01833nas a2200241 4500008004100000245008100041210006900122300000900191490000600200520111200206653001301318653001801331653001901349100001801368700001901386700001901405700001501424700001901439700003501458700002901493700002501522856004401547 2012 eng d00aEctoparasites and haemoparasites of chickens in sokoto, northwestern Nigeria0 aEctoparasites and haemoparasites of chickens in sokoto northwest a5 pp0 v13 a

A study to determine the prevalence of ecto and haemoparasites of chickens was carried out in Sokoto metropolis between April and August 2010. A total of 200 adult chickens from 2 different production systems (commercial and free range) were sampled. Thin blood smear was used to analyse the blood sample while the ectoparasites recovered were properly examined. All chickens from the free range production system were infested with ectoparasites and 12% had haemoparasites. Only 50% of the chickens in the commercial system had ectoparasites. One tick, five lice and one species of haemoparasite were identified with the following prevalences (free range %/commercial %): Tick; Argas persicus (66/0); Lice; Amyrsidea powelli (50/0), Goniocotes gallinae (74/16), Goniodes gigas (56/16), Lipeurus tropicalis (94/34), Menacanthus cornutus (100/50) and haemoparasite; Plasmodium gallinaceum (12/0). In general, the occurrence of the parasites was significantly influenced by production system being significantly higher in the free range system than the commercial system of production (p< 0.0001).

10achickens10aectoparasites10ahaemoparasites1 aUsman, Mahmud1 aFabiyi, J., P.1 aMohammed, A.A.1 aMera, U.M.1 aMahmuda, Aliyu1 aAlayande, Musbaudeen, Olayinka1 aLawal, Mohammed, Dalhatu1 aDanmaigoro, Abubakar uhttps://europub.co.uk/articles/955/view05391nas a2200253 4500008004100000022001400041245015900055210007100214260001600285300000700301490000700308520455200315653001704867653001404884653001204898653001104910100001904921700003504940700003404975700002905009700001905038700001805057856006205075 2017 eng d a0035-186500aPrévalence et variations saisonnières des infestations par les ectoparasites des dindons de basse-cour, Meleagris gallopavo, à Sokoto, Nigeria0 aPrévalence et variations saisonnières des infestations par les e cAug-09-2018 a210 v703 a

Résumé: Entre août 2009 et juillet 2011, une étude a été conduite dans la région de Sokoto pour déterminer le taux d’infestation des dindons par les ectoparasites ainsi que l’abondance et les variations saisonnières de ces derniers. Les parasites ont été récoltés par la méthode du « dust-ruffling » (déloger les para- sites des plumes en les ébouriffant après saupoudrage de pyré- thrinoïde), puis mis dans des flacons d’éthanol à 70 %, avant d’être éclaircis au lactophénol, puis identifiés au microscope. L’examen de 265 oiseaux a révélé de forts taux d’infestation ainsi qu’une grande diversité parasitaires puisque 12 espèces ont été identifiées. Quatre espèces de poux (Phthiraptera : Ischnocera et Amblycera) ont été trouvées : Lipeurus tropi- calis (chez 78 % des dindons alors que cette espèce n’avait jusqu’alors pas été mentionnée chez cet oiseau), Menacan- thus stramineus (48 %), Goniocotes gallinae (35 %) et Chelo- pistes meleagridis (33 %). Il y avait également deux espèces de tiques (Acari : Metastigmata), Argas persicus (chez 50 % des oiseaux) et Hyalomma impressum (10 %), et cinq aca- riens responsables de gales (Acari : Astigmata et Mesostig- mata) : Bdellonyssus bursa (45 %), Megninia cubitalis (32 %), Epidermoptes bilobatus (20 %), Freyana chanayi (12 %) et Cnemidocoptes mutans (10 %). Une seule espèce de puce (Siphonaptera : Ceratophylloidea), Echidnophaga gallinacea, a été identifiée. Dans de nombreux cas, les oiseaux n’étaient infestés que par moins d’une douzaine de parasites, mais L. tropicalis et B. bursa étaient en revanche très abondants sur certains dindons qui pouvaient héberger plusieurs milliers d’individus. D’autres oiseaux étaient infestés par des dizaines voire quelques centaines d’A. persicus, de M. stramineus ou d’E. gallinacea. Les infestations étaient plus fréquentes pendant la saison sèche chaude (p < 0,01) et la saison chaude humide (p < 0,05) que pendant la saison sèche fraîche. Ces observa- tions suggèrent qu’il serait nécessaire de mettre en place des mesures de prévention et de lutte pour réduire l’importance des ectoparasites dans cette région.

