@article {46081,
	title = {Secular trends in the epidemiology of pediculosis capitis and pubis among Israeli soldiers: a 27-year follow-up},
	journal = {International journal of dermatology},
	volume = {40},
	year = {2001},
	note = {LR: 20041117; JID: 0243704; ppublish},
	month = {2001},
	pages = {637 - 639},
	address = {United States},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Pediculosis capitis and pubis are not mandatorily reported diseases in most countries. Thus, the reported rates of these diseases in large populations are usually inaccurate and based on estimations. OBJECTIVE: To describe the global epidemiology of pediculosis capitis and pubis in the Israeli Defense Force. METHODS: We analyzed the data obtained from the routine and mandatory reporting of every individual case of pediculosis capitis and pubis to the Army Health Branch Epidemiology Department since 1972 and 1973, respectively. RESULTS: During this period, epidemics of pediculosis capitis and pubis were observed between 1973 and 1985 and 1972 and 1987, with 17.7- and 3.9-fold increases in incidence, respectively. These two epidemics were followed by a sharp decline in morbidity (113.6- and 13.6-fold between 1981 and 1999 and 1984 and 1999, respectively) to the present. CONCLUSIONS: A number of factors could be responsible for the observed decline in morbidity, e.g. socioeconomic, pharmacologic, environmental, or prevention policy modifications. The rates of pediculosis capitis and pubis have continuously declined since the last epidemic of 1972-1987, indicating the influence of these and possibly other factors.},
	keywords = {adolescent, adult, animals, groin, humans, incidence, Israel/epidemiology, Lice Infestations/epidemiology, Middle Aged, Military Personnel, Pediculus, Pthirus, scalp dermatoses},
	isbn = {0011-9059},
	author = {Mimouni,D. and Grotto,I. and Haviv,J. and Gdalevich,M. and Huerta,M. and Shpilberg,O.}
}
@article {46044,
	title = {Seasonality trends of Pediculosis capitis and Phthirus pubis in a young adult population: follow-up of 20 years},
	journal = {Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology},
	volume = {16},
	year = {2002},
	note = {LR: 20041117; JID: 9216037; ppublish},
	month = {2002},
	pages = {257 - 259},
	address = {Netherlands},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: It is not mandatory to report Pediculosis capitis and Phthirus pubis in most countries; therefore, little is known about the seasonality of these infestations. METHODS: We analysed the data based on routine and mandatory reporting of every case of Pediculosis capitis and Phthirus pubis to the Army Health Branch Epidemiology Department, Israel, over the last two decades. RESULTS: The average 20-year incidence of Pediculosis capitis shows a significant rise during the warmer months (R2 = 0.692, P < 0.05) with a parallel significant decrease in the cooler months (R2 = 0.893, P < 0.05). The results for Phthirus pubis show a significantly higher person-time incidence in the winter (P < 0.001). Sensitivity analysis to investigate possible sources of heterogeneity during this time indicated that no single year was an important source of heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS: Pediculosis capitis is more frequent in the warmer months, whereas Phthirus pubis is more dominant in the cooler months.},
	keywords = {adult, animals, Follow-Up Studies, groin, humans, incidence, Israel/epidemiology, Lice Infestations/epidemiology, Linear Models, Middle Aged, Military Personnel, Pediculus, populations, Pthirus, scalp dermatoses, Seasons},
	isbn = {0926-9959},
	author = {Mimouni,D. and Ankol,O. E. and Gdalevich,M. and Grotto,I. and Davidovitch,N. and Zangvil,E.}
}
@article {45903,
	title = {Exclusion of ill children from child-care centers in Israel},
	journal = {Patient Education and Counseling},
	volume = {56},
	year = {2005},
	note = {JID: 8406280; 2003/06/15 [received]; 2003/12/14 [revised]; 2003/12/28 [accepted]; ppublish},
	month = {2005},
	pages = {93 - 97},
	address = {Ireland},
	abstract = {The aim of the study was to examine criteria for ill children in child-care centers. A questionnaire on practices of exclusion/return of children according to specific signs and symptoms was mailed to the directors of care centers in central Israel. Thirty-six of the 60 questionnaires (60\%) were returned by mail and the reminded were completed in personal visits to the CCCs achieving a response rate of 100\%. About half (51.7\%) used "common sense" and "personal feelings" to exclude children and to allow their return, and 29 (48.3\%) used the guidelines of the Ministries of Education and Health or other authorities. The percentage of centers excluding children by signs/symptoms was as follows: high fever (>38 degrees C), 100\%; low-grade fever, 76.7\%; asthma exacerbation, 80.0\%; heavy cough, 75.0\%; eye discharge or conjunctivitis, 83.3\%; diarrhea and vomiting more than twice per day, 100\%; rash, 72.3\%; otalgia, 46.7\%; and infected skin lesion, 66.7\%. Only four centers excluded children with head lice. Most centers required a physician{\textquoteright}s note on return of a child after high fever (76.7\%), eye discharge or conjunctivitis (48.3\%), and from 75 to 80\%, respectively, for frequent vomiting and bloody or mucinous diarrhea. The results show that exclusion practices among child-care centers (CCCs) vary widely, suggesting the need for the establishment of a uniform exclusion and return policy in Israel, with distribution of clear, up-to-date guidelines on the prevention and control of communicable diseases to all day-care centers. In a simple way, this study identified attitudes concerning the exclusion/return of sick children in CCCs and was useful for the discussion of the related policy with CCCs responsible and national health and educational authorities.},
	keywords = {Absenteeism, Administrative Personnel/psychology, adult, animals, Attitude of Health Personnel, child, Child, Preschool, Communicable Disease, consensus, Fever/prevention \& control, Guideline Adherence, humans, Israel/epidemiology, Lice Infestations/prevention \& control, Morbidity, Organizational Policy, Pediculus, Questionnaires, scalp dermatoses, vomit},
	isbn = {0738-3991},
	author = {Kahan,E. and Gross,S. and Cohen,H. A.}
}
