01871nas a2200205 4500008004100000022002500041245015100066210006900217260001400286300001400300490000800314520116400322653002601486653001901512653001701531100002501548700001901573700002401592856004901616 2021 eng d a0024-4082, 1096-364200aComparative phylogeography between parasitic sucking lice and their host the Namaqua rock mouse, Micaelamys namaquensis (Rodentia: Muridae)0 aComparative phylogeography between parasitic sucking lice and th cJuly 2021 a1017-10280 v1923 a

To gain a deeper understanding of the mechanisms affecting parasite gene dispersal and subsequent evolution, we investigated mitochondrial and nuclear DNA phylogeographic structures of two ectoparasitic louse species, Polyplax praomydis and Hoplopleura patersoni, and compared this to their host Micaelamys namaquensis. Analyses of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequence data derived from 13 geographic populations resulted in the detection of distinct phylogenetic clades within the parasite and host species. Strong support for host–parasite co-divergence was found over larger geographic scales but failed to show complete co-divergence over fine geographic scales. This finding led to the partial rejection of the hypothesis that the evolution of species-specific permanent parasites will mirror the phylogeographic pattern of their host. JANE co-phylogenetic reconstructions support the notion that host switching best explains the discrepancies in geographic patterns. We conclude that host specificity and permanency on the host only plays a partial role in maintaining co-divergences between parasites and their hosts.

10ahost-parasite systems10aphylogeography10aSouth Africa1 aBothma, Johannes, C.1 aMatthee, Sonja1 aMatthee, Conrad, A. uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa12200519nas a2200121 4500008004100000245009900041210006900140260000900209300001400218490000800232100002400240856013300264 2002 eng d00aPhylogeny and higher classification of suborder Psocomorpha (Insecta: Psocodea: 'Psocoptera').0 aPhylogeny and higher classification of suborder Psocomorpha Inse c2002 a371 - 4000 v1361 aYoshizawa, Kazunori uhttps://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/content/phylogeny-and-higher-classification-suborder-psocomorpha-insecta-psocodea-psocoptera01999nas a2200217 4500008004100000245011700041210006900158260000900227300001400236490000800250520132600258653000901584653001501593653001501608653001501623653001001638653001601648100002101664700002301685856007301708 2004 eng d00aThe evolutionary radiation of modern birds (Neornithes): reconciling molecules, morphology and the fossil record0 aevolutionary radiation of modern birds Neornithes reconciling mo c2004 a153 - 1770 v1413 aThe pattern, timing and extent of the evolutionary radiation of anatomically modern birds (Neornithes) remains contentious:dramatically different timescales for this major event in vertebrate evolution have been recovered by the ‘clock-like’ modelling of molecular sequence data and from evidence extracted from the known fossil record. Because current synthesis would lead us to believe that fossil and nonfossil evidence conflict with regard to the neornithine timescale, especially at its base, it is high time that available data are reconciled to determine more exactly the evolutionary radiation of modern birds. In this review we highlight current understanding of the early fossil history of Neornithes in conjunction with available phylogenetic resolution for the major extant clades, as well as recent advancements in genetic methods that have constrained time estimates for major evolutionary divergences. Although the use of molecular approaches for timing the radiation of Neornithes is emphasized, the tenet of this review remains the fossil record of the major neornithine subdivisions and better-preserved taxa. Fossils allowing clear phylogenetic constraint of taxa are central to future work in the production of accurate molecular calibrations of the neornithine evolutionary timescale. 10aaves10acladistics10aCretaceous10adivergence10ahosts10asystematics1 aDyke, Gareth, J.1 aVan Tuinen, Marcel uhttp://www.phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/46271.pdf01783nas a2200157 4500008004100000245008900041210006900130260000900199300001400208490000800222520124900230100002401479700001701503700002301520856008201543 2006 eng d00aMolecular systematics of the suborder Trogiomorpha (Insecta: Psocodea: 'Psocoptera')0 aMolecular systematics of the suborder Trogiomorpha Insecta Psoco c2006 a287 - 2990 v1463 a

Phylogenetic relationships among extant families in the suborder Trogiomorpha (Insecta: Psocodea: 'Psocoptera') were inferred from partial sequences of the nuclear 18S rDNA and Histone 3 and mitochondrial 16S rDNA genes. Analyses of these data produced trees that largely supported the traditional classification; however, monophyly of the infraorder Psocathropetae (= Psyllipsocidae + Prionoglarididae) was not recovered. Instead, the family Psyllipsocidae was recovered as the sister taxon to the infraorder Atropetae (= Lepidopsocidae + Trogiidae + Psoquillidae), and the Prionoglarididae was recovered as sister to all other families in the suborder. Character states previously used to diagnose Psocathropetae are shown to be plesiomorphic. The sister group relationship between Psyllipsocidae and Atropetae was supported by two morphological apomorphies: the presence of a paraproctal anal spine and an anteriorly opened phallosome. Based on these sequence data and morphological observations, we propose a new classification scheme for the Trogiomorpha as follows: infraorder Prionoglaridetae (Prionoglarididae), infraorder Psyllipsocetae (Psyllipsocidae), infraorder Atropetae (Lepidopsocidae, Trogiidae, Psoquillidae).

