01966nas a2200289 4500008004100000022002500041245015400066210006900220260001300289300001400302490000700316520104800323653001501371653002301386653001801409653001801427653000901445653001001454653001001464100002901474700001501503700002001518700002001538700002301558700002301581856007201604 2021 eng d a0722-4060, 1432-205600aParasites of chinstrap penguins (Pygoscelis antarctica) from three localities in the Antarctic Peninsula and a review of their parasitic fauna0 aParasites of chinstrap penguins iPygoscelis antarcticai from thr cSep-2021 a2099-21050 v443 a

Studies of parasitism in chinstrap penguins (Pygoscelis antarctica) are infrequent and mainly refer to the identification and description of its parasites, with little ecological data. In an attempt to address that lack of knowledge, we collected endo- and ecto-parasites from 326 live and four dead of chinstrap penguins, in three different localities of Antarctica not studied before. Three species of endoparasites and two of ectoparasites were found parasitizing birds: two tapeworms, Tetrabothrius pauliani (Cestoda: Tetrabothriidae) and Parorchites zederi (Cestoda: Dilepididae); one roundworm, Stegophorus macronectes (Nematoda: Acuariidae), and one feather louse: Austrogoniodes gressitti (Insecta: Phthiraptera: Philopteridae). Ticks (Ixodes uriae—Acari: Ixodidae) were collected from the ground near the penguin nesting colonies at two localities, Shirreff Cape and Narebsky Point. New ecological data are given for the two species of ectoparasites. No parasites were found in the blood collected from 300 live penguin

10aantarctica10aChinstrap penguins10aectoparasites10aEndoparasites10alice10aticks10aWorms1 aGonzález-Acuña, Daniel1 aMoreno, L.1 aWille, Michelle1 aHerrmann, Bjorn1 aKinsella, John, M.1 aPalma, Ricardo, L. uhttps://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00300-021-02945-x#citeas01336nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245008500055210006900140260001600209300001400225490000700239520066900246653003400915653001800949653000900967653001700976100003000993700002001023700002001043856005501063 2018 eng d a0722-406000aLousy big guys: Lepidophthirus macrorhini infesting seals from Antarctica0 aLousy big guys iLepidophthirus macrorhini iinfesting seals from  cJun-10-2017 a481 - 4850 v413 a

The present work represents a contribution to the ecology of a little known host parasite association, i.e. sucking lice and Antarctic seals. The information available regarding the health status of Antarctic seals is limited and little is known about the ecology and effect of parasites on these hosts. Particularly, data regarding Antarctic louse infestation are scarce. Therefore, the main goal of this study is to report the results of a survey of the louse infestation of Lepidophthirus macrorhini (Anoplura, Echinophthiriidae) on 26 elephant seals (Mirounga leon- ina) and on a Weddell seal (Leptonychotes weddelli) from eastern Antarctic Peninsula.

10a25 de Mayo/King George Island10aElephant seal10alice10aWeddell seal1 aLeonardi, María, Soledad1 aSoto, Florencia1 aNegrete, Javier uhttp://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00300-017-2207-z03892nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245011300055210006900168260001600237520314700253653000903400653001703409653001003426653001203436653001903448653000903467100002303476700002503499700002203524700002303546700002603569856005503595 2018 eng d a0722-406000aEctoparasite abundance and apparent absence of hemoparasites in two albatross species in Sub-Antarctic Chile0 aEctoparasite abundance and apparent absence of hemoparasites in  cJan-07-20183 a

