02946nas a2200385 4500008004100000022001400041245009600055210006900151260001600220300000900236490000600245520179600251653001402047653001902061653002802080653001302108653001302121100002602134700002202160700002302182700002102205700001702226700002102243700002002264700002302284700002302307700002302330700002702353700002402380700002302404700002002427700002402447700002502471856006402496 2023 eng d a2399-342100aBuilding a community-based taxonomic resource for digitization of parasites and their hosts0 aBuilding a communitybased taxonomic resource for digitization of cNov-01-2023 a9 pp0 v73 a

Classification of the biological diversity on Earth is foundational to all areas of research within the natural sciences. Reliable biological nomenclatural and taxonomic systems facilitate efficient access to information about organisms and their names over time. However, broadly sharing, accessing, delivering, and updating these resources remains a persistent problem. This barrier has been acknowledged by the biodiversity data sharing community, yet concrete efforts to standardize and continually update taxonomic names in a sustainable way remain limited. High diversity groups such as arthropods are especially challenging as available specimen data per number of species is substantially lower than vertebrate or plant groups. The Terrestrial Parasite Tracker Thematic Collections Network project developed a workflow for gathering expert-verified taxonomic names across all available sources, aligning those sources, and publishing a single resource that provides a model for future endeavors to standardize digital specimen identification data. The process involved gathering expert-verified nomenclature lists representing the full taxonomic scope of terrestrial arthropod parasites, documenting issues experienced, and finding potential solutions for reconciliation of taxonomic resources against large data publishers. Although discordance between our expert resources and the Global Biodiversity Information Facility are relatively low, the impact across all taxa affects thousands of names that correspond to hundreds of thousands of specimen records. Here, we demonstrate a mechanism for the delivery and continued maintenance of these taxonomic resources, while highlighting the current state of taxon name curation for biodiversity data sharing.

10aarthropod10aBioinformatics10abiological nomenclature10aparasite10ataxonomy1 aSullivan, Kathryn, A.1 aTucker, Erika, M.1 aDowdy, Nicolas, J.1 aAllen, Julie, M.1 aBarve, Vijay1 aBoone, James, H.1 aBush, Sarah, E.1 aEvenhuis, Neal, L.1 aHastriter, Michael1 aLight, Jessica, E.1 aMayfield-Meyer, Teresa1 aO'Connor, Barry, M.1 aPoelen, Jorrit, H.1 aRacz, Gabor, R.1 aSeltmann, Katja, C.1 aZaspel, Jennifer, M. uhttps://academic.oup.com/isd/article-abstract/7/6/1/743948302467nas a2200229 4500008004100000245010300041210006900144300001400213490000700227520173100234653001901965653001401984653002501998653001302023653002602036100002402062700002202086700002102108700002302129700002702152856005802179 2019 eng d00aLoss of genetic diversity, recovery and allele surfing in a colonizing parasite, Geomydoecus aurei0 aLoss of genetic diversity recovery and allele surfing in a colon a703 - 7200 v283 a

Understanding the genetic consequences of changes in species distributions has wide-ranging implications for predicting future outcomes of climate change, for pro- tecting threatened or endangered populations and for understanding the history that has led to current genetic patterns within species. Herein, we examine the genetic consequences of range expansion over a 25‐year period in a parasite (Geomydoecus aurei) that is in the process of expanding its geographic range via invasion of a novel host. By sampling the genetics of 1,935 G. aurei lice taken from 64 host individuals collected over this time period using 12 microsatellite markers, we test hypotheses concerning linear spatial expansion, genetic recovery time and allele surfing. We find evidence of decreasing allelic richness (AR) with increasing distance from the source population, supporting a linear, stepping stone model of spatial expansion that em- phasizes the effects of repeated bottleneck events during colonization. We provide evidence of post‐bottleneck genetic recovery, with average AR of infrapopulations increasing about 30% over the 225‐generation span of time observed directly in this study. Our estimates of recovery rate suggest, however, that recovery has plateaued and that this population may not reach genetic diversity levels of the source popula- tion without further immigration from the source population. Finally, we employ a grid-based sampling scheme in the region of ongoing population expansion and pro- vide empirical evidence for the power of allele surfing to impart genetic structure on a population, even under conditions of selective neutrality and in a place that lacks strong barriers to gene flow.

10aallele surfing10aDiversity10aexpanding population10aparasite10apopulation bottleneck1 aDemastes, James, W.1 aHafner, David, J.1 aHafner, Mark, S.1 aLight, Jessica, E.1 aSpradling, Theresa, A. uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/mec.1499702333nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245014500055210006900200300001400269490000700283520160700290653002701897653001601924653002301940653002001963653001301983653001401996100002302010700002102033856006102054 2008 eng d a1063-515700aCodivergence in Heteromyid Rodents (Rodentia: Heteromyidae) and Their Sucking Lice of the Genus Fahrenholzia (Phthiraptera: Anoplura)0 aCodivergence in Heteromyid Rodents Rodentia Heteromyidae and The a449 - 4650 v573 a

Abstract.—Although most studies of codivergence rely primarily on topological comparisons of host and parasite phyloge- nies, temporal assessments are necessary to determine if divergence events in host and parasite trees occurred contempora- neously. A combination of cophylogenetic analyses and comparisons of branch lengths are used in this study to understand the host-parasite association between heteromyid rodents (Rodentia: Heteromyidae) and their sucking lice of the genus Fahrenholzia (Phthiraptera: Anoplura). Cophylogenetic comparisons based on nucleotide substitutions in the mitochondrial COI gene reveal a significant, but not perfect, pattern of cophylogeny between heteromyids and their sucking lice. Regres- sion analyses show a significant functional relationship between the lengths of analogous branches in the host and parasite trees, indicating that divergence events in hosts and parasites were approximately contemporaneous. Thus, the topological similarity observed between heteromyids and their lice is the result of codivergence. These analyses also show that the COI gene in lice is evolving two to three times faster than the same gene in their hosts (similar to the results of studies of other lice and their vertebrate hosts) and that divergence events in lice occurred shortly after host divergence. We recommend that future studies of codivergence include temporal comparisons and, when possible, use the same molecular marker(s) in hosts and parasites to achieve the greatest insight into the history of the host-parasite relationship.

10aCophylogenetic methods10acophylogeny10acospeciation; host10amolecular rates10aparasite10asymbiosis1 aLight, Jessica, E.1 aHafner, Mark, S. uhttps://academic.oup.com/sysbio/article/57/3/449/1664610