02602nas a2200265 4500008004100000022001400041245017400055210006900229260001600298300001000314490000700324520172100331653002602052653003402078100001402112700001602126700002502142700001902167700001602186700001302202700001202215700001502227700002402242856007002266 2014 eng d a0269-283X00aSecond-generation sequencing of entire mitochondrial coding-regions (∼15.4 kb) holds promise for study of the phylogeny and taxonomy of human body lice and head lice0 aSecondgeneration sequencing of entire mitochondrial codingregion cAug-01-2014 a40-500 v283 a
The Illumina Hiseq platform was used to sequence the entire mitochondrial coding-regions of 20 body lice, Pediculus humanus Linnaeus, and head lice, P. capitis De Geer (Phthiraptera: Pediculidae), from eight towns and cities in five countries: Ethiopia, France, China, Australia and the U.S.A. These data (∼310 kb) were used to see how much more informative entire mitochondrial coding-region sequences were than partial mitochondrial coding-region sequences, and thus to guide the design of future studies of the phylogeny, origin, evolution and taxonomy of body lice and head lice. Phylogenies were compared from entire coding-region sequences (∼15.4 kb), entire cox1 (∼1.5 kb), partial cox1 (∼700 bp) and partial cytb (∼600 bp) sequences. On the one hand, phylogenies from entire mitochondrial coding-region sequences (∼15.4 kb) were much more informative than phylogenies from entire cox1 sequences (∼1.5 kb) and partial gene sequences (∼600 to ∼700 bp). For example, 19 branches had > 95% bootstrap support in our maximum likelihood tree from the entire mitochondrial coding-regions (∼15.4 kb) whereas the tree from 700 bp cox1 had only two branches with bootstrap support > 95%. Yet, by contrast, partial cytb (∼600 bp) and partial cox1 (∼486 bp) sequences were sufficient to genotype lice to Clade A, B or C. The sequences of the mitochondrial genomes of the P. humanus, P. capitis and P. schaeffi Fahrenholz studied are in NCBI GenBank under the accession numbers KC660761-800, KC685631-6330, KC241882-97, EU219988-95, HM241895-8 and JX080388-407.
10aevolutionary genetics10amitochon- drial coding-region1 aXiong, H.1 aCampelo, D.1 aPollack, Richard, J.1 aRaoult, Didier1 aShao, Renfu1 aAlem, M.1 aAli, J.1 aBilcha, K.1 aBarker, Stephen, C. uhttps://resjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/mve.1207603274nas a2200325 4500008004100000022002500041245008200066210007500148260001600223300001200239490000700251520228700258653001402545653001202559653001102571100002502582700002502607700002002632700002402652700001902676700002802695700002702723700002602750700002202776700002102798700001902819700002602838700003202864856005202896 2022 eng d a0377-9777, 1308-252300aBaş biti enfestasyonlarının etkin kontrolü için uluslararası tavsiyeler0 aBaş biti enfestasyonlarının etkin kontrolü için uluslararası tav cJan-01-2022 a748-7610 v793 aBaş biti enfestasyonlarının etkin kontrolü için uluslararası tavsiyeler
Baş biti enfestasyonları, en gelişmiş olanlar da dâhil olmak üzere çoğu ülkede halk sağlığını ilgilendiren bir sorun olmaya devam etmektedir. Makalede sunulan tavsiyeler, bu parazitin prevalansını azaltmak amacıyla baş biti kontrolünde farklı otoritelerin, kurumların, endüstrinin ve kamunun rollerini ve etkilerini vurgulamayı ve bilgilendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Sağlık yetkililerini, bu tür enfestasyonların doğru şekilde tespit edilmesi; mevcut ve yeni pedikülositler, tıbbi cihazlar, repellentler, bit ve yumurta giderici ürünlerin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla daha etkili yöntemler izlemeye teşvik etmeyi umuyoruz. Pedikülositler ve tıbbi cihazlar, kullanım talimatlarında doğrulanabilir açıklamalara sahip olmalı ayrıca aktif bileşenlere ve formüle ürünlere karşı bitlerin direnç seviyelerinin mevcut durumunu belgelemek için periyodik olarak test edilmelidir. Bit yaygınlığının salgın düzeyine ulaştığı iddiaları ortaya atıldığında, gerçek yaygınlık düzeyinin kanıtlanması amacıyla çocuklar periyodik aralıklarla objektif olarak değerlendirilmelidir. Sağlık hizmeti sunanlar ve toplum geneli için düzenlenen sürekli eğitimlerle bitlerin biyolojisi, önlenmesi ve kontrolü konusundaki yanlış bilgilerin düzeltilmesi sağlanabilir. Ebeveynler, çocuklarını baş biti açısından düzenli olarak kontrol etmeli ve gerektiğinde tedavi etmelidir. Sağlık yetkilileri, vakaları ve yaygınlığı azaltmada bir araç olarak kullanılan ancak bilimsel gerekçesi olmadığı gibi çocukların sağlığı ve huzuruna da ters etki yapan “sirkeye geçit yok- no-nit politikası” tarzında çocukları okuldan uzaklaştırmaya dayalı politika ve uygulamaların ortadan kaldırılması için mücadele etmelidir.