The Black-browed Albatross (BBA, Thalas- sarche melanophrys) and the Grey-headed Albatross (GHA, Thalassarche chrysostoma) are long-lived sym- patric species breeding in the Atlantic and Pacific sections of the Southern Ocean. While the Atlantic populations of these two species have been the subject of several studies, little information is available on the most important colo- nies in the Southeast Pacific Ocean (Chile). The presence of parasites in these long-lived hosts has been described for the colonies in the Southern Atlantic, but not in those from Chile. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify ectoparasites and hemoparasites associated with both spe- ciesbreedingintheDiegoRam ́ırezArchipelago(56°S)in Southern Chile. Chicks were examined for ectoparasites during the breeding seasons in 2010 and 2011 (GHA, n = 80; BBA, n = 40). Parasites were collected manually, mounted, and identified to species level. The sex and developmental stage of adult ectoparasites were also determined. Ectoparasites were detected on 78.75 and 32.50% of GHA and BBA chicks, respectively. A total of 126 ectoparasites were obtained: 103 Ixodes uriae ticks (GHA 79.62%, BBA 20.38%); 22 Parapsyllus longicornis Austromenopon affine louse (found on GHA). Diego Ram ́ırez represents a new record and distribution range for I. uriae and A. affine. The presence of hemoparasites was explored on blood smears for GHA (n = 26) and BBA (n = 119), but none were recorded in either of these albatrosses. Keywords Hemoparasite ? Flea ? Louse ? Seabird ? Southern Ocean ? Tick Introduction The Black-browed Albatross (Thalassarche melanophrys, BBA) and Grey-headed Albatross (Thalassarche chrysos- toma, GHA) are long-lived seabirds distributed in the waters of the Southern Hemisphere. Almost the entire global population of BBA (*99%) and the greater portion of GHA numbers (*85%) reside in islands located in the SW Atlantic and SE Pacific regions of the Southern Ocean (Robertson et al. 2007). The Diego Ram ́ırez Archipelago supports the largest numbers of BBA and almost the entire population of GHA in Chile, carrying *20 and *23% of global numbers, respectively (Robertson et al. 2007). BBA is the more abundant albatross species in the archipelago, with GHA breeding around the margins of BBA colonies or in separated groups (Robertson et al. 2007). In Diego Ram ́ırez, these two species have nesting densities of 0.01 and 0.60 nests m-2, respectively (Suazo unpubl. data). During the breeding season, BBA and GHA arrive in late August and early September, respectively, and leave in April (BBA) and in the first half of May (GHA), entering their nonbreeding seasons (Suazo unpubl. data). Diego Ram ́ırezisthemostrepresentativebreedingareaforboth
fleas (GHA = 31.8%, BBA = 68.2%); and a single Austromenopon affine louse (found on GHA). Diego Ram ́ırez represents a new record and distribution range for I. uriae and A. affine. The presence of hemoparasites was explored on blood smears for GHA (n = 26) and BBA (n = 119), but none were recorded in either of these albatrosses.

10aflea10aHemoparasite10alouse10aseabird10aSouthern Ocean10aTick1 aLlanos, Sebastián1 aSuazo, Cristián, G.1 aQuillfeldt, Petra1 aCursach, Jaime, A.1 aSalas, Lucila, Moreno uhttp://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00300-017-2177-102013nas a2200205 4500008004100000022001400041245015200055210006900207260001600276300001400292490000700306520131200313653001501625653001701640653002301657100003001680700002201710700002001732856005501752 2016 eng d a0722-406000aRedescription of Antarctophthirus lobodontis (Anoplura: Echinophthiriidae) from the crabeater seal and identification key for Antarctic lice0 aRedescription of iAntarctophthirus lobodontisi Anoplura Echinoph cJan-04-2016 a671 - 6760 v393 a

The Anoplura (Phthiraptera) is composed of lice parasitizing mainly terrestrial mammals, but a few members have been able to adapt to the marine environ- ment. The latter are included in the family Echinophthiri- idae, a particular group infecting pinnipeds worldwide. They also are of the few insects that managed to survive in the ocean. The study of Antarctic echinophthiriids flour- ished in the 1960s, but in the last 50 years, no advance has been made. Revision of Antarctic echinophthiriids is part of ongoing research on the systematics, phylogeny and ecology of these lice. During the summer season of 2014, we had the opportunity to collect lice from crabeater seals captured at Cierva Cove in the northern sector of the Danco Coast, Antarctic Peninsula. Since its original description was incomplete and the holotypes were lost, here we redescribe Antarctophthirus lobodontis based on these specimens. The present material can be distinguished from other Antarctic Antarctophthirus species by the presence of four marginal long hairs and in the basis of the head a line of eight spines and three hairs above the last row of four spines. Also in the present work, we provide a key to the identification of the Antarctic species of Echinophthiriidae based on morphological characteristics.

