03480nas a2200265 4500008004100000022002500041245008500066210006900151260001600220300001400236490000800250520269400258653002202952653001402974653001502988653001603003653001203019653001303031100002103044700002003065700002203085700002003107700002203127856006503149 2021 eng d a0932-0113, 1432-195500aPredators in northern Germany are reservoirs for parasites of One Health concern0 aPredators in northern Germany are reservoirs for parasites of On cFeb-06-2021 a4229-42390 v1203 a

Urbanisation and invasion of wildlife into urban areas as well as human leisure activities create diverse wildlife-domestic animal-human interfaces, increasing the risk of (zoonotic) parasite spillover from sylvatic to domestic and synanthropic cycles. This study investigated the endo- and ectoparasite fauna, emphasising on parasites of One Health Concern, of the most common predators in northern Germany between November 2013 and January 2016. Eighty red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), 18 stone martens (Martes foina) and nine raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) were available for the study. Overall, 79 (73.8%) of the examined predators (n=107) harboured at least one endoparasite. The most frequently detected endoparasites in red foxes were Toxocara canis (43.8% positive individuals), Capillaria spp. (36.3%), Alaria alata (25.0%), Echinococcus multilocularis (26.3%) and Uncinaria stenocephala (25.0%). Furthermore, Toxascaris leonina, Trichuris vulpis, Taenia ssp., Mesocestoides spp. and coccidian oocysts were observed. The endoparasite species richness in raccoon dogs was comparable to red foxes, while in stone martens, only Capillaria spp. were found. Muscle digestion for detection of Trichinella spp. and antigen testing for Giardia spp. did not show positive results. Ectoparasite analyses revealed infestations with ticks species of the genus Ixodes as well as Dermacentor reticulatus. Scabies mites were not present in digested skin samples, while Demodex spp. mites were observed by faecal flotation in one red fox. Furthermore, fleas (Archaeopsylla erinacei and Chaetopsylla globiceps) were observed in the fur of red foxes, while lice were not present in any predator species. However, infestation frequency with ectoparasites was with 19.2% generally low in available predator skins (n=99). Overall, the present study showed that predators in northern Germany serve as reservoirs for parasites of One Health concern, with four of the five most frequent endoparasites being zoonotic, highlighting the need of parasite surveillance in wildlife predators in order to implement measures avoiding spillovers to domestic animals and humans.

10aEchinococcus spp.10aHelminths10aPrevalence10aRaccoon dog10aRed fox10azoonoses1 aWaindok, Patrick1 aRaue, Katharina1 aGrilo, Miguel, L.1 aSiebert, Ursula1 aStrube, Christina uhttps://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00436-021-07073-302368nas a2200313 4500008004100000022001400041245016600055210006900221260001600290300001200306490000700318520134500325653001801670653002101688653001501709100002101724700002201745700002001767700001901787700002701806700001901833700002501852700002301877700001701900700002401917700002201941700001901963856007201982 2023 eng d a2213-224400aMolecular phylogenetics of the sucking louse genus Lemurpediculus (Insecta: Phthiraptera), ectoparasites of lemurs, with descriptions of three new species0 aMolecular phylogenetics of the sucking louse genus iLemurpedicul cApr-01-2023 a138-1520 v203 a

Sucking lice live in intimate association with their hosts and often display a high degree of host specificity. The present study investigated sucking lice of the genus Lemurpediculus from six mouse lemur (Microcebus) and two dwarf lemur (Cheirogaleus) species endemic to the island of Madagascar, considered a biodiversity hotspot. Louse phylogenetic trees were created based on cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (COI), elongation factor 1α (EF1α) and internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) sequences. While clustering according to host species was generally observed for COI and ITS1, suggesting high host specificity of the examined lice, EF1α sequences alone did not distinguish between lice of different Microcebus species, possibly due to rather recent divergence. As bootstrap support for basal tree structure was rather low, further data are necessary to resolve the evolutionary history of louse-mouse lemur associations. Three new species of sucking lice are described: Lemurpediculus zimmermanni sp. Nov. From Microcebus ravelobensis, Lemurpediculus gerpi sp.nov. from Microcebus gerpi, and Lemurpediculus tsimanampesotsae sp. nov. from Microcebus griseorufus. These new species are compared with all known congeneric species and identifying features are illustrated for all known species of Lemurpediculus.

10aco-speciation10aHost specificity10aMadagascar1 aSpringer, Andrea1 aDurden, Lance, A.1 aKiene, Frederik1 aKlein, Annette1 aRakotondravony, Romule1 aEhlers, Julian1 aGreiman, Stephen, E.1 aBlanco, Marina, B.1 aZohdy, Sarah1 aKessler, Sharon, E.1 aStrube, Christina1 aRadespiel, Ute uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221322442300011103003nas a2200289 4500008004100000022001400041245011900055210006900174260001300243300001200256490000700268520210700275653002602382653001102408653000902419653001002428653001202438653001002450100002002460700003102480700002402511700003402535700002702569700001902596700002202615856007602637 2020 eng d a0020-751900aForest edges affect ectoparasite infestation patterns of small mammalian hosts in fragmented forests in Madagascar0 aForest edges affect ectoparasite infestation patterns of small m cApr-2020 a299-3130 v503 a

Habitat loss and fragmentation drive the worldwide depletion of biodiversity. Although it is known that anthropogenic disturbances severely affect host and ecosystem integrity, effects on parasites are largely understudied. This study aims to investigate if and how habitat fragmentation affects the composition of ectoparasite communities on small mammalian hosts in two networks of dry deciduous forest fragments in northwestern Madagascar. Forest sites differing in size, proportion of edge habitat and host density were studied in the Ankarafantsika National Park and in the Mariarano region. A total of 924 individuals of two mouse lemur species, Microcebus murinus (n=200) and Microcebus ravelobensis (n=426), and two rodent species, endemic Eliurus myoxinus (n=114) and introduced Rattus rattus (n=184), were captured to assess ectoparasite infestations. Ectoparasite prevalence and ectoparasite species richness (EPSR) were statistically related to nine ecological variables applying generalized linear mixed models. Hosts harbored ticks (Haemaphysalis microcebi), mites (Schoutedenichia microcebi, Listrophoroides spp., Laelaptidae gen. spp.) and sucking lice (Lemurpediculus spp., Polyplax sp., Hoplopleuridae gen. sp.). Parasite prevalence differed significantly between host species for all detected parasite taxa. Proximity to the forest edge led to a significant reduction in ectoparasites. Parasite-specific edge effects were observed up to a distance of 750 m from the forest edge. The obtained results imply that habitat fragmentation impacts ectoparasite communities, in particular by negatively affecting temporary parasite species. The results are best explained by an interplay of parasite life cycles, responses to changes in abiotic factors induced by edges and host-specific responses to habitat fragmentation. The negative responses of most studied ectoparasite taxa to forest edges and habitat fragmentation demonstrate their ecological vulnerability that may eventually threaten the integrity of ecosystems and potentially impact ectoparasite biodiversity worldwide.

10ahabitat fragmentation10aLemurs10alice10amites10arodents10aticks1 aKiene, Frederik1 aAndriatsitohaina, Bertrand1 aRamsay, Malcolm, S.1 aRakotondramanana, Herinjatovo1 aRakotondravony, Romule1 aRadespiel, Ute1 aStrube, Christina uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S002075192030059X