@conference {96511, title = {Heteromenopon sp. (PHTHIRAPTERA) Y Knemidocoptes sp. (ACARI: SARCOPTIFORMES) EN LOROS BARRANQUEROS DE PATAGONIA}, booktitle = { IX Congreso Argentino de Parasitolog{\'\i}a}, year = {2022}, month = {June 2022}, publisher = {Asociaciaci{\'o}n Parasitol{\'o}gica Argentina}, organization = {Asociaciaci{\'o}n Parasitol{\'o}gica Argentina}, address = {Salta, Argentina}, abstract = {

Poster and abstract in Spanish -PO-126

English translated Title: Heteromenopon sp. (Phthiraptera) and Knemidocoptes sp. (Acari: Sarcoptiformes) in Patagonian Burrowing Parrots

}, keywords = {Knemidocoptes, Patagonia}, doi = {10.13140/RG.2.2.28119.34729}, url = {http://rid.unrn.edu.ar/handle/20.500.12049/8876}, author = {Marina Winter and Valeria Corbal{\'a}n and Marcos Javier Butti and Mauricio Failla and Javier Anibal Origlia and Sergio Dami{\'a}n Abate} } @article {96471, title = {The genus Neopsittaconirmus (Psocodea: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from parrots of Pakistan, and evaluation of its distribution on captive parrots (Psittaciformes) around the world}, journal = {Research in Veterinary Science}, volume = {167}, year = {2024}, month = {Feb-01-2024}, pages = {105121}, abstract = {

The genus Neopsittaconirmus Conci, 1942 is a host-specific genus, found on both wild and captive parrots and love birds (order Psittaciformes). Two species of this genus: N. lybartota (Ansari, 1947) and N. chandabani (Ansari, 1947) have been previously reported from the Punjab province, Pakistan. We recorded N. lybartota from Psittacula eupatria nipalensis (n = 2), Psittacula krameri borealis (n = 13), and captive Psittacula krameri krameri (n = 4) with the mean intensity of 2.0 \± 1, 2.13 \± 0.35 and 2.25 \± 0.47, respectively; the prevalence of louse infestation was 62\% in P. krameri borealis and 100\% in P. krameri krameri and P. eupatria nipalensis. From this material, we redescribed its morphological variations in taxonomic features. Records on P. eupatria nipalensis and P. krameri krameri represent new host associations for this species of louse. We also present a new record of Neopsittaconirmus vendulae from a captive cockatiel, Nymphicus hollandicua (n = 3) in Pakistan, with mean intensity of 2.6 \± 0.66. Intraspecific variability of this species is described in detail, with special reference to the male and female terminalia, and male genitalia. We aimed to update and extend the fauna of chewing lice infesting birds of Pakistan. Previous records of Neopsittaconirmus on captive parrots around the world are summarized and discussed. Despite long-standing systematic veterinary care, some Neopsittaconirmus have cosmopolitan distribution and they are able to survive and successfully reproduce in captivity with their hosts, and even colonize novel hosts

}, keywords = {Agapornis personatus, geographical distribution, Melopsittacus undulatus, Neopsittaconirmus vendulae, New records, Nymphicus hollandicua, Nymphicus hollandicus, Pakistan, Psittacula krameri krameri, Psittaculidae}, issn = {0034-5288}, doi = {10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.105121}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0034528823003727}, author = {Naz,Saima and Old{\v r}ich Sychra and Syed Anser Rizvi and Ali Murtaza Dharejo} } @article {96194, title = {Contribution to the fauna of chewing lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) in wild birds of Spain, with new records and new host-louse associations}, journal = {Scientia Parasitologica}, volume = {24}, year = {2023}, pages = {22-33}, abstract = {

This manuscript presents new information on 14 species of chewing lice (Phthiraptera) for the Spanish fauna. 9 species and 2 genera are new records for Spain. In addition, 12 host-louse associations not registered to date in Spain and 2 new associations for the first time worldwide are added, these are Laemobothrion (L.) tinnunculi from Falco naumanni and Ricinus meinertzahageni from Anthus campestris. Contributie la studiul faunei p{\u a}duchilor malofagi (Insecta: Phthiraptera) la p{\u a}s{\u a}rile s{\u a}lbatice din Spania, cu noi \înregistr{\u a}ri si noi asociatii gazd{\u a}-p{\u a}duchi. Rezumat. Acest manuscris prezint{\u a} informatii noi despre 14 specii de p{\u a}duchi malofagi (Phthiraptera) pentru fauna spaniol{\u a}. Nou{\u a} specii si 2 genuri sunt noi semnal{\u a}ri pentru Spania. \În plus, se adaug{\u a} 12 asociatii gazd{\u a}-p{\u a}duchi ne\înregistrate p\ân{\u a} \în prezent \în Spania si 2 asociatii noi pentru prima dat{\u a} la nivel mondial, acestea sunt Laemobothrion (L.) tinnunculi de la Falco naumanni si Ricinus meinertzahageni de la Anthus campestris.

Contributie la studiul faunei p{\u a}duchilor malofagi (Insecta: Phthiraptera) la p{\u a}s{\u a}rile s{\u a}lbatice din Spania, cu noi \înregistr{\u a}ri si noi asociatii gazd{\u a}-p{\u a}duchi.

Rezumat. Acest manuscris prezint{\u a} informatii noi despre 14 specii de p{\u a}duchi malofagi (Phthiraptera) pentru fauna spaniol{\u a}. Nou{\u a} specii si 2 genuri sunt noi semnal{\u a}ri pentru Spania. \În plus, se adaug{\u a} 12 asociatii gazd{\u a}p{\u a}duchi ne\înregistrate p\ân{\u a} \în prezent \în Spania si 2 asociatii noi pentru prima dat{\u a} la nivel mondial, acestea sunt Laemobothrion (L.) tinnunculi de la Falco naumanni si Ricinus meinertzahageni de la Anthus campestris.


Cuvinte cheie: p{\u a}s{\u a}ri; Mallophaga; ectoparazit; Peninsula Iberic{\u a}.

Publisher website : https://scientia.zooparaz.net/2023_24_01/Article\%204\%20Talabante.pdf

}, keywords = {birds, ectoparasite, Iberian Peninsula, Mallophaga}, issn = {1582-1366}, url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/371964962_Contribution_to_the_fauna_of_chewing_lice_Insecta_Phthiraptera_in_wild_birds_of_Spain_with_new_records_and_new_host-louse_associations}, author = {Carlos Talabante-Ram{\'\i}rez and Iv{\'a}n Bernal_Sosa} } @article {95786, title = {Distribution Pattern of Phthirapterans Infesting Certain Common Indian Birds}, journal = {Journal of Parasitology}, volume = {93}, year = {2007}, month = {August 2007}, pages = {957-958}, abstract = {

The prevalence and frequency distribution patterns of 10 phthirapteran species infesting house sparrows, Indian parakeets, common mynas, and white breasted kingfishers were recorded in the district of Rampur, India, during 2004\–05. The sample mean abundances, mean intensities, range of infestations, variance to mean ratios, values of the exponent of the negative binomial distribution, and the indices of discrepancy were also computed. Frequency distribution patterns of all phthirapteran species were skewed, but the observed frequencies did not correspond to the negative binomial distribution. Thus, adult\–nymph ratios varied in different species from 1:0.53 to 1:1.25. Sex ratios of different phthirapteran species ranged from 1:1.10 to 1:1.65 and were female biased.