10aantarctica10asucking lice10ataxonomic revision1 aLeonardi, María, Soledad1 aBobinac, Magalí1 aNegrete, Javier uhttp://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00300-015-1822-902650nas a2200361 4500008004100000022001400041245009900055210006900154260001600223300001600239490000700255520158300262653001501845653001801860653001801878653002001896653001101916653001401927100002901941700002201970700001501992700002002007700002302027700002302050700002602073700002302099700002102122700002002143700001802163700002402181700001702205856006602222 2013 eng d a0722-406000aHealth evaluation of wild gentoo penguins (Pygoscelis papua) in the Antarctic Peninsula0 aHealth evaluation of wild gentoo penguins iPygoscelis papuai in  cAugust/2013 a1749 - 17600 v363 a

Historically wildlife conservation was based on habitat protection and exploitation control. Only recently have diseases been considered an important issue. However, pathogens are usually described during or after disease outbreaks, but to determine which pathogens may be emerging, surveys of wildlife health are critical in a given time. This study deals with the health status of gentoo penguins Pygoscelis papua in two localities at the Antarctica Peninsula and one at Ardley Island off the South Shetland Islands. Cloacal swaps, fresh fecal samples, ectoparasites, and blood smears were collected. We examined and dissected 14 penguin corpses found dead. Fecal samples were positive for Campylobacter, Escherichia coli and in the carcasses four endoparasitic species were found: Diphyllobothrium sp. and Parorchites zederi, Corynosoma shackletoni and Stegophorus adeliae. The tick Ixodes uriae occurred in five of the examined penguins, and the louse Austrogoniodes gressitti on six birds. From the colony grounds, we collected 1,184 I. uriae. We recorded antibiotic-resistant bacteria, such as E. coli, in ecosystems where gentoo penguins breed. Cloacal samples (300) were negative for Chlamydia, as well as for Salmonella, CampylobacterE. coli, Newcastle and Influenza viruses.

 © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013

10aantarctica10aectoparasites10aEndoparasites10aGentoo penguins10aHealth10apathogens1 aGonzález-Acuña, Daniel1 aHernández, Jorge1 aMoreno, L.1 aHerrmann, Bjorn1 aPalma, Ricardo, L.1 aLatorre, Alejandra1 aMedina-Vogel, Gonzalo1 aKinsella, John, M.1 aMartín, Nicolas1 aAraya, Karolina1 aTorres, Iván1 aFernandez, Nicolás1 aOlsen, Bjorn uhttps://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00300-013-1394-502483nas a2200157 4500008004100000245011200041210006900153260000900222300001400231490000700245520194700252100002202199700002202221700001802243856006402261 2004 eng d00aBlood chemistry in relation to nutrition and ectoparasite load in Wilson's storm-petrel Oceanites oceanicus0 aBlood chemistry in relation to nutrition and ectoparasite load i c2004 a168 - 1760 v273 a