The English version see https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/ijd.15096 Or https://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/node/95099
10aBaş biti10akontrol10atedavi1 aMumcuoglu, Kosta, Y.1 aPollack, Richard, J.1 aReed, David, L.1 aBarker, Stephen, C.1 aGordon, S., C.1 aToloza, Ariel, Ceferino1 aPicollo, María, Inés1 aTaylan-Ozkan, Aysegul1 aChosidow, Olivier1 aHabedank, Birgit1 aIbarra, Joanna1 aMeinking, Terri, Lynn1 aStichele, Robert, H. Vander uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.5505/turkhijyen.2022.7887203176nas a2200325 4500008004100000022001400041245008600055210006900141260001200210300001200222490000700234520216300241653002702404653002502431653001802456100002502474700002502499700002002524700002402544700001902568700002802587700002702615700002602642700002202668700002102690700001902711700002602730700003202756856006202788 2021 eng d a0011-905900aInternational recommendations for an effective control of head louse infestations0 aInternational recommendations for an effective control of head l c08-2020 a272-2800 v603 a
Head louse infestations continue to be a concern of public health in most countries, including the most developed ones. The present recommendations are intended to inform and stress the role and impact of the different authorities, institutions, industry, and the public in the control of head lice in order to reduce the prevalence of this parasite. We encourage health authorities to pursue more effective methods to correctly identify such infestations, and evaluate existing and new pediculicides, medical devices, louse repellents, and louse‐ and nit‐removal remedies. Pediculicides and medical devices must have verifiable claims in the instructions for use and should be tested periodically to document current levels of resistance by lice to the active ingredients and to the formulated products. Where the prevalence of lice is claimed to be epidemic, children should be periodically evaluated objectively to document the actual level of prevalence. Continuing education for health providers and the general population promises to correct misinformation regarding the biology, prevention, and management of lice. Parents should regularly inspect their children for head lice and treat as necessary. Health authorities are encouraged to eliminate policies and practices that rely upon school exclusion as a means to reduce incidence and prevalence, e.g., the ‘no‐nit’ policy which lacks scientific justification, and are counterproductive to the health and welfare of children.