}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1645/GE-978R1.1}, url = {http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1645/GE-978R1.1}, author = {Arun Kumar Saxena and Sandeep Kumar and Nidhi Gupta and J. D. Mitra and Saf A. Ali and Srivastava,Roshani K.} } @article {95032, title = {Colecta, preparaci{\'o}n e identificaci{\'o}n de par{\'a}sitos}, journal = {Revista Parasitolog{\'\i}a Latinoamericana}, volume = {69}, year = {2020}, month = {2020}, pages = {12-29}, abstract = {

Paper in Spanish

Resumen
Los par\ásitos constituyen los organismos m\ás numerosos de los ecosistemas terrestres, tanto en cantidad de especies como en numero, y a pesar de esto su conocimiento es fragmentado y ha sido escazamente abordado. Realizar una correcta preparaci\ón e identificaci\ón de los par\ásitos es clave al momento de iniciar estudios de diversidad par\ásitaria en fauna silvestre, por lo que es necesario en primera instancia conocer m\étodos de colecta, de preservaci\ón y finalmente identificaci\ón de los par\ásitos. Una colecta puede ser exitosa, pero si no
consideramos aspectos relevantes en el manejo de cada grupo de par\ásitos para poder posteriormente identificarlos, el trabajo ser\á infruct\ífero. En esta revisi\ón entregamos los detalles m\ás valiosos para tratar los par\ásitos desde el momento en que se colectan hasta que quedan en condiciones de ser identificados por el especialista de cada grupo. El tratamiento tanto de endopar\ásitos como ectopar\ásitos difiere seg\ún el grupo y seg\ún las condiciones en que est\én los espec\ímenes (vivos o muertos, frescos o congelados, pre o post ingesti\ón de sangre). Las t\écnicas descritas en la literatura son muy variadas por lo que aqu\í describimos las t\écnicas que nos han dado mejores resultados y que actualmente son las m\ás usadas por la comunidad parasitol\ógica internacional. Adem\ás, en un segundo bloque de esta revisi\ón, entregamos un listado de referencias obligatorias, dentro del cual se encuentran los textos de parasitolog\ía cl\ásica para cada grupo taxon\ómico. La adecuada colecta y posterior preservaci\ón y/o montaje de los par\ásitos nos permite poder estudiar y conocer sus estructuras, clasificarlos en su adecuada taxonom\ía y poder diferenciarlos con ejemplares similares de otros lugares geogr\áficos. De esta forma, conservamos parte del patrimonio cient\ífico dando un registro permanente de las especies del mundo, adem\ás de preservar material que permitir\á comprender problemas taxon\ómicos, biogeogr\áficos, cambios distribucionales, extinci\ón de especies hospedadoras y sus par\ásitos, as\í como detectar nuevos recursos biol\ógicos entre otras ventajas.
Palabras clave: endopar\ásitos, ectopar\ásitos, colecta, preservaci\ón, taxonom\ía

Summary
Parasites constitute the most numerous organisms in terrestrial ecosystems, both in magnitude and number of species; however, knowledge of them is fragmentary and scarcely taken into consideration. Performing the right preparation and identification of parasites is vital when a parasitic diversity survey is carried out in wildlife. Thus it is necessary to know the methods of collection, preservation and identification methods for
parasites. A collection of parasites could be successful but if relevant aspects regarding manipulation for every group of parasites are not considered in the determination of identification, the study will be fruitless. In the present review, we provide the most valuable details regarding work with parasites, since these are collected until they are classified by the specialist for every taxonomic group. The treatment for every endoparasite and ectoparasite species is different for each group and according to the conditions of every specimen (alive or dead parasites, fresh or frozen, pre- or post- ingestion of blood). The techniques described in the literature are somewhat varied; consequently, here we describe the techniques with better results in our experience and currently the ones most used by the international parasitological community. Furthermore, in a second part of this review we provide a list of mandatory references, with several classic parasitology literatures for every taxonomic group. The proper collection, preservation and/or mounting of parasites allow us to study and known their structures, classify them taxonomically and help us distinguish them from other specimens from other locations. In this way, we conserve part of the scientific heritage by giving a permanent record of the world\&$\#$39;s species, in addition to preserving material that will allow us to understand taxonomic and biogeographic problems, distributional changes, extinction of host species and their parasites, as well as detect new biological resources, among other advantages.

}, keywords = {Aquiligogus maculatus, Collection, ectoparasites, Endoparasites, Enicognathus leptorhynchus, Glaucidium nana, preservation, taxonomy, Tyto furcata}, issn = {0719-6326 online}, url = {https://sociedadchilenaparasitologia.cl/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/2020-69-1-01.05.2020-1.pdf}, author = {Pablo Oyarz{\'u}n-Ruiz and Daniel Gonz{\'a}lez-Acu{\~n}a} } @article {95001, title = {ECTOPARASITIC LOAD OF BLUE-CROWNED PARAKEET (ARATINGA A. ACUTICAUDATA, PSITTACIDAE) NESTLINGS}, journal = {Ornitologia Neotropical}, volume = {24}, year = {2013}, pages = {257-265}, abstract = {

Resumen. \– Carga ectoparasitaria de pichones de Calancate Com\ún (Aratinga a. acuticaudata,
Psittacidae). \– El Calancate Com\ún (Aratinga a. acuticaudata) se distribuye en Brasil, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay y Argentina, donde nidifica en cavidades de \árboles maduros. Nuestro objetivo fue identificar los artr\ópodos que parasitan sus pichones en una poblaci\ón de Chaco y determinar prevalencia, intensidad y abundancia de los mismos. En 2006 y 2007 obtuvimos 24 pichones de diez nidos en la Reserva Provincial Loro Hablador. Los pichones fueron expuestos a vapores de acetato de etilo y luego agitamos el plumaje para desprender los par\ásitos. Asimismo, prospectamos algunos huecos con nidos. En laboratorio, identificamos los piojos masticadores Paragoniocotes anomalus (Phthiraptera: Philopteridae), Heteromenopon laticapitis y Psittacobrossus cf. anduzei (Phthiraptera: Menopodidae); el \ácaro Ornithonyssus bursa, las chinches hemat\ófagas Ornithocoris toledoi y Triatoma sordida, y larvas de mosca del g\énero Philornis. Este trabajo representa el primer registro de T. sordida, O. bursa y P. cf. anduzei parasitando Calancate Com\ún en Argentina, y el primer registro de Philornis sp. como par\ásito de loros en el pa\ís. Ornithonyssus bursa fue el par\ásito de mayor prevalencia (90\%), H. laticapitis el de mayor abundancia media (7 piojos/loro) y O. toledoi el de mayor intensidad (32.5 chinches/loro). Los hemat\ófagos aparecieron en edades m\ás tempranas (25 d\ías) que los penn\ífagos (35 d\ías). Son necesarios m\ás estudios a futuro para evaluar el impacto de estas especies sobre el desarrollo de pichones y \éxito reproductivo en el Calancate Com\ún.


Abstract. \– The Blue-crowned Parakeet (Aratinga a. acuticaudata) ranges through Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Argentina, where it nests in cavities of mature trees. Our objective was identify the arthropods parasitizing the nestlings in a population of Chaco and determine their prevalence, intensity and abundance. In 2006 and 2007, we studied 24 nestlings from ten nests in the Reserva Provincial Loro Hablador. We exposed nestlings to ethyl acetate vapors and then removed parasites by agitating feathers. Also, some tree holes with nests were visually prospected. In the laboratory, we identified the chewing lice Paragoniocotes anomalus (Phthiraptera: Philopteridae), Heteromenopon laticapitis, and Psittacobrossus cf. anduzei (Phthiraptera: Menopodidae), the mite Ornithonyssus bursa, the hematophagous bugs Triatoma sordida and Ornithocoris toledoi, and botfly Philornis sp. This is the first record of T. sordida, O. bursa, and P. cf. anduzei parasitizing Blue-crowned Parakeet in Argentina, and the first record of Philornis sp. parasitizing parrots in Argentina. Ornithonyssus bursa was the most prevalent (90\%), H. laticapitis had the highest mean abundance (7 lice/parrot), and O. toledoi the highest intensity parasite (32.5 bugs/parrot). Haematophagous species appeared at younger host ages (25 days) than penniphagous (35 days). Further studies are needed to evaluate the impact of these species on the nestling development and breeding success in the Blue-crowned Parakeet. Accepted 15 October 2013.

}, keywords = {Blue-crowned Parakeet, botflies, Chewing lice, ectoparasites, haematopagous bug, mites, nestlings, Ornithocoris toledoi, Ornithonyssus bursa, Triatoma sordida.}, url = {https://sora.unm.edu/node/133373}, author = {Arambur{\'u},Rosana and Berkunsky,Igor and Formoso,Anah{\'\i} and Armando Conrado Cicchino} } @article {94780, title = {Chewing lice (Insecta, Phthiraptera) parasitizing birds in Botucatu, SP, Brazil}, journal = {Revista Brasileira de Ci{\^e}ncia Veterin{\'a}ria}, volume = {19}, year = {2012}, month = {01-2012}, pages = {206 - 212}, abstract = {

Three hundred and ten birds were examined for chewing lice. Eleven individuals belonging to eleven species of exotic (1), and wildlife Brazilian birds (10) were positive for these ectoparasites. Ten species of chewing lice were identified (three belonging to the family Menoponidae and seven to Philopteridae). Three of these species were recognized as contaminators, and two were identified in Brazil for the first time. Distribution of these parasites and their hosts are discussed.