Haematology and plasma biochemistry values are useful tools for ecological research, providing information on the physiological state and adaptation of individuals to their habitat, changes in nutritional state of birds, body condition, the level of parasite infestation, etc. We studied the effect of stress factors on haematological and plasma biochemistry values in adult and nestling Wilson's storm petrels Oceanites oceanicus (Aves, Procellariiformes). We measured packed cell volume, triglyceride levels, plasma protein levels, plasma hue and plasma corticosterone of nestlings and breeding adults at King George Island, South Shetland Islands. We used a snow storm as a natural experiment to test what effect starvation has on the stress response of nestlings. In particular, we predicted that: (1) plasma protein concentrations and plasma hue reflect ectoparasite load, (2) triglycerides and hue reflect the nutritional state, and (3) corticosterone levels increase with ectoparasite load and starvation. In line with our predictions, plasma triglycerides were higher in nestlings than adults, indicating a resorptive nutritional state in nestlings, during which dietary fat is deposited in adipose tissues. In adults, plasma triglycerides were positively correlated with body mass. Corticosterone levels increased in response to handling in adults, while we did not find a stress response in nestlings in good condition. However, nestlings sampled after their nests had been blocked by a snow storm showed a stress response in excess of that of adults. In nestlings sampled after the snow storm, corticosterone peak levels were positively correlated with the infestation intensity of the ectoparasite Philoceanus robertsi (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera), suggesting that the stress response is increased when more stressors act at the same time. In adults, plasma hue and proteins decreased with increasing ectoparasite load.

1 aQuillfeldt, Petra1 aMasello, Juan, F.1 aMöstl, Erich uhttps://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00300-003-0572-201473nas a2200169 4500008004100000245011800041210006900159260000900228300001400237490000700251520089800258653001101156100002201167700001701189700002401206856007301230 2006 eng d00aEctoparasites of northern fulmars Fulmarus glacialis (Procellariiformes: Procellariidae) from the Canadian Arctic0 aEctoparasites of northern fulmars Fulmarus glacialis Procellarii c2006 a353 - 3570 v293 a

We studied the prevalence and intensity of infestation of ectoparasites on northern fulmars (Fulmarus glacialis L.) from a breeding colony in Arctic Canada in June–August 2003. No fleas or ticks were found on any fulmars, but three species of chewing lice (Phthiraptera) were recorded: Ischnocera: Perineus nigrolimbatus (Giebel 1874), Ischnocera: Saemundssonia occidentalis (Kellogg 1896), and Amblycera: Ancistrona vagelli (Fabricius 1787). Non-breeding birds had a higher prevalence of lice than breeding birds, and prevalence varied markedly among louse species. Our study is an important baseline for the occurrence of ectoparasites on northern fulmars in the high Arctic, a region undergoing extensive environmental change due to global warming, and an area where parasites are expected to extend ranges or increase in prevalence under changing annual temperature regimes.

10aSurvey1 aMallory, Mark, L.1 aForbes, Mark1 aGalloway, Terry, D. uhttp://www.phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/46164.pdf01635nas a2200193 4500008004100000245009800041210006900139260000900208300001400217490000700231520102600238653001201264653002001276653001701296100001901313700002701332700002301359856005901382 1997 eng d00aOccurrence of the flea Glaciopsyllus antarcticus and avian lice in central Dronning Maud Land0 aOccurrence of the flea Glaciopsyllus antarcticus and avian lice  c1997 a292 - 2940 v183 a

The flea Glaciopsyllus antarcticus is endemic to the Antarctic continent, where it is known to parasitise a number of seabird species. This paper reports the occurrence of the flea and two species of lice from snow petrel (Pagodroma nivea) colonies in central Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica, and extends considerably the recorded distribution of the flea. Flea adults, pupae and larvae were recovered from 10 of 11 samples of organic material collected from snow petrel nests at Svarthamaren (71 degrees 53'S, 05 degrees 10'E) in the Muhlig- Hofmannfjella. Specimens of two philopterid lice species, Saemundssonia antarctica and Pseudonirmus charcoti, were recovered from three of these samples. Specimens of the Antarctic flea and of the louse S. antarctica were recovered from carcasses of snow petrel chicks collected both at Svarthamaren and Robertskollen (71 degrees 28'S, 03 degrees 15'W) in the northern Ahlmannryggen; the louse Pseudonirmus charcoti was recovered from Robertskollen only.

10abiology10aceratophyllidae10aSiphonaptera1 aSteele, W., K.1 aPilgrim, Robert, L. C.1 aPalma, Ricardo, L. uhttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s003000050190