Attachment 95099.pdf -online version published 2020
The published version in Turkish, see Mumcuoğlu KY, Pollack RJ, Reed D, Barker S, Gordon S, Toloza AC, Picollo MI, Taylan Özkan A, Chosidow O, Habedank B, Ibarra J, Meinking TL, Vander Stichele R. Baş biti enfestasyonlarının etkin kontrolü için uluslararası tavsiyeler Turk Hijyen ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi 2021; 79(4): 748–761. doi: 10.5505/TurkHijyen.2022.78872 https://www.turkhijyen.org/jvi.aspx?pdir=turkhijyen&plng=tur&un=THDBD-78872&look4= OR DOI: 10.5505/TurkHijyen.2022.78872 OR https://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/node/96144
10ahead louse infestation10ahead louse treatment10aPediculicides1 aMumcuoglu, Kosta, Y.1 aPollack, Richard, J.1 aReed, David, L.1 aBarker, Stephen, C.1 aGordon, S., C.1 aToloza, Ariel, Ceferino1 aPicollo, María, Inés1 aTaylan-Ozkan, Aysegul1 aChosidow, Olivier1 aHabedank, Birgit1 aIbarra, Joanna1 aMeinking, Terri, Lynn1 aStichele, Robert, H. Vander uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/ijd.1509601948nas a2200217 4500008004100000245016400041210006900205260000900274300001600283490000700299520115900306100002301465700001901488700001701507700002001524700002801544700002501572700002301597700002701620856008301647 2003 eng d00aTranscriptome identification of putative genes involved in protein catabolism and innate immune response in human body louse (Pediculicidae: Pediculus humanus)0 aTranscriptome identification of putative genes involved in prote c2003 a1135 - 11430 v333 aGenomics information relating to human body lice is surprisingly scarce, and this has constrained studies of their physiology, immunology and vector biology. To identify novel body louse genes, we used engorged adult lice to generate a cDNA library. Initially, 1152 clones were screened for inserts, edited for removal of vector sequences and base pairs of poor quality, and viewed for splicing variations, gene families and polymorphism. Computational methods identified 506 inferred open reading frames including the first predicted louse defensin. The inferred defensin aligns well with other insect defensins and has highly conserved cysteine residues, as are known for other defensin sequences. Two cysteine and five serine proteinases were categorized according to their inferred catalytic sites. We also discovered seven putative ubiquitin-pathway genes and four iron metabolizing deduced enzymes. Finally, glutathione-S-transferases and cytochrome P450 genes were among the detoxification enzymes found. Results from this first systematic effort to discover human body louse genes should promote further studies in Phthiraptera and lice.
1 aPedra, Joao, H. F.1 aBrandt, Amanda1 aLi, Hong-Mei1 aWesterman, Rick1 aRomero-Severson, Jeanne1 aPollack, Richard, J.1 aMurdock, Larry, L.1 aPittendrigh, Barry, R. uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0965174803001334?via%3Dihub03035nas a2200433 4500008004100000245009600041210006900137260000900206300001400215490000800229520181200237653001502049653001202064653001102076653001002087653001802097653001102115653001002126653001602136653002702152653003502179653001802214653001802232653001402250653001502264653001402279653003702293653002102330100002502351700002302376700002202399700002002421700001802441700002502459700002002484700000502504700002102509856007102530 1999 eng d00aDifferential permethrin susceptibility of head lice sampled in the United States and Borneo0 aDifferential permethrin susceptibility of head lice sampled in t c1999 a969 - 9730 v1533 aBACKGROUND: Pediculiasis is treated aggressively in the United States, mainly with permethrin- and pyrethrin-containing pediculicides. Increasingly frequent anecdotal reports of treatment failure suggest the emergence of insecticidal resistance by these lice. OBJECTIVE: To confirm or refute the susceptibility of head lice sampled in the United States to permethrin. DESIGN: Survey. Head lice were removed from children residing where pediculicides are readily available and where such products are essentially unknown. Their survival was compared following exposure to residues of graded doses of permethrin in an in vitro bioassay. SETTING: School children from Massachusetts, Idaho, and Sabah (Malaysian Borneo). SUBJECTS: In the United States, 75 children aged 5 to 8 years. In Sabah, 59 boys aged 6 to 13 years. Virtually all sampled US children had previously been treated with pediculicides containing pyrethrins or permethrin; none of the Sabahan children were so exposed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Survival of head lice exposed to permethrin. RESULTS: Permethrin did not affect head lice sampled from chronically infested US children who had previously been treated for pediculiasis. The slope of the dose-response regression line for these lice did not differ significantly from zero (P = .66). This pediculicide immobilized lice sampled in Sabah. Mortality correlated closely with permethrin concentration (P = .008). CONCLUSIONS: Head lice in the United States are less susceptible to permethrin than are those in Sabah. The pyrethroid susceptibility of the general population of head lice in the United States, however, remains poorly defined. Accordingly, these relatively safe over-the-counter preparations may remain the pediculicides of choice for newly recognized louse infestations.