Portugese Title:\ Mal\ófagos (Insecta, Phthiraptera) parasitando aves em Botucatu, SP, Brasil

Resumo

Trezentas e dez aves de esp\écies distintas foram analisadas quanto \à presen\ça de piolhos, sendo encontradas onze parasitadas. Destas, uma esp\écie (1) era ex\ótica e dez (10) eram silvestres da avifauna brasileira (10). Foram identificadas neste estudo dez esp\écies de piolhos (tr\ês pertencentes \à fam\ília Menoponidae e sete a fam\ília Philopteridae). Destes piolhos, tr\ês esp\écies foram classificadas como contaminantes e duas esp\écies est\ão sendo relatadas no Brasil pela primeira vez. A distribui\ç\ão destes parasitos e os seus hospedeiros habituais s\ão discutidos neste artigo.
Palavras-chave: ectoparasitos, aves, entomologia, sa\úde animal.

}, keywords = {animal health, birds, ectoparasites, entomology}, issn = {1413-0130}, doi = {10.4322/rbcv.2014.098}, url = {http://doi.editoracubo.com.br/10.4322/rbcv.2014.098}, author = {Guilherme A. Marietto-Gon{\c c}alves and Thaigo F. Martins and Raphael L. Andreatti-Filho} } @article {94466, title = {Environmental drivers of parasite load and species richness in introduced parakeets in an urban landscape}, journal = {Parasitology Research}, volume = {117}, year = {2018}, pages = {3591-3599}, abstract = {

Introduced species represent a threat to native wildlife worldwide, due to predation, competition, and disease transmission. Concurrent introduction of parasites may also add a new dimension of competition, i.e. parasite-mediated competition, through spillover and spillback dynamics. Urban areas are major hotspots of introduced species, but little is known about the effects of urban habitat structure on the parasite load and diversity of introduced species. Here, we investigated such environmental effects on the ectoparasite load, richness, and occurrence of spillback in two widespread invasive parakeets, Psittacula krameri and Myiopsitta monachus, in the metropolitan area of Rome, central Italy. We tested 231 parakeets and found that in both species parasite load was positively influenced by host abundance at local scale, while environmental features such as the amount of natural or urban habitats, as well as richness of native birds, influenced parasite occurrence, load, and richness differently in the two host species. Therefore, we highlight the importance of host population density and habitat composition in shaping the role of introduced parakeets in the spread of both native and introduced parasites, recommending the monitoring of urban populations of birds and their parasites to assess and manage the potential occurrence of parasite-mediated competition dynamics as well as potential spread of vector-borne diseases.

}, keywords = {ectoparasites, introduction, Psittaciformes, Urban ecology}, issn = {0932-0113}, doi = {10.1007/s00436-018-6058-5}, url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00436-018-6058-5}, author = {Ancillotto, Leonardo and V. Studer and Howard, Theresa and Vincent Stuart Smith and Erica McAlister and Jan Beccaloni and Francesca Manzia and F. Renzopaoli and Luciano Bosso and Danilo Russo and Mori, Emiliano} } @article {94463, title = {Parasitic survey on introduced monk parakeets (Myiopsitta monachus) in Santiago, Chile}, journal = {Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterin{\'a}ria}, volume = {26}, year = {2017}, month = {Jan-06-2017}, pages = {129 - 135}, abstract = {

Central Chile has been identified as a unique ecosystem with high conservation priority because of its high levels of endemism and intensive anthropic pressure. Over a period of almost four decades, the monk parakeet has been successful in establishing and dispersing in urban Santiago, although little is known about its potential impact. Furthermore, nothing is known about its epidemiological risks towards animals or even humans. For this reason, we conducted the first parasitic survey of monk parakeets in Chile through capture, necropsy and thorough external and internal inspection of 92 adult individuals. Among these, 45.7\% presented lice that were identified as Paragoniocotes fulvofasciatum, 1.1\% had mesostigmatid acari and 8.9\% had free-ranging acari. Among 89 parakeets, 19.1\% had structures identified as Cryptosporidium sp. This study provides the first description of Cryptosporidium sp. in monk parakeets. Along with the presence of a mesostigmatid acarus in one parakeet, this serves as a public health warning, given that both of these parasites have zoonotic potential.

Spanish title:\ Levantamento parasit\ário da caturrita (Myiopsitta monachus) introduzida em Santiago, Chile\ 

Resumo:\ A por\ç\ão central do Chile \é reconhecidamente uma \área com ecossistemas \únicos de alta prioridade para conserva\ç\ão. Isso se deve aos altos n\íveis de endemismo na regi\ão e press\ões antr\ópicas intensas. Durante quase quatro d\écadas, a caturrita tem obtido sucesso em seu estabelecimento e dispers\ão na \área urbana de Santiago, apesar da falta de conhecimento com rela\ç\ão ao seu potencial impacto. Al\ém disso, n\ão h\á informa\ç\ões sobre riscos epidemiol\ógicos para animais e tampouco para humanos. Motivado por essa quest\ão, foi realizado o primeiro levantamento parasit\ário de caturritas no Chile a partir da captura, necropsia e inspe\ç\ão interna e externa de 92 indiv\íduos adultos. Deste total, 45,7\% apresentaram piolhos da esp\écie Paragoniocotes fulvofasciatum, 1,1\% apresentaram \ácaros da ordem Mesostigmata, e 8,9\% apresentaram \ácaros de vida livre. Dentre 89 caturritas, 19,1\% apresentaram estruturas identificadas como Cryptosporidium sp. Este estudo apresenta a primeira descri\ç\ão de Cryptosporidium sp. em caturritas. Ademais, a presen\ça de \ácaros da ordem Mesostigmata em uma das aves serve como um alerta para sa\úde p\ública, considerando que estes dois parasitas apresentam potencial zoon\ótico.

}, keywords = {Cryptosporidium., mesostigmatid acarus, oribatid acari}, doi = {10.1590/s1984-29612017023}, url = {http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext\&pid=S1984-29612017000200129\&lng=en\&tlng=en}, author = {Crist{\'o}bal Brice{\~n}o and Dominique Surot and Daniel Gonz{\'a}lez-Acu{\~n}a and Francisco Javier Mart{\'\i}nez and Fernando Fredes} } @article {68964, title = {NSECTOS PAR{\'A}SITOS QUE AFECTAN A LOROS DE ARGENTINA Y M{\'E}TODOS PARA SU OBTENCI{\'O}N}, journal = {Hornero}, volume = {27}, year = {2012}, pages = {103-116}, abstract = {

RESUMEN.\— Las aves son parasitadas por una comunidad diversa de artr\ópodos, que pueden ser la causa principal de morbilidad y mortalidad en pichones y adultos. En este trabajo se brinda informaci\ón sobre m\étodos para obtener insectos par\ásitos, distinguiendo m\étodos sobre el ave (para par\ásitos permanentes) y de b\úsqueda en el nido (para par\ásitos temporarios). Se ofrecen comentarios sobre algunos de los grupos m\ás importantes de insectos par\ásitos de loros que se distribuyen en Argentina: piojos masticadores (Phthiraptera), pulgas (Siphonaptera), chinches y vinchucas (Hemiptera) y moscas (Diptera). Finalmente, la relaci\ón entre comportamiento y parasitismo se ejemplifica con actividades de las aves que favorecen la transmisi\ón y actividades que disminuyen la incidencia de insectos par\ásitos. Se destaca la importancia que tiene la relaci\ón hospedador/par\ásito en h\ábitats fragmentados para la conservaci\ón de especies amenazadas de extinci\ón.

English title:\ PARASITIC INSECTS AFFECTING PARROTS IN ARGENTINA AND COLLECTION METHODS.

