02286nas a2200265   4500008004100000245009000041210006900131260000900200300001200209490000700221520154100228653001901769653000901788653001701797653001701814653001301831653001501844653001001859653000901869100002001878700001601898700001801914700001601932856007201948       2003                        eng d00aEctoparasite ticks and chewing lice of red-legged partridge, Alectoris rufa, in Spain0 aEctoparasite ticks and chewing lice of redlegged partridge Alect  c2003  a33 - 370 v173 a<p>During the 1992-1993 and 1993-1994 shooting seasons, 212 wild red-legged partridge, Alectoris rufa (Galliformes: Phaisanide) were captured in 18 Spanish provinces and examined for chewing lice and ticks. Three tick species and six species of chewing lice were found. Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) Haemaphysalis punctata Canestrini &amp; Fanzago, Hyalomma lusitanicum Koch and Ixodes frontalis Panzer were found at the lowest prevalence (1.4% overall tick prevalence). The louse (Mallophaga) species, Goniodes dispar Burmeister (Goniodidae) (52.8%) and Cuclotogaster obscurior Hopkins (Philopteridae) (28.8%) were the most prevalent, while Goniocotes obscurus Giebel (Philopteridae) (10.8%), Menopon pallens Clay (Menoponidae) (7.5%) and Menacanthus lyali Rodriguez et al. (Menoponidae) (3.3%) were found at medium to low prevalence. Columbicola columbae columbae Linnaeus (Philopteridae) was found at the lowest prevalence (0.5%). The intensity of C. obscurior and overall intensity of all lice species were directly related to the environmental mean temperature and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), whereas intensity of G. dispar was directly related to NDVI only. The intensity of G. dispar, C. obscurior, all louse intensity, and louse species richness were higher in male than female birds. Intensity of each louse species, all louse intensity and louse species richness were inversely associated with the nutritional index. No relationship was observed between bird age and louse intensity or species richness.</p>
10aAlectoris rufa10abird10aChewing lice10aectoparasite10aixodidae10aMallophaga10aSpain10aTick1 aCalvete, Carlos1 aEstrada, R.1 aLucientes, J.1 aEstrada, A.  uhttp://www.phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/4752.pdf