02040nas a2200301 4500008004100000022001400041245011200055210006900167260001600236300000900252490000800261520110000269653001201369653001901381653001401400653002901414653002301443653001401466100002201480700002301502700001701525700002401542700002401566700001601590700003101606700002501637856007601662 2021 eng d a0378-111900aStructure, gene order, and nucleotide composition of mitochondrial genomes in parasitic lice from Amblycera0 aStructure gene order and nucleotide composition of mitochondrial cFeb-01-2021 a7 pp0 v7683 a

Parasitic lice have unique mitochondrial (mt) genomes characterized by rearranged gene orders, variable genome structures, and less AT content compared to most other insects. However, relatively little is known about the mt genomes of Amblycera, the suborder sister to all other parasitic lice. Comparing among nine different genera (including representative of all seven families), we show that Amblycera have variable and highly rearranged mt genomes. Some genera have fragmented genomes that vary considerably in length, whereas others have a single mt chromosome. Notably, these genomes are more AT-biased than most other lice. We also recover genus-level phylogenetic relationships among Amblycera that are consistent with those reported from large nuclear datasets, indicating that mt sequences are reliable for reconstructing evolutionary relationships in Amblycera. However, gene order data cannot reliably recover these same relationships. Overall, our results suggest that the mt genomes of lice, already know to be distinctive, are even more variable than previously thought.

10aAT-bias10aCrotophaga ani10aEvolution10aMyiothylpis luteoviridis10aOrganelle genomics10aPhylogeny1 aSweet, Andrew, D.1 aJohnson, Kevin, P.1 aCao, Yanghui1 ade_Moya, Robert, S.1 aSkinner, Rachel, K.1 aTan, Milton1 aVirrueta-Herrera, Stephany1 aCameron, Stephen, L. uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S037811192030981103004nas a2200493 4500008004100000022002500041245010500066210006900171260001600240300001200256490000700268520168100275653002101956653001301977653002101990653001002011653001602021653001502037653000902052653001702061653001702078653001402095653001502109653001002124653001002134653001502144653001202159653001102171653001002182653001302192653001602205653001602221653001202237653001902249100002102268700001802289700002002307700001602327700002202343700001802365700001802383700001702401856009202418 2021 eng d a0250-4758, 0973-970X00aA fatal intestinal twist (mesenteric volvulus) : a sequalae of multiple parasitic infection in a dog0 afatal intestinal twist mesenteric volvulus a sequalae of multipl cJan-01-2021 a225-2290 v453 a

The present report describes a case of mesenteric volvulus in a dog due to severe Toxocara canis infection along with co-infections of Chronic Demodicosis and Pediculosis by Heterodexus spiniger. A dog carcass with the history of sudden death and chronic skin disease was presented for necropsy. Carcass was scraggy with pale conjunctival mucus membrane. Grossly, skin revealed severe dermatitis characterized by alopecia, irregular thickening of skin, parasitic folliculitis with neutrophilic infiltrations. Numerous free moving lice were noticed over the entire body surface. On postmortem examination, abdominal cavity showed severe acute small intestinal torsion involving parts of jejunum and ileum on its mesenteric axis. Entrapped intestinal loops were markedly congested and haemorrhagic. Anterior part of small intestine was filled with partially digested food with huge package of Toxocara spp worms occluding the lumen. Strangulated intestinal wall was thick, oedematous and haemorrhagic. Histologically, stomach showed acute gastritis characterized by thickening of mucosa with infiltrations of erythrocytes and neutrophil in the submucosa. Intestinal wall was thick, oedematous and congested and revealed red infarction, severe submural haemorrhage and mucosal necrosis. Skin showed chronic demodicosis with parasitic mural folliculitis and furunculosis. Lice were identified as Heterodexus spiniger. Mesenteric volvulus due to severe Toxocara canis infection combinedly with pronounced chronic demodicosis and pediculosis was diagnosed. Besides mesenteric volvulus, this paper communicates the occurrence of Heterodexus spiniger in Uttar Pradesh, India.

10aabdominal cavity10aAlopecia10aanimal pathology10adeath10ademodicosis10adermatitis10adogs10aerythrocytes10afurunculosis10agastritis10ahemorrhage10aileum10aIndia10ainfarction10ajejunum10amucosa10amucus10anecropsy10aneutrophils10aPediculosis10astomach10aToxocara canis1 aBabu_Prasath, N.1 aSingh, K., P.1 aSahoo, Monalisa1 aKumar, Asok1 aMadhwal, Aashwina1 aDeka, Abhijit1 aYashica, K.A.1 aKumar, Pawan uhttps://www.indianjournals.com/ijor.aspx?target=ijor:ijvp&volume=45&issue=3&article=01200876nas a2200169 4500008004100000245001700041210001700058250000600075260002700081300001200108520040800120100002700528700002500555700003800580700002000618856006800638 2021 eng d00aPhthiraptera0 aPhthiraptera aI aNatalbCaule de Papiro a500-5633 a

The chapter cover most of the aspects of the life cycle, morphology, diversity, and collection methods of the louse species with medical interest. We also provide a list and a pictorial key of the common species found on animals with medical-veterinary interests. Unfortunately, at some point in the editorial process, the tables and scientific names got unformatted. The book is in Portuguese.