ABSTRACT. \— Birds are parasitized by a diverse community of arthropods, which may be the major cause of morbidity and mortality in nestlings and adults. This article provides information on collection methods for parasitic insects, distinguishing the methods on the bird\’s body (for obligate parasites) and within nests (for temporary parasites). Comments are made about some of the most important groups of parasitic insects of parrots that are distributed in Argentina: chewing lice (Phthiraptera), fleas (Siphonaptera), bugs and triatomines (Hemiptera), and flies (Diptera). Finally, the relationship between behavior and parasitism is exemplified by activities of the birds that favor the transmission and activities that decrease the incidence of parasitic insects. It highlights the importance of the host/parasite relationship in fragmented habitats for the conservation of endangered species.

}, keywords = {Behavior, Cimicidae, Diptera, Reduviidae, Siphonaptera}, issn = {ISSN e : 0073-3407 ISSN i : 1850-4884}, url = {http://phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/68964.pdf}, author = {Arambur{\'u},Rosana} } @article {48392, title = {Chewing lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) from parrots and parakeets of the genera Cyanoliseus and Enicognathus in Chile and Argentina, with descriptions of a new species}, journal = {Zootaxa}, volume = {2117}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, pages = {37 - 42}, abstract = {

The following three species of parrots: Enicognathus leptorhynchus (King) (Choroy = Slender-billed Parakeet), E. ferrugineus (-M\üller) (Cacha\ña = Austral Parakeet) and Cyanoliseus patagonus (Vieillot) (Tricahue or Barranquero Parrot = Burrowing Parrot) from Southern Chile and Argentina were examined for chewing lice. Four louse species were found: Psittacobrossus patagoni Price and Beer and Heteromenopon macrurum (Eichler) ex the Austral Parakeet, Paragoniocotes meridionalis Guimar\ães, H. macrurum and P. patagoni ex the Burrowing Parrot, and H. macrurum and a new species of Paragoniocotes Cummings ex the Slender-billed Parakeet and the Austral Parakeet. P. meriodionalis is a new record for Chilean fauna, and E. leptorhynchus is a new host for H. macrurum. Paragoniocotes enicognathidis n. sp. is described and illustrated, discussing the morphological affinities with its close relatives.

}, url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/47537.pdf}, author = {Armando Conrado Cicchino and Daniel Gonz{\'a}lez-Acu{\~n}a} } @article {48284, title = {Ectoparasite load of blue-fronted parrot (Amazona aestiva, Psittacidae) nestlings}, journal = {Ornitologia Neotropical}, volume = {16}, year = {2005}, month = {2005}, pages = {573 - 578}, abstract = {

Ectoparasites are an important cause of mortality, morbidity, and/or reduced fecundity in birds (Feare 1976, Duffy 1983). The negative effects on clutch size (M\øller 1991, 1993), growth and survival of nestlings (Merino \& Potti 1995, Hurtrez-Bouss\és et al. 1997), parental behavior (Hurtrez-Bouss\és et al. 1997, Hurtrez-Bouss\és \& Renaud 2000), natal dispersal (Brown \& Brown 1992), future breeding success and host\’s survival (Brown et al. 1995, Richner \& Tripet 1999) are known. These risks are increased in birds that breed in domed or cavity nests reused for several breeding seasons (Bucher 1988). Blue-fronted Parrots (Amazona aestiva) are common in Paraguay, Bolivia, Brazil, and Argentina (Meyer de Schauensee 1970, Forshaw 1989, Collar 1997, Juniper \& Parr 1998). In Argentina, they occur mostly in chacoan woodlands where they nest in cavities of mature trees, at approximately 5 m from the ground. (Sauad et al. 1991).Three chewing lice, Paragoniocotes heterogenitalis heterogenitalis Carriker, Paragoniocotes semicingulatus bolivianus Carriker (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae), and Heteromenopon sp. (Phthiraptera: Amblycera: Menopodidae) has been cited as permanent parasites of Blue-fronted Parrots (Cicchino \& Castro 1997a, 1997b). The Blue-fronted Parrot is an important resource for the inhabitants of the chacoan region, because they harvest parrot nestlings for pet trade (Beissinger \& Bucher 1992). The substantial pressure on this species from both legal and illegal harvest justifies the development of a comprehensive research on its reproductive biology (Snyder et al. 2000, Fernandes-Seixas \& de Miranda-Mour\ão 2002). Ectoparasitic load data of psittacids are known for the Burrowing Parrot (Cyanoliseus patagonus) (Mey et al. 2002), and the Monk Parakeet (Myiopsitta monachus) (Arambur\ú et al. 2003). The objective of this work was to describe the ectoparasitic fauna of the nest ling population of this parrot species, and to determine the prevalence, abundance, and degree of dispersion of such species.

}, url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/47426.pdf}, author = {Berkunsky,Igor and Formoso,Anah{\'\i} and Arambur{\'u},Rosana} } @article {48246, title = {A review of the genus Forficuloecus Conci (Phthiraptera: Philopteridae) from parrots (Psittaciformes: Psittacidae), with descriptions of four new species}, journal = {Zootaxa}, volume = {1859}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, pages = {49 - 62}, abstract = {

Ten species, including four new species, of the chewing louse genus Forficuloecus Conci, 1941, are recognized from Australasian parrots, and a key is given for their identification. The new species and their type hosts are: F. cameroni ex the Red-winged Parrot, Aprosmictus erythropterus (J.F. Gmelin, 1788); F. banksi ex the Mulga Parrot, Psephotus varius Clark, 1910; F. wilsoni ex the Northern Rosella, Platycercus venustus (Kuhl, 1820); and F. josephi ex the Bourke\&$\#$39;s Parrot, Neopsephotus bourkii (Gould, 1841). Partial sequences of the mitochondrial COI gene support the genetic distinctiveness of these new species.

}, url = {https://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/47388.pdf}, author = {Roger D. Price and Kevin P. Johnson and Ricardo L. Palma} } @article {48205, title = {The identity of Neopsittaconirmus palaeornis (Eichler) (Phthiraptera: Philopteridae) from Psittacula derbiana (Psittaciformes: Psittacidae), with a new synonymy}, journal = {Zootaxa}, volume = {1827}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, pages = {62 - 64}, abstract = {

The aim of this paper is to redescribe and illustrate both sexes of N. palaeornis and to place N. difficilis Guimar\ães, 1974 as a junior synonym of N. palaeornis.

}, url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/47347.pdf}, author = {Old{\v r}ich Sychra and Ricardo L. Palma} } @article {48051, title = {Green plant material in breeding chambers of the Monk Parakeet Myiopsitta monachus (Psittacidae)}, journal = {Ornitologia Neotropical}, volume = {13}, year = {2002}, month = {2002}, pages = {433 - 436}, url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/47191.pdf}, author = {Arambur{\'u},Rosana and Armando Conrado Cicchino and Bucher,Enrique} } @article {47973, title = {Three new species of chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from Australian parrots (Psittaciformes: Psittacidae)}, journal = {Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington}, volume = {109}, year = {2007}, month = {2007}, pages = {513 - 521}, abstract = {

Three new Australian philopterid chewing louse species from parrots are described and illustrated. They are their type hosts are Neopsittaconirmus vincesmithi from Bourke\&$\#$39;s Parrot, Neopsephotus bourkii (Gould), from Western Australia and Neopsittaconirmus bushae and Echinophilopterus claytoni, both from the Bluebonnet, Northiella haematogaster (Gould), from New South Wales. A portion of the mitochondrial COI gene was sequenced for these species and other parrot lice to evaluate their genetic distinctiveness.

}, url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/47112.pdf}, author = {Roger D. Price and Kevin P. Johnson} } @article {47772, title = {Ectoparasite load of monk parakeet (Myiopsitta monachus, Psittacidae) nestlings}, journal = {Ornitologia Neotropical}, volume = {14}, year = {2003}, month = {2003}, pages = {415 - 418}, url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/46906.pdf}, author = {Arambur{\'u},Rosana and Calvo,Sebasti{\'a}n and Alzugaray,M. Eugenia and Armando Conrado Cicchino} } @article {47694, title = {New record of Afrimenopon waar (Eichler) (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from budgerigar Melopsittacus undulatus (Psittaciformes: Psittacidae) from Karachi, Pakistan}, journal = {Parasitological Research}, volume = {101}, year = {2007}, month = {2007}, pages = {505 - 509}, abstract = {

Chewing lice of the species Afrimenopon waar (Eichler) were collected from captive budgerigar Melopsittacus undulatus (Shaw) in Pakistan. This is the first record of amblyceran lice from this host. It is also the first record of the genus Afrimenopon from Pakistani region. The primary host species of Afrimenopon waar is the rosyfaced lovebird Agapornis roseicollis (Vieillot). The finding of A. waar on budgerigars is, most likely, a result of a contamination in captivity. Morphological variation and origin of these lice are discussed.