1 aYoshizawa, Kazunori1 aLienhard, C.1 aJohnson, Kevin, P. uhttp://eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2115/43134/1/2006zjls-1.pdf02211nas a2200229 4500008004100000245014400041210006900185260000900254300001200263490000800275520142300283653001501706653001601721653001701737653000901754653001001763653001501773653001301788653001401801100002501815856014101840 2003 eng d00aA morphological phylogeny for four families of amblyceran lice (Phthiraptera: Amblycera: Menoponidae, Boopidae, Laemobothriidae, Ricinidae)0 amorphological phylogeny for four families of amblyceran lice Pht c2003 a39 - 820 v1383 a

The suborder Amblycera (Insecta: Phthiraptera) comprises seven recognized families of parasitic lice. Three of these families (the Menoponidae, Laemobothriidae and Ricinidae) are present on a wide range of avian hosts. The four remaining families are restricted to a small section of mammals (the Boopiidae are parasites of Australian and New Guinean marsupials, and the Gyropidae, Trimenoponidae and Abrocomophagidae parasitize South and Central American rodents). This study uses a morphological approach to examine the evolutionary relationships between the genera from four amblyceran families: the Menoponidae, Boopiidae, Laemobothriidae and Ricinidae. Genera are represented by exemplars and a total of 44 louse taxa and one outgroup taxon were included. A cladistic analysis of 147 unordered characters recovered six equally parsimonious trees. Bootstrap, jackknife and Bremer support analyses were undertaken to assess the level of support for each resolved node in the strict consensus topology. Strong support was found for deep branch relationships between the families and in some cases for supra-generic groupings within families. The clades present in the strict consensus tree are discussed with reference to supra-generic and interfamily relationships, character choice, morphological convergence and host distribution. This study is the first phylogeny presented solely for amblyceran genera.

10acladistics10acoevolution10acospeciation10ahost10alouse10amorphology10aparasite10aPhylogeny1 aMarshall, Isabel, K. uhttps://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/content/morphological-phylogeny-four-families-amblyceran-lice-phthiraptera-amblycera-menoponidae-boo02725nas a2200373 4500008004100000245008900041210006900130260000900199300001300208490000800221520174900229653000901978653001701987653001902004653001602023653001502039653001702054653001102071653000902082653001502091653000902106653000902115653001302124653001302137653000802150653001702158653001402175653001102189653001402200653001102214653001902225100002702244856008002271 2001 eng d00aAvian louse phylogeny (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera): a cladistic study based morphology0 aAvian louse phylogeny Phthiraptera Ischnocera a cladistic study  c2001 a81 - 1440 v1323 a

The louse suborder Ischnocera (Phthiraptera) contains 3,060 currently described species from over 150 genera. These lice are permanent obligatory ectoparasites of a diverse selection of birds and mammals with a worldwide distribution. They have historically played a major role in the development of our ideas on coevolution, and species hosted by mammals have been used extensively as model organism for the study of cospeciation. In contrast, avian taxa comprising 90% of ischnoceran species have been largely neglected due to a lack of data on their wider systematics. A comparative study of based on adult and instar morphology of avian lice yielded 138 characters from 56 species (51 genera), all of which are figured or discussed for the first time. A further five outgroup taxa were examined from the mammalian ischnoceran family Trichodectidae. Phylogenetic analyses of these data produced three most parsimonious cladograms, the strict consensus of which is highly resolved and broadly consistent with previous classifications. Morphological character variation is extensive, and nymphal character traits are essential to identify instances of convergent evolution in adult morphology. The role of ontogeny in the development of the major character complexes of the head and abdomen is discussed and its implications for further work on the phylogeny of avian Ischnocera is considered. Comparison with host taxonomy reveals a pattern that is broadly consistent with a hypothesis of cospeciation. However, host - parasite associations are complex and difficult to interpret due to the low sample size. The role of niche specialisation to explain the presence of multiple unrelated lineages on the same host taxon is considered.

10abird10aChewing lice10aclassification10acoevolution10acongruence10acospeciation10agopher10ahost10aIschnocera10alice10amtax10aontogeny10aparasite10aPHP10aPhthiraptera10aPhylogeny10apocket10aselection10asexual10atrichodectidae1 aSmith, Vincent, Stuart uhttps://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/39652.pdf00886nas a2200169 4500008004100000245008900041210006900130260000900199300001400208490000700222520035200229653000900581653000800590100001800598700002100616856007900637 1970 eng d00aA new genus and two new species of Menoponidae (Insecta: Mallophaga) from New Guinea0 anew genus and two new species of Menoponidae Insecta Mallophaga  c1970 a335 - 3430 v493 a

The new genus Cavifera is described to include two species, both new - C. abdita and C. senta. The hosts from these are from New Guinea and are believed to belong to the Columbiformes. The females are characterized by having a pair of abdominal tergal sense organs of a type unknown elsewhere in the Mallophaga or possibly in the insects.

10amtax10aPHP1 aClay, Theresa1 aPrice, Roger, D. uhttps://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/1017.pdf00779nas a2200169 4500008004100000245009800041210006900139260000900208300001400217490000700231520023000238653000900468653000800477100001900485700002600504856007900530 1970 eng d00aSpecies of Ardeicola (Insecta: Mallophaga) parasitic on birds of the family Threskiornithidae0 aSpecies of Ardeicola Insecta Mallophaga parasitic on birds of th c1970 a309 - 3340 v493 a

Four new and six known species of Ardicola (Philopteridae) from the Threskiornithidae are described. The new species being from Theristicus melanopis, Bostrychia carunculata, Pseudibib davisoni and Platibis flavipes.

10amtax10aPHP1 aHajela, K., P.1 aTandan, Bhup, Kishore uhttps://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/0408.pdf