10aadolescent10aanimals10aBorneo10achild10aDose-Response10ahumans10aIdaho10ainsecticide10aInsecticide resistance10aLice Infestations/drug therapy10aLinear Models10aMassachusetts10aPediculus10aPermethrin10aPyrethrum10aResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov't10ascalp dermatoses1 aPollack, Richard, J.1 aKiszewski, Anthony1 aArmstrong, Philip1 aHahn, Christine1 aWolfe, Nathan1 aRahman, Hasan, Abdul1 aLaserson, Kayla1 a1 aSpielman, Andrew uhttps://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/34778603074nas a2200433 4500008004100000245009200041210006900133260000900202300003000211490000700241520177100248653002802019653001502047653001002062653002102072653000902093653002202102653001202124653001002136653002102146653002802167653002202195653001102217653001402228653005802242653001602300653003102316653001402347653001502361653001402376653001702390653001002407653002102417653002202438100002502460700002202485700002102507856011202528 2000 eng d00aOver diagnosis and consequent mismanagement of head louse infestations in North America0 aOver diagnosis and consequent mismanagement of head louse infest c2000 a693 - 696; discussion 6940 v193 aBACKGROUND: Lay personnel and many health care workers in the United States believe that head louse infestations caused by Pediculus capitis are exceedingly transmissible and that infested children readily infest others. Schoolchildren therefore frequently become ostracized and remain so until no signs of their presumed infestations are evident. Repeated applications of pediculicidal product and chronic school absenteeism frequently result.METHODS: To determine how frequently louse-related exclusions from schools and applications of pediculicidal therapeutic regimens might be inappropriate, we invited health care providers as well as nonspecialized personnel to submit specimens to us that were associated with a diagnosis of pediculiasis. Each submission was then characterized microscopically. RESULTS: Health care professionals as well as nonspecialists frequently overdiagnose pediculiasis capitis and generally fail to distinguish active from extinct infestations. Noninfested children thereby become quarantined at least as often as infested children. Traditional anti-louse formulations are overapplied as frequently as are "alternative" formulations. Pediculicidal treatments are more frequently applied to non-infested children than to children who bear active infestations. CONCLUSIONS: Pediculicidal treatments should be applied solely after living nymphal or adult lice or apparently viable eggs have been observed. Because health care providers as well as lay personnel generally misdiagnose pediculiasis, and because few symptoms and no direct infectious processes are known to result, we suggest that the practice of excluding presumably infested children from school may be more burdensome than the infestations themselves.
10aAdministration, Topical10aadolescent10aadult10aAge Distribution10aAged10aAged, 80 and over10aanimals10achild10aChild, Preschool10aDiagnosis, Differential10aFollow-Up Studies10ahumans10aincidence10aLice Infestations/diagnosis/drug therapy/epidemiology10aMiddle Aged10aNorth America/epidemiology10aPediculus10aPermethrin10aPyrethrum10arisk factors10ascalp10aSex Distribution10aTreatment Outcome1 aPollack, Richard, J.1 aKiszewski, A., E.1 aSpielman, Andrew uhttps://journals.lww.com/pidj/Abstract/2000/08000/Overdiagnosis_and_consequent_mismanagement_of_head.3.aspx00753nas a2200241 4500008004100000020001400041245006600055210006500121260002400186300000900210490000800219653001200227653004200239653003000281653001100311653001600322653003500338653001400373653001500387653001700402100002500419856006700444 2001 eng d a1098-427500aHead lice infestation: single drug versus combination therapy0 aHead lice infestation single drug versus combination therapy aUnited Statesc2001 a13930 v10810aanimals10aAnti-Infective Agents/therapeutic use10aDrug Therapy, Combination10ahumans10ainsecticide10aLice Infestations/drug therapy10aPediculus10aPermethrin10aTrimethoprim1 aPollack, Richard, J. uhttps://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/108/6/1393.long