}, url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/46821.pdf}, author = {Old{\v r}ich Sychra and Naz,Saima and Syed Anser Rizvi} } @article {41707, title = {Chewing lice (Insecta, Phthiraptera) of the burrowing parrot Cyanoliseus p. patagonus (Vieillot) from Argentina}, journal = {Rudolst{\"a}dter Naturhistorische Schriften, Supp.}, volume = {4}, year = {2002}, month = {2002}, pages = {99 - 112}, abstract = {

In the course of ongoing studies of Burrowing Parrots Cyanoliseus p. patagonus in a breeding colony at ElC\óndor, R\ío Negro, Argentina, we collected data on the prevalence of ectoparasitic chewing lice. Using a \"Fair Isle\" apparatus, we found only two species on chicks of he Burrowing Parrots, namely Heteromenopon macrurum (Eichler) (Amblycera, Menoponidae sensu lato) and Paragoniocotes meridionalis Guimar\ães (Ischnocera, Philopteridae sensu lato). For both species, we provide additional descriptions. Heteromenopon pilosum Cicchino \& Castro, 1976 is shown to be a more recent synonym of H. macrurum. All seven revised chicks of Burrowing Parrots (age 21 - 39) days were infested wth Heteromenopon macrurum (3-14) specimens per host), while only five of seven chicks ad Paragoniocotes meridionalis (2-5 specimens)

}, keywords = {mtax, PHP}, url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/4848.pdf}, author = {Eberhard Mey and Masello,Juan F. and Quillfeldt,Petra} } @article {41245, title = {Contribucion al estudio de los Malofagos Argentinos 1. Heteromenopon (Heteromenopon) subpilosus, n. sp., parasito de Cyanoliseus patagonus patagonus (Vieillot) (Insecta, Mallophaga)}, journal = {Neotropica}, volume = {23}, year = {1977}, month = {1977}, pages = {85 - 87}, abstract = {

PHP;

}, url = {https://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/4337.pdf}, author = {Armando Conrado Cicchino and Castro,Dolores del Carmen} } @article {41224, title = {Studies in Neotropical Mallophaga (XIII)--the Menoponidae of the Neotropical Psittacidae}, journal = {Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, S{\~a}o Paulo}, volume = {2}, year = {1954}, note = {b; 20040717}, month = {1954}, pages = {145 - 174}, keywords = {beni, mtax, PHP}, url = {https://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/4315.pdf}, author = {Melbourne Armstrong Carriker Jr.} } @article {40882, title = {Contribution a l{\textquoteright}etude des Ricinidae parasites des oiseaux de la famille des Psittacidae}, journal = {Bulletin de la Societe d{\textquoteright}Historie Naturelle,Toulouse}, volume = {24}, year = {1890}, month = {1890}, pages = {55 - 69}, keywords = {mtax, PHP}, url = {https://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/39269.pdf}, author = {Louis George Neumann} } @article {40585, title = {Studies in Neotropical Mallophaga (VIII). Ischnocera of the American Psittacidae. Part l. Genus Paragoniocotes}, journal = {Arthropoda}, volume = {1}, year = {1947}, note = {b; 20040717}, month = {1947}, pages = {89 - 108}, keywords = {beni, mtax, PHP}, url = {https://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/3396.pdf}, author = {Melbourne Armstrong Carriker Jr.} } @article {39913, title = {Feather mites, feather lice, and Thanatochresis}, journal = {Journal of Parasitology}, volume = {70}, year = {1984}, month = {1984}, pages = {807 - 812}, abstract = {Unrelated taxa of feather mites use exuviae of their own, or closely related species for molting within quills or on feather surfaces of diverse groups of birds. On the Orange-fronted Conure [Aratinga conicularis (L.)] and other parrot species, feather mites and mallophagan eggs coinhabit the same feather area, mites molt within the exuviae of other mites, within the mallophagan egg shells. Molting within exuviae and within egg shells are examples of thanatochresis (the use of dead parts of one ammal by living individuals of a second species, but not for food): this phenomenon may be common among feather mites and other Astigmata.}, keywords = {gut, mites}, url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/38146.pdf}, author = {P{\'e}rez,Tila M. and Atyeo,Warren T.} } @article {39508, title = {Contribuicao ao conhecimento dos Malofagos dos psitacidas brasileiros. I - Especies da familia Philopteridae (Ischnocera)}, journal = {Arquivos de Zoologia do Estado de S{\~a}o Paulo}, volume = {5}, year = {1947}, note = {a}, month = {1947}, pages = {243 - 309}, abstract = {

In this paper the A. deals with Mallophaga from brazliian Psittacidae. He discusses the generic characters and concludes that all the species belonging to the family Philopteridae must be included in the genus Paragoniocotes Cummings. The following new species are described and figured: Paragoniocotes rotundus sp. n., from Amazona farinosa farinosa; P. nanus sp. n., from Ara macao; P. castalimai, sp. n.,from Pionus maximilianisiy; P. limai sp. n.,from Pionopsitta pileata; P. intermedius sp. n., from Amazona xanthops; P. cumingsi, sp. n ,from Amazona aestiva aestiva ; P. grandis, sp. n., from Amazona rhodocorytha; P. pyrrhurae, sp. n.,from Pyrrhura frontalis chiripepe; P. aratingae, sp. n., from Aratiitga aurea aurea; P. anomalus, sp. n., from Psittacara acuticaudata haemorrhous, and P. nirmoides, sp. n., from Tirica chiriri.

}, keywords = {mtax, PHP}, url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/1057.pdf}, author = {Guimar{\~a}es,Lindolpho R.} } @article {39484, title = {The genus Eomenopon Harrison with descriptions of seven new species (Mallophaga: Menoponidae)}, journal = {Pacific Insects}, volume = {8}, year = {1966}, note = {b; In addition to the seven new species (see abstract) the following species are redescribed: Eomenopon spinimentum, type host Chalcopsittacus fuscatus = Pseudeos fuscata Eomenopon denticulatum, type host Ptilosclera versicolor = Psitteuteles versicolor and Trichoglossus haematod moluccanus Eomenopon semilunare, type host Cuculus orientalis error. Probably either Neopsittacus pullicauda or N. pullicauda}, month = {1966}, pages = {17 - 28}, abstract = {

Descriptions are given for the 3 recognized species of Eomenopon and for the following 7 new species (type-host in parentheses) : cardinalis (Chalcopsitta cardinalis), beeri (Domicella lory) , chlorocerci (Domicella chlorocercus) , wilsoni (Psittaculirostris salvadori edwardsii), sintillatae (Chalcopsitta sintillata) , clissoldi (Charmosyna papou) , and placentis (Charmosyna placentis) .A key is given to the species of the genus.

}, keywords = {mtax, PHP}, url = {https://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/1032.pdf}, author = {Roger D. Price} } @article {39490, title = {A new subgenus and new species of Franciscoloa Conci}, journal = {Pacific Insects}, volume = {9}, year = {1967}, note = {d}, month = {1967}, pages = {511 - 517}, abstract = {

The genus is divided into the subgenus Franciscoloa, which includes all 9 species previously recognized in the genus in addition to a new species , erythropteri from Aprosmictus erythropterus ,collected in New Guinea and the new subgenus Cacamenopon, which includes 2 new species, hodsoni and kimi, both from Kakatoe ducrops, collected in the Solomon Islands.