1 aKuabara, Kamila, M. D.1 aValim, Michel, Paiva1 ade Almeida_Andrade, Herbet, Tadeu1 aSerpa-Filho, A. uhttps://www.researchgate.net/publication/349900046_Phthiraptera03293nas a2200265 4500008004100000022001400041245012500055210006900180260001600249300001000265490000700275520246700282653001402749653002302763653002502786653002602811100001202837700001602849700001402865700002002879700001402899700001102913700001702924856008602941 2021 eng d a1756-330500aHighly rearranged mitochondrial genome in Falcolipeurus lice (Phthiraptera: Philopteridae) from endangered eagles0 aHighly rearranged mitochondrial genome in iFalcolipeurusi lice P cMay-20-2021 a11 pp0 v143 a

Background Fragmented mitochondrial (mt) genomes and extensive mt gene rearrangements have been frequently reported from parasitic lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera). However, relatively little is known about the mt genomes from the family Philopteridae, the most species-rich family within the suborder Ischnocera.

Methods Herein, we use next-generation sequencing to decode the mt genome of Falcolipeurus suturalis and compare it with the mt genome of F. quadripustulatus. Phylogenetic relationships within the family Philopteridae were inferred from the concatenated 13 protein-coding genes of the two Falcolipeurus lice and members of the family Philopteridae using Bayesian inference (BI) and maximum likelihood (ML) methods.

Results The complete mt genome of F. suturalis is a circular, double-stranded DNA molecule 16,659 bp in size that contains 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, and three non-coding regions. The gene order of the F. suturalis mt genome is rearranged relative to that of F. quadripustulatus, and is radically different from both other louse species and the putative ancestral insect. Phylogenetic analyses revealed clear genetic distinctiveness between F. suturalis and F. quadripustulatus (Bayesian posterior probabilities = 1.0 and bootstrapping frequencies = 100), and that the genus Falcolipeurus is sister to the genus Ibidoecus (Bayesian posterior probabilities = 1.0 and bootstrapping frequencies = 100).

Conclusions These datasets help to better understand gene rearrangements in lice and the phylogenetic position of Falcolipeurus and provide useful genetic markers for systematic studies of bird lice. 

10aBird lice10aGene rearrangement10aMitochondrial genome10aPhylogenetic analyses1 aNie, Yu1 aFu, Yi-Tian1 aZhang, Yu1 aDeng, Yuan-Ping1 aWang, Wei1 aTu, Ya1 aLiu, Guo-Hua uhttps://parasitesandvectors.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13071-021-04776-501354nas a2200169 4500008004100000022003800041245022700079210006900306300001200375490000700387520065100394653001001045653001501055100001701070700001901087856007801106 2021 eng d aonline 2300-6706, print 2299-063100aLight and scanning electron microscopy of an ischnoceran louse, Felicola rohani, and an amblyceran louse, Heterodoxus spiniger (Phthiraptera: Insecta) from the Indian grey mongoose, Herpestes edwardsii0 aLight and scanning electron microscopy of an ischnoceran louse i a151-1590 v673 a

The ischnoceran louse, Felicola rohani Werneck, 1956 is reported for the first time from India on the Indian grey mongoose – Herpestes edwardsii (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1818) and the amblyceran louse, Heterodoxus spiniger (Enderlein, 1909) is recorded for the first time from that host species. The lice were collected from freshly accidentally killed specimen of the host, preserved and kept at the Museum of Estuarine Biology Regional Centre, Zoological Survey of India, Gopalpur-on-sea, Ganjam Odisha. Detailed morphological descriptions of the lice, based on light and scanning electron microscopy, are presented in this paper

10aIndia10aNew record1 aAhmad, Aftab1 aGupta, Neelima uhttps://www.annals-parasitology.eu/go.live.php/PL-H240/2021-vol-67-2.html02277nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245009300055210006900148260001200217300001200229490000800241520158700249653001401836653001701850653001301867653000901880653001501889653001101904100002001915700002501935700001901960856005601979 2021 eng d a0932-011300aParasites of wombats (family Vombatidae), with a focus on ticks and tick-borne pathogens0 aParasites of wombats family Vombatidae with a focus on ticks and c01-2021 a395-4090 v1203 a

Ticks (Arachnida: Acari) are vectors for pathogens and the biggest threat to animal health. Many Australian ticks are associated with pathogens that impact humans, domestic animals and livestock. However, little is known about the presence or impact of tick-borne pathogens in native Australian wildlife. Wombats are particularly susceptible to the effects of the ectoparasite Sarcoptes scabiei which causes sarcoptic mange, the reason for which is unknown. Factors such as other ectoparasites and their associated pathogens may play a role. A critical understanding of the species of ectoparasites that parasitise wombats and their pathogens, and particularly ticks, is therefore warranted. This review describes the ectoparasites of wombats, pathogens known to be associated with those ectoparasites, and related literature gaps. Pathogens have been isolated in most tick species that typically feed on wombats; however, there are minimal molecular studies to determine the presence of pathogens in any other wombat ectoparasites. The development of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies allows us to explore entire microbial communities in ectoparasite samples, allowing fast and accurate identification of potential pathogens in many samples at once. These new techniques have highlighted the diversity and uniqueness of native ticks and their microbiomes, including pathogens of potential medical and veterinary importance. An increased understanding of all ectoparasites that parasitise wombats, and their associated pathogens, requires further investigation.

10aAustralia10aectoparasite10aPathogen10aTick10aTick-borne10aWombat1 aBeard, Danielle1 aStannard, Hayley, J.1 aOld, Julie, M. uhttp://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00436-020-07036-0