Mots-clés : dindon, ectoparasite, morbidité, Nigeria

Engish title: Prevalence and seasonal fluctuations of ectoparasites infesting backyard turkeys, Meleagris gallopavo, in Sokoto, Northwestern Nigeria

A systematic survey was conducted during two consecutive years, August 2009 to July 2011, to study the prevalence, abundance and seasonal fluctuations of ectoparasites of turkeys in Sokoto and its environs. The ectoparasites were recovered from the birds using the dust-ruffling technique, fixed in 70% alco- hol and identified microscopically following clearing in lactophenol. The results, based on examination of 265 birds, revealed a high prevalence and a high par- asite diversity with no less than 12 species recorded. In decreasing order of prevalence, ectoparasites recorded included four louse species (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera and Amblycera): Lipeurus tropicalis (78%, hitherto unknown from turkeys), Menacanthus stramineus (48%), Goniocotes gallinae (35%), and Chelo- pistes meleagridis (33%). Two species of ticks (Acari: Metastigmata) were found: Argas persicus (50%) and Hyalomma impressum (10%). Five parasitic mites (Acari: Astigmata and Mesostigmata) were observed: Bdellonyssus bursa (45%), Megninia cubitalis (32%), Epidermoptes bilobatus (20%), Freyana chanayi (12%) and Cnemidocoptes mutans (10%). Only one flea species (Siphonaptera: Cera- tophylloidea), Echidnophaga gallinacea, was found. Many infestations consisted of a few to a dozen individuals per bird, but L. tropicalis and B. bursa were very abundant and could reach thousands of individuals on some birds, and A. persicus, M. stramineus and E. gallinacea were abundant, sometimes with hundreds of individuals, on some others. Infestations fluctuated seasonally and were more often present in the hot dry season (p < 0.01) and the warm wet sea- son (p < 0.05) than in the cool dry harmattan season. The findings suggest the need to develop effective preventive and control options to deal with ectopara- sites which flourish in numbers and diversity in the area.

10aectoparasite10aMorbidity10aNigeria10aTurkey1 aFabiyi, J., P.1 aAlayande, Musbaudeen, Olayinka1 aAkintule, Alexander, Olayinka1 aLawal, Mohammed, Dalhatu1 aMahmuda, Aliyu1 aUsman, Mahmud uhttp://revues.cirad.fr/index.php/REMVT/article/view/3139100504nas a2200109 4500008004100000245017200041210006900213260001600282300000800298100001900306856006900325 1972 eng d00aThe occurrence of Cuclotogaster occidentalis and Amyrsidea sp. powelli group (Mallophaga: Insecta) on the domestic fowl in the Vom area of Benue-Plateau State, Nigeria0 aoccurrence of Cuclotogaster occidentalis and Amyrsidea sp powell cAugust 1972 a1981 aFabiyi, J., P. uhttp://phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/61166.pdf00430nas a2200121 4500008004100000245008000041210006900121260000900190300001400199490000700213100001900220856006900239 1980 eng d00aSurvey of lice infesting domestic fowl on the Jos Plateau, Northern Nigeria0 aSurvey of lice infesting domestic fowl on the Jos Plateau Northe c1980 a215 - 2190 v281 aFabiyi, J., P. uhttp://phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/48177.pdf01183nas a2200205 4500008004100000245016500041210006900206260000900275300001400284490000700298520044900305653001200754653001800766653001900784653004600803653002400849653001200873100001900885856007300904 1980 eng d00aThe grey-breasted helmet guineafowl (Numida meleagridis galeata), a new host for Amyrsidea powelli (Bedford 1920) and Cuclotogaster occidentalis (Tendeiro 1954)0 agreybreasted helmet guineafowl Numida meleagridis galeata a new  c1980 a303 - 3040 v333 a

In the course of examination of 620 grey-breasted helmet guineafowl (Numida meleagridis galeata) from variouos parts of Northern Nigeria, two species of lice namely Amyrsidea powelli and Cuclotogaster occidentalis, hitherto unreported from these birds were recovered. A. powelli was present in 78 p. 100 birds, reaching pathogenic proportions on occasions while C. occidentalis was present in 17 p. 100 with all infestations being low.