}, keywords = {mtax, PHP}, url = {https://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/1038.pdf}, author = {Roger D. Price} } @article {39486, title = {A review of the genus Franciscoloa Conci (Mallophaga: Menoponidae)}, journal = {Pacific Insects}, volume = {8}, year = {1966}, note = {b; In addition to the seven new species (see abstract) the following species are redescribed: Franciscoloa pallida, type host Plictolophus moluccensis = Kakatoe moluccensis Franciscoloa temporale, type host Macroglossus aterrimus = Probosciger aterrimus perhaps error. Possibly Alisterus amboinensis.}, month = {1966}, pages = {633 - 648}, abstract = {

The genus Franciscola is characterized and 9 species, 7 of which are new, are described and illustrated. The new species and their type-hosts are : aterrimi from Probosciger aterrimus, roseicapillae from Kakatoe roseicapilla, funerei from Calyptorhynchus funereus, leadbeateri from Kakatoe leadbeateri, thompsoni from Kakatoe haematupygia, fulgidi from Psittrichas fulgidus, and rorati from Lorius roratus. There is one new synonymy : F. pallida (Piaget) (= F. cacatuae Conci). A key is given to species of the genus.

}, keywords = {mtax, PHP}, url = {https://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/1034.pdf}, author = {Roger D. Price and James R. Beer} } @article {39485, title = {The genus Kelerimenopon Conci with the description of a new subgenus and six new species (Mallophaga: Menoponidae)}, journal = {Pacific Insects}, volume = {8}, year = {1966}, note = {a; In addition to the new species (see abstract) the following species are redescribed: Kelerimenopon (Kelerimenopon) thompsoni, type host Pitta sordida Kelerimenopon (Kelerimenopon) sanfilippoi, type host Pitta rufiventris Kelerimenopon (Kelerimenopon) ciliatum, type host Tetragallus cuveri = Talegalla cuvieri Kelerimenopon (Kelerimenopon) minus, type host Megapodius rubripies var. gilberti = M. nicobariensis and M. rubripes var. freycinetti = M. freycinet Kelerimenopon (Kelerimenopon) longipes, type host Eclectus puniceus = Lorius roratus}, month = {1966}, pages = {349 - 362}, abstract = {

Two subgenera are recognized - Kelerimenopon for 7 species of lice from hosts in the Passeriformes and Galliformes, and Lorimenopon, n. subgen., for 4 species of lice from the Psittaciformes.These subgenera and the included species are described and illustrated. The new species include K. (K) aepypodi and K. (K) clayae (both from Aepypodius arfakianus), K. (K.) fuscirostris (from Talegalla fuscirostris), K. (L.) galertae (from Kakatoe galerita), K. (L.) geoflroyi (from Geoffroyus geoffroyi), and K. (L.) psittaculae (from Psittacula alexandri fasciata). There is 1 new synonymy, K. (K.) minus (Piaget) (=Menopon griseum Piaget).A key is given to the subgenera and species.

}, keywords = {mtax, PHP}, url = {https://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/1033.pdf}, author = {Roger D. Price and Kary C. Emerson} } @article {39453, title = {A new species of Colpocephalum (Mallophaga: Menoponidae) from the kea}, journal = {Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society}, volume = {40}, year = {1967}, note = {a}, month = {1967}, pages = {9 - 12}, abstract = {

Colpocephalum pilgrimi is described as a new species, with the type host being a New Zealand psittaciform, the kea, Nestor notabilis.

}, keywords = {mtax, PHP}, url = {https://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/1001.pdf}, author = {Roger D. Price} } @article {39456, title = {The new genus Coramenopon for Menopon coracopsis Mj{\"o}berg (Mallophaga: Menoponidae)}, journal = {Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society}, volume = {41}, year = {1968}, note = {a}, month = {1968}, pages = {41 - 44}, abstract = {

Descriptions are given for both sexes of the psittaciform louse, Menopon coracopsis Mj\öberg, from Madagascar and the species is placed in the new genus Coramenopon.

Paper can also be obtain from https://www.jstor.org/stable/25083678

}, keywords = {mtax, PHP}, url = {https://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/1004.pdf}, author = {Roger D. Price} } @article {39455, title = {The genus Heterokodeia Carriker (Mallophaga: Menoponidae) from neotropical parrots}, journal = {Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society}, volume = {41}, year = {1968}, note = {a}, month = {Oct 1968}, pages = {516 - 528}, abstract = {

The three currently recognized species of the genus are redescribed and illustrated. Five new species are described from Brazilian parrots; these species and their type-hosts are aratingae from Aratinga aurea, auricapilli from Aratinga auri capillus, guimaraesi from Brotogeris tirica, maracanae from Ara maracana, and severae from Ara severa. A key is given to the species.

}, keywords = {mtax, PHP}, url = {https://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/1003.pdf}, author = {Roger D. Price} } @article {39386, title = {A new species of Eomenopon (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from the swift parrot, Lathamus discolor, of Tasmania}, journal = {Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society}, volume = {65}, year = {1992}, month = {1992}, pages = {275 - 278}, abstract = {

A new species of chewing louse, Eomenopon greeni, is described and illustrated from its type host, Lathamus discolor (White), from Tasmania.

}, keywords = {mtax, PHP}, url = {https://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/0830.pdf}, author = {Roger D. Price and Ricardo L. Palma} } @article {39354, title = {Three new species of Heteromenopon (Mallophaga: Menoponidae) from Brazilian and Australian Parrots}, journal = {Annals of the Entomological Society of America}, volume = {62}, year = {1969}, note = {c}, month = {1969}, pages = {563 - 566}, abstract = {

Descriptions are given for 2 new species of the subgenus Heteromenopon from Brazilian parrots and 1 new species of the subgenus Keamenopon from an Australian parrot. These species and their type-hosts are : H. (H.) passerini from Forpus passerinus, H. (H.) anodorhynchi from Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus, and H. (K.) kalamundae from Purpureicephalus spurius.

}, keywords = {mtax, PHP}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/62.3.563}, url = {https://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/0793.pdf}, author = {Roger D. Price} } @article {39355, title = {Three new species of Psittacobrosus from Brazilian Parrots}, journal = {Annals of the Entomological Society of America}, volume = {62}, year = {1969}, note = {b}, month = {1969}, pages = {393 - 396}, abstract = {

Three new species of Psittacobrosus (MAllophaga: Menoponidae) are described and illustrated. They and their type hosts are: nandayi from Nandayus nenday, versicoluri from Brotogeris versicolurus, and dalgleishi from Brotogeris tirica.

}, keywords = {mtax, PHP}, url = {https://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/0794.pdf}, author = {Roger D. Price} } @article {39352, title = {The genus Psittacobrosus (Mallophaga: Menoponidae) of the Neotropical Psittaciformes}, journal = {Annals of the Entomological Society of America}, volume = {61}, year = {1968}, month = {1968}, pages = {261 - 276}, abstract = {

Descriptions and keys are given for the known species. The 11 new species and their type-hosts are : hyacinthini from Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus , rubrogenyisi from Ara rubrogenys , mitratae from Aratinga mitrata , farinosae from Amazona farinosa, chloropterae from Ara chloroptera. carriker i from Ara militaris. brotogerisi from Brotogeris jugularis , pyrrhureae from Pyrrhura picta, molinae from Pyrrhura molinae, patagoini from Cyanolisesus patagonus , and aratingae from Auatinga aurea. There are 2 new synonymies : P. genitalis Carriker (= Psittacobrosus nobilis Carriker) and P. forpi Carriker (= Colpocephalum burhinoides Carriker).

}, keywords = {beni, mtax, PHP}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/61.2.261}, url = {https://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/0791.pdf}, author = {Roger D. Price and James R. Beer} } @article {39350, title = {The genus Heteromenopon (Mallophaga: Menoponidae), with description of a new subgenus and six new species}, journal = {Annals of the Entomological Society of America}, volume = {60}, year = {1967}, month = {1967}, pages = {328 - 338}, abstract = {

The genus Heteromenopon Carriker is divided into 2 subgenera, Heteromenopon with 10 species from Neotropical parrots,and KEAMENOPON, new subgenus, with 2 species from Australian and New Zealand parrots. New species and their type-hosts are: H. (H.) militaris from Ara militaris, H. (H.) jugularis from Brotogeris jugularis, H. (H .) viridicatae from Pyrrhura viridicata, H. (H.) pictae from Pyrrhura picta subandina, H. (H.) aurifrons from Psilopsiagon aurifrons, and H. (H.) pionopsittae from Pionopsitta haematotis pulchra. Heteromenopon (H.) macrurum (Eichler), H. (K.) kea (Kellogg), and H. (K.) psittacum (Le Sou\ëf and Bullen) represent new combinations. Descriptions and a key are (given for the known species.

