studied all the homeless people who presented in 1997 to the emergency departments of the University Hospital, Marseilles, France. Blood was collected for microimmunofluorescence testing for antibodies against B. quintana and for culture of the bacterium. Body lice were collected and analyzed by the polymerase chain reaction and sequencing of a portion of the citrate synthase gene of B. quintana. RESULTS: In 10 of 71 homeless patients (14 percent), blood cultures were positive for B. quintana, and 21 of the patients (30 percent) had high titers of antibody against the organism. A total of 17 patients (24 percent) had evidence of recent infection (bacteremia or seroconversion). Tests of lice from 3 of the 15 patients from whom they were collected were positive for B. quintana. The homeless people with B. quintana bacteremia were more likely to have been exposed to lice (P=0.002), were more likely to have headaches (P=0.03) and severe leg pain (P<0.001), and had lower platelet counts (P=0.006) than the homeless people who were seronegative for B. quintana and did not have bacteremia; 8 of the 10 patients with bacteremia were afebrile. Five patients had chronic bacteremia, as indicated by positive blood cultures over a period of several weeks. CONCLUSIONS: In an outbreak of urban trench fever among homeless people in Marseilles, B. quintana infections were associated with body lice in patients with nonspecific symptoms or no symptoms.}, keywords = {adult, animals, Antibodies, Bacterial/blood, Bacteremia/complications/epidemiology/microbiology, Bartonella quintana/genetics/immunology/isolation \& purification, Disease Outbreaks, dna, France, homeless, humans, Middle Aged, Pediculus, Seroepidemiologic Studies, trench fever}, isbn = {0028-4793}, author = {Brouqui,Philippe and La Scola,Bernard and Roux,Veronique and Didier Raoult} } @article {46057, title = {Clinical practice. Head lice}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, volume = {346}, year = {2002}, month = {2002}, pages = {1645 - 1650}, keywords = {animals, child, Drug Resistance, humans, insecticide, Lice Infestations/diagnosis/therapy, Malathion, Ovum, Pediculosis, Pediculus, Pyrethrum, scalp dermatoses}, url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/44870.pdf}, author = {Richard J. Roberts} } @article {46035, title = {Head lice}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, volume = {347}, year = {2002}, month = {2002}, pages = {1381 - 1382}, keywords = {animals, humans, insecticide, Lice Infestations/drug therapy/transmission, Malathion, Pediculus, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t, scalp dermatoses, U.S.A.}, author = {Meinking,Terri Lynn and Craig G. Burkhart and Burkhart,Craig N.} } @article {45693, title = {Pediculus capitis}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, volume = {309}, year = {1983}, month = {1983}, pages = {1461}, keywords = {Pediculosis}, author = {Fine,B.} } @article {41746, title = {Crabs - The resurgence of Phthirus pubis.}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, volume = {278}, year = {1968}, note = {1515}, month = {1968}, pages = {950 - 952}, abstract = {

This artilce has no abstarct

CRABS (Phthirus pubis), the pubic or crab lice, have traditionally been a sociologic fingerprint marking society\&$\#$39;s refuse \— the vulgar, promiscuous and unwashed. This concept is no longer valid in permissive America of the 1960\&$\#$39;s. Today, crabs are harbored not only by streetfighter and streetwalker but by executive and debutante. A unique contemporary source for dissemination of crabs is the \"hippie love-in,\" where more than flowers is exchanged. It is not surprising that the incidence of P. pubis, like that of other venereal diseases, has risen significantly as the boundaries of sexual freedom have blurred.

}, keywords = {Gert, med. Bedeutung., Pthirus}, doi = {DOI: 10.1056/NEJM196804252781707}, url = {https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM196804252781707}, author = {Ackermann,A.} } @article {40245, title = {Prevention of Jarisch-Herxheimer reactions by treatment with antibodies against tumor necrosis factor alpha}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, volume = {335}, year = {1996}, month = {1996}, pages = {311 - 315}, abstract = {

Background In patients with louse-borne relapsing fever (Borrelia recurrentis infection), antimicrobial treatment is often followed by sudden fever, rigors, and persistent hypotension (Jarisch-Herxheimer reactions) that are associated with increases in plasma concentrations of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6, and interleukin-8. We attempted to determine whether sheep polyclonal Fab antibody fragments against TNF-alpha (anti-TNF- alpha Fab) could suppress the Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction. Methods We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in 49 patients with proven louse-borne relapsing fever. Immediately before the intramuscular injection of penicillin, the patients received an intravenous infusion of either anti-TNF-alpha Fab or a control solution. Results Ten of the 20 patients given anti-TNF-alpha Fab had Jarisch- Herxheimer reactions with rigors, as compared with 26 of the 29 control patients (P = 0.006). The controls had significantly greater mean maximal increases in temperature (1.5 vs. 0.8 degrees C, P\<0.001), pulse rate (31 vs, 13 per minute, P\<0.001), and systolic blood pressure (25 vs. 15 mm Hg, P\<0.003), as well as higher mean peak plasma concentrations of interleukin-6 (50 vs. 17 mu g per liter) and interleukin-8 (2000 vs. 205 ng per liter) (P\<0.001 for both comparisons). Levels of TNF-alpha were undetectable after treatment with anti-TNF-alpha Fab. Conclusions Pretreatment with sheep anti-TNF-alpha Fab suppresses Jarisch-Herxheimer reactions that occur after penicillin treatment for louse-borne relapsing fever, reduces the associated increases in plasma concentrations of interleukin-6 and interleukin-8, and may be useful in other forms of sepsis. (C) 1996, Massachusetts Medical Society.

}, keywords = {cachectin, disease, endotoxin, fever, monoclonal antibody, Relapsing Fever, sepsis, septic, shock, therapy, tnf}, doi = {10.1056/NEJM199608013350503}, url = {https://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJM199608013350503?url_ver=Z39.88-2003\&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org\&rfr_dat=cr_pub\%20\%200www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov}, author = {Fekade,D. and Knox,K. and Hussein,K. and Melka,A. and Lalloo,D. G. and Coxon,R. E. and D. A. Warrell} }