10aanimals10abird diseases10aBird parasites10aLice Infestations/parasitology/veterinary10aLice/classification10aNigeria1 aFabiyi, J., P. uhttp://www.phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/45612.pdf00940nas a2200217 4500008004100000020001400041245012200055210006900177260001700246300001400263490000700277520025900284653001200543653001200555653001500567653001200582653002100594653002500615100001900640856006300659 1986 eng d a0035-186500aExclusion in Nigeria of chickens and guinea-fowls from the host range of Menacanthus stramineus (Mallophaga: Insecta)0 aExclusion in Nigeria of chickens and guineafowls from the host r aFRANCEc1986 a377 - 3790 v393 a

In the course of a country-wide survey of Mallophaga of guinea-fowls, turkeys and chickens in Nigeria, Menacanthus stramineus was not found on chickens and guinea-fowls although it was universally present on turkeys, often in pathogenic numbers.

10aanimals10achicken10aMallophaga10apoultry10aPoultry Diseases10aTurkeys/parasitology1 aFabiyi, J., P. uhttp://revues.cirad.fr/index.php/REMVT/article/view/8567/002259nas a2200253 4500008004100000245018500041210006900226260000900295300001600304490000700320520139200327653002501719653001201744653001201756653001201768653001301780653004601793653001501839653002501854653002101879653001201900100001901912856007401931 1996 eng d00aAssociation between duration of humid season and geographical distribution patterns of different species of chewing lice (Mallophaga:Insecta) infesting domestic chickens in Nigeria0 aAssociation between duration of humid season and geographical di c1996 a1034 - 10360 v823 a

In a countrywide study of the geographical distribution patterns of chicken lice in Nigeria, 3 species, Menacanthus pallidulus (Neumann 1912), Goniodes dissimilis Denny, 1842, and Menopon gallinae (Linnaeus, 1758), were completely restricted to within areas with a long humid season (6-12 humid mo per yr). In constrast, 4 species, Cuclotogaster occidentalis Tendeiro, 1954, Menacanthus cornutus (Schommer, 1913), Amyrsidea powelli (Bedford, 1920), and Goniodes gigas (Taschenberg, 1879), thrived only in areas where the humid season was of a short duration (< or = 5 mo). The last 3 named species extended also into the fringes of areas with a long humid season (6-8 humid mo) at significantly reduced numbers. They were entirely absent in areas with a particularly protracted humid season (9-12 humid mo). Three other species. Numidilipeurus tropicalis (Peters, 1931), Goniocotes gallinae (DeGeer, 1778), and Lipeurus caponis (Linnaeus, 1758), were just as abundant in areas of a long humid season as they were in areas with a short humid season. It was concluded that there was an association between duration of the humid season and the geographical distribution patterns of certain species of chicken lice in Nigeria. The duration of the humid season might thus provide a means of predicting the potential occurrence of some species of chicken lice in a particular area.

10aAnalysis of Variance10aanimals10achicken10aClimate10ahumidity10aLice Infestations/epidemiology/veterinary10aMallophaga10aNigeria/epidemiology10aPoultry Diseases10aSeasons1 aFabiyi, J., P. uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/3284220?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents00400nas a2200121 4500008004100000245005400041210005400095260000900149300001400158490000700172100001900179856008000198 1988 eng d00aLice infestations of domestic chickens in Nigeria0 aLice infestations of domestic chickens in Nigeria c1988 a390 - 3940 v361 aFabiyi, J., P. uhttps://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/43227.pdf