}, keywords = {mtax, PHP}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/60.2.328}, url = {https://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/0789.pdf}, author = {Roger D. Price and James R. Beer} } @article {39349, title = {The genus Psittacomenopon (Mallophaga: Menoponidae) of the Psittaciformes}, journal = {Annals of the Entomological Society of America}, volume = {59}, year = {1966}, note = {a}, month = {1966}, pages = {950 - 955}, abstract = {

Descriptions and a key are given for the known species. Psittacomenopon gulielmi (type-host : Poicephalus gulielnii massaicus ) is described as new .New synonymies include Psittacomenopon heterocephalum ( Nitzsch) (= Menopon acuticeps Piaget ) and P. impar (Piaget ) (= Colpocephalum pachypus Piaget , Menopon impar var. poicephalus Bedford, and P. africapon Eichler).

}, keywords = {mtax, PHP}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/59.5.950}, url = {https://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/0788.pdf}, author = {Roger D. Price and James R. Beer} } @article {39309, title = {A review of the genus Psittaconirmus (Mallophaga, Philopteridae) from south pacific parrots (Psittaciformes)}, journal = {International Journal of Entomology}, volume = {25}, year = {1983}, note = {In addition to the new species described in the abstract the genus is characterised and the 5 previously described species are redescribed. These are as follows: Psittaconirmus australis, type host Glossopsitta porphyrocephala Psittaconirmus launceloti, type host Trinchoglossus haematodus moluccanus Psittaconirmus harrisoni, type host Trinchoglossus rubiginosus Psittaconirmus neumanni, type host Lorius lory salvadorii (possible error - perhaps Chalcopsitta sintillata) Psittaconirmus comis, type host Trinchoglossus versicolor}, month = {1983}, pages = {56 - 70}, abstract = {

Eleven species of Psitaconirmusare recognised, 5 having been previously described and 6 representing the following new species: johnstoniae (type-host Trichoglossus johnstoniae), hellenthali (type-host Psittaculirostris edwardsii), zinki (type-host Neopsittacus musschenbroekii), charmosynae (type-host Charmosyna papou), chlorocerci (type-host Lorius chlorocercus), and cardinalis (type-host Chalcopsitta cardinalis). P. neumanni concii is placed as a junior synonmy of P. launceloti. A key is provided for the identification of these species.

}, keywords = {mtax, PHP}, url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/0744.pdf}, author = {Roger D. Price and Clayton,Dale H.} } @article {39249, title = {Studies in Neotropical Mallophaga. No. VIII. "Ischnocera" of the American "Psittacidae", Part 2. Genus "Paragoniocotes" Cummings}, journal = {Revista Brasileira de Biologia}, volume = {10}, year = {1950}, note = {a; Carriker considers Guimar{\~a}es and his own paper on the genus Paragoniocotes. In particular he provides a classification of the genus based on his opinion that the genus should of been divided into 3 seperate genera and compares his groups to those of Guimar{\~a}es. Carriker then briefly redescribes the genus and many new and previously described species. These are listed below: Paragoniocotes tritergum tritergum n. sp., host Amazona aestiva (Linn{\'e}) Paragoniocotes tritergum bolivianum n. ssp., host Amazona aestiva xanthopteryx (Berlepsch) Paragoniocotes quadritergum quadritergum n. sp., host Amazona autumnalis autumnalis (Linn{\'e}) Paragoniocotes quaditergum tibialis n. ssp., host Amazona farinosa farinosa (Boddaert) Paragoniocotes quadritergum latacephalum n. ssp., host Amazona farinosa inornata (Salvadori) Paragoniocotes quadritergum mercenaria n. ssp., host Amarona mercenaria canipalliata (Cabanis) Paragoniocotes quadritergum parvifrons n. ssp., host Amazona ochrocephala panamensis (Cabanis) Paragoniocotes tritergum tucumanae n. ssp., host Amarona pretreitucumana (Cabanis) Paragoniocotes abnormis (Kellogg), host Ara chloroptera (G. R. Gray) Paragoniocotes militaris n. sp., host Ara militaris militaris (Linn{\'e}) Paragoniocotcs rauli n. sp., host Ara rubrogenys Lafresnaye Paragoniocotes venezolanus thectocercus n . ssp., host Aratinga acuticauda neoxena (Cory) Paragoniocotes venerolanus Stafford, host Aratinga pertinax aeruginosa (Linn{\'e}) Paragoniocotes guajirensis n. sp., host Brotogerys jugularis jugularis (P. L. S. M{\"u}ller) Paragoniocotes neivai illustris n. ssp., host Forpus conspicillatus conspiciillatus (La f resnaye) Paragoniocotes molinae n. sp., host Pyrrhura molinae molinae (Massena \& Souanc{\'e}) Paragoniocotes nevadensis n. sp., host Pyrrhura viridicata Todd.; 20040717}, month = {1950}, pages = {1 - 21}, keywords = {beni, mtax, PHP}, url = {https://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/39249.pdf}, author = {Melbourne Armstrong Carriker Jr.} } @article {39205, title = {A list of the type hosts of the Mallophaga and the lice described from them}, journal = {Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 12)}, volume = {3}, year = {1950}, note = {a; Lice from type hosts in the following orders and families are given: Columbiformes, Pteroclididae, Columbidae; Psittaciformes, Psittacidae.}, month = {1950}, pages = {269 - 287}, url = {https://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/0619.pdf}, author = {Thompson,Gordon B.} } @article {39141, title = {Systematic notes on the Piaget collections of Mallophaga. - Part II}, journal = {Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 12)}, volume = {4}, year = {1951}, note = {Colpocephalum A - G are discussed at varying lenghts: Colpocephalum abdominale, type host Grus leucachen = Grus vipio Colpocephalum aculeatus, type host Columba iriditorques Colpocephalum affine, type host Totanus maculatus = Tringa erythropus Colpocephalum albidum, type host Phaps chalcoptera Colpocephalum angulaticeps, type host Fregata (Atagen) minor = Fregata minor Colpocephalum assimile, type host Grus americana Colpocephalum atrofasciatum, type host Grus communis = Grus g. gruis \& Grus pavonina = Balearica pavonina Colpocephalum bicolor, type host Strepsilas interpres = Arenaria interpres Colpocephalum biserratum, type host Gracula javanensis = Gracula r. religiosa Colpocephalum castaneum, type host Cygnus atratus = Chenopis atratra Colpocephalum caudatum, type host Vultur indicus = Gyps indicus Colpocephalum ciliatum, type host Tetraogallus cuvieri = Talegalla cuvieri Colpocephalum crassiceps, type host Psittacus [ erithacus] timneh Colpocephalum crassipes, type host Sterna poliocerca = Thalasseus bergii Colpocephalum dissimile, type host Milvus [migrans] aeguptius Colpocephalum elipticum, type host Corvus e. enca Colpocephalum elongatum, type host Pyrrhacorax alpinus = Pyrrhocorax g. graculus Colpocephalum eurygaster, type host Leptoptilus argala ERROR Colpocephalum femoratum, type host Mycteria americana Colpocephalum flavescens, type host "Aigle"= Haliaeetus albicilla Colpocephalum fuscipes, type host Larus dominicus Colpocephalum fusconigrum, type host Ibis ibis = Guara alba Colpocephalum gracile, type host Platalea leucorodia ERROR Colpocephalum grandiceps, type host Haematopus ostralegus}, month = {1951}, pages = {173 - 182}, keywords = {mtax, PHP}, url = {https://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/0550.pdf}, author = {Theresa Clay} } @article {39142, title = {Systematic notes on the Piaget collections of Mallophaga. - Part IV}, journal = {Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 12)}, volume = {6}, year = {1953}, note = {b; Colpocephalum I - Z are discussed at varying lenghts: Colpocephalum importunum, type host Ardea c. cinerea Colpocephalum incisum, type host Phaeton flavirostris, present status: Actornithophilus incisus Colpocephalum intermedium, nomen novum for C. tricinctum Colpocephalum latifasciatum, type host Rhynchops flavirostris present status: C. latifasciatum Colpocephalum leptopygus, type host Ibis sacra = Plegadis f. falcinellus Colpocephalum longicaudum, type host Columba tigrina = Streptopelia chinensis tigrina , present status: C. turbinatum Colpocephalum longipes, type host Eclectus puniceus = Lorius roratus, present status: Kelerimenopon longipes Colpocephalum longipes, type host Chunga burmeisteri, present status: C. caudatum Colpocephalum maculatus, type host Polyborus (Caracara) brasiliensis = Polyborus plancus brasiliensis, present status: C. polybori Colpocephalum majus (Piaget, 1880), type host Ardea garcetta = Egretta garzetta, present status: Ciconiphilus boisduvali Colpocephalum majus(Piaget, 1885), type host Haliaetus leucogaster Colpocephalum maurum, type host Sterna fissipes = Chlidonias n. nigra \& Larus tridactylus = Rissa t. tridactyla, present status: Actornithophilus maurus Colpocephalum minus (Piaget, 1880), type host Megapodius rubriceps var. Gilberti = M. nicobariensis gilberti \& Freycinetti = Megapodius freycinet , present status: Kelerimenopon minus Colpocephalum minus (Piaget, 1885), type host Ardea russata = Bubulcus ibis, present status: Ciconiphilus minor Colpocephalum nanum, type host Larus canus, present status: C. nanum Colpocephalum notatum, type host Dicholophus cristatus = Cariama cristata, present status: C. notatum Colpocephalum obscurum, type host Ardea egretta = Casmerodius albus egretta Colpocephalum occipitale, type host Anastomus coromandelicus = Anastomus oscitans Colpocephalum ochraceum, type host Pluvialis apricaris oreophilos Colpocephalum pachygaster, type host Pandion h. haliaetus, present status: Kurodaia haliaeti Colpocephalum pachypus, type host Prionites brasiliensis = Momotus momota, present status: Psittacomenopon pachypus Colpocephalum pallidum, type host Plictolophus moluccensis = Kakatoe moluccensis, present status: Psittacomenopon pallidum Colpocephalum parumpilosum, type host Lophophorus resplendens (impeyanus) = Lophophorus impeyanus, present status: Colpocephalum parumpilosum Colpocephalum parviceps, type host Lamprotornis aenea = Lamprotornis caudatus, present status: Menacanthus parviceps Colpocephalum patellatum, type host Neumenius a. arquata, present status: Actornithophilus patellatus Colpocephalum penicillatum, type host Ibis cristata = Lophotibis cristata present status: Colpocephalum penicillatum Colpocephalum pilosum, type host Chuna chavaria = Chuna torquata, present status: Dicteisia tristis Colpocephalum pungens, type host Calorais panayensis = Aplonis panayensis, present status: Myrsidea pungens Colpocephalum pustulatum, type host Machetes pugnax = Philomachus pugnax, present status: Actornithophilus pustulosus Colpocephalum quadripustulatum, type host Ciconia alba = Ciconia c. ciconia Colpocephalum semicinctum, type host Corvus scapulatus = Corvus albus present status: Colpocephalum semicinctum Colpocephalum setosum (Piaget, 1980, p. 519), type host Helotarsus (Circataetus) ecaudatus = Terathopius ecaudatus present status: Colpocephalum setosum Colpocephalum setosum (Piaget, 1980, p. 521), type host Cathartes (Sarcorhamphus) gryphus = Vultur gryphus present status: Colpocephalum trichosum Colpocephalum setosum (Piaget, 1985, p. 126), type host Crax carunculata ERROR present status: Heleonomus harrisoni Colpocephalum spinosum,type host Francolinus capensis, present status: Clayia spinosa Colpocephalum spinulosum,type host Limosa melanura = L. l. limosa, present status: Actornithophilus spinulosus Colpocephalum subflavescens,type host Xenorhynchus senegalensis = Ephippiorhynchus senegalensis, present status: Colpocephalum subflavescens Colpocephalum subpachygaster,type hosts Strix noctura = Athene noctura, S. flammea = Tyto alba, and S. passerina = Athene noctura, present status: Kurodaia subpachygaster Colpocephalum subpenicillatum,type host Ibis hagedasch = Hagedashia hagedash, present status: Colpocephalum subpenicillatum Colpocephalum sulcatum,type host Sterna nigra = Chilidonias nigra, present status: Actornithophilus maurus Colpocephalum temporale,type host Macroglossus aterrimus = Probosciger aterrimus, present status: Psittacomenopon temporale Colpocephalum tibiale,type host Tantalus senegalensis = Ephippiorhynchus senegalensis, present status: Colpocephalum tibiale Colpocephalum trincinctum,type host Milvus ater= Milvus migrans migrans, present status: Colpocephalum trinctum Colpocephalum trimaculatum,type hosts Platycercus palliceps = Platycercus adscitus palliceps, P. barrabandi = Polytelis swainsonii, present status: Colpocephalum trimaculatum Colpocephalum trispinum,type host Theristicus caudatus, present status: Colpocephalum trispinum Colpocephalum trochioxum,type host Ardea stellaris = Botaurus s. stellaris, present status: Ardeiphilus trochioxus Colpocephalum truncatum,type host Grus cinerea (communis) = Grus g. grus, present status: Heleonomus macilentus Colpocephalum umbrinum,type host Tringa subarquata = Erolia testacea,present status: Actornithophilus umbrosus Colpocephalum unicolor,type host Carpophaga samoensis = Ducula pacifica microcera,present status: generically unidentifiable. Should be ignored Colpocephalum uniseriatum,type host Recurvirostra avocetta,present status: Actornithophilus uniseriatus Colpocephalum zebra,type host Ciconia alba = Ciconia c. ciconia,present status: Colpocephalum zebra}, month = {1953}, pages = {641 - 657}, url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/0551.pdf}, author = {Theresa Clay} } @article {39132, title = {A new genus and species of parrot louse from South Africa}, journal = {Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 12)}, volume = {10}, year = {1957}, note = {a; Carriker described the new amblyceran genus Mim{\'e}mam{\'e}nopon with Mim{\'e}mam{\'e}nopon zumpti from Poicephalus cryptoxanthus. Carriker notes that it is similar in general appearence to Heteromenopon and Franciscoloa, but differes decidedly from both in its chaetotaxy and in the presence of a pair of curving spines on the sternal face of the head.; 20040717}, month = {1957}, pages = {733 - 736}, keywords = {mtax, PHP}, url = {https://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/0539.pdf}, author = {Melbourne Armstrong Carriker Jr.} } @article {39110, title = {A new genus and two new species of parrot Mallophaga (Phthiraptera) from New Guinea}, journal = {Pap{\'e}is Avulsos de Zoologia, S{\~a}o Paulo}, volume = {24}, year = {1971}, month = {1971}, pages = {213 - 219}, abstract = {

A new genus, Theresiella, gen. n., and two new species, hitchcocki, sp. n., and gemina, sp. n., are described from Psittacella brehmii (Psittacidae), of New Guinea. This is the first paper in an intended series on the Philopterid Mallophaga found on Psittaciformes. The present paper deals with materials belonging to the CSIRO, Canberra, Australia, sent to me by Dr. Theresa Clay (British Museum, Natural History), whom I thank for the loan. The specimens were collected from parrots of the genus Psittacella. According to Peters (1937, checklist of birds of the world, vol. 3) the genus occurs only in New Guinea and has three species.: brehmii, picta and modesta, each one with several subspecies distributed over the entire island.

}, keywords = {mtax, n.gen., n.sp., PHP}, url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/37237.pdf}, author = {Guimar{\~a}es,Lindolpho R.} } @article {38729, title = {Three new species and two new subgenera of Psittaconirmus (Mallophaga: Philopteridae) from New Guinea parrots (Psittaciformes)}, journal = {International Journal of Entomology}, volume = {26}, year = {1984}, month = {1984}, pages = {241 - 248}, abstract = {

Three new species of Psittaconirmus are described: opopsittae (type-host Opopsitta diophthalma) in the nominate subgenus Psittaconirmus; micropsittae (type-host Micropsitta bruijnii) in the new subgenus Parapsittaconirmus; and kulmani (type-host Charmosyna papou) in the new subgenus Xenopsittaconirmus. Host-parasite relationships are discussed.

}, keywords = {mtax, PHP}, url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/0014.pdf}, author = {Roger D. Price and Clayton,Dale H.} }