02257nas a2200253 4500008004100000022002500041245015900066210006900225260001400294300001400308490000700322520145000329653001201779653001001791653000901801653001201810653001301822100002601835700002301861700001801884700002401902700001801926856005901944 2022 eng d a0022-2585, 1938-292800aDiversity and Prevalence of Ectoparasites on Poultry from Open Environment Farms in the Western-United States of Washington, Idaho, Oregon, and California0 aDiversity and Prevalence of Ectoparasites on Poultry from Open E cSept-2022 a1837-18410 v593 a

 Open-environment poultry farms that allow chickens to forage outdoors are becoming increasingly common throughout the United States and Europe; however, there is little information regarding the diversity and prevalence of ectoparasites in these farming systems. Eight to 25 birds were captured and surveyed for ectoparasites on each of 17 farms across the states of Washington, Idaho, Oregon, and California. Among the farms sampled, six louse species (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera & Amblycera) and two parasitic mite species (Acari: Mesostigmata) were collected and identified: Goniodes gigas (Taschenberg, 1879; Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) on one farm, Menacathus cornutus (Schömmer, 1913; Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) on one farm, Menopon gallinae (Linnaeus, 1758; Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) on six farms, Lipeurus caponis (Linnaeus, 1758; Phthiraptera: Philopteridae) on five farms, Menacanthus stramineus (Nitzsch, 1818; Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) on nine farms, Goniocotes gallinae De Geer (Phthiraptera: Philopteridae) on 11 farms, Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778; Mesostigmata: Dermanyssidae) on two farms, and Ornithonyssus sylviarum (Canestrini & Fanzago, 1877; Mesostigmata: Macronyssidae) on one farm. The diversity of ectoparasites on these open environment poultry farms highlights a need for additional research on ectoparasite prevalence and intensity in these poultry farming systems.

10achicken10alouse10amite10aorganic10aparasite1 aChambless, Kendra, N.1 aCornell, Kevin, A.1 aCrespo, Rocio1 aSnyder, William, E.1 aOwen, Jeb, P. uhttps://academic.oup.com/jme/article/59/5/1837/664888002674nas a2200181 4500008004100000022003500041245012300076210006900199300001300268490000700281520200000288653001202288653002902300653002102329100003202350700003202382856007802414 2021 eng d aeISSN 2300-6706 ISSN 2299-063100aPhylogenetic analysis of lice infested chicken (Gallus gallus domisticus) with new records in Kurdistan of Iraq0 aPhylogenetic analysis of lice infested chicken iGallus gallus do a61–1680 v673 a

The domestic chickens are the most important protein sources of human populations in every part of the world; many parasites' species may affect birds. Ectoparasites can be found practically in all birds. They feed on their body components like blood, feathers. The effects of louse parasitism on birds are often severe, including retarded growth, low egg production and susceptibility to other infections and due to lice possess chewing mouthpart, it feeds on dry skin scales, scab tissues, and feather parts and it causes skin irritation and sucks blood (anemia), discomfort, loss of plumage, and decrease in productivity of the host. The aim of this study is to investigate lice genera and create the phylogenetic tree among the sequenced lice, using both mitochondrial DNA (COI gene) and nuclear gene (18S rRNA gene). Sequencing data were aligned with the sequences available in the NCBI GenBank. From October 2017 until July 2018, two hundred outdoor local chickens from three governorates (Duhok, Erbil and Sulaymaniyah), were examined for lice collection. After the morphological identification of the lice, the total genomic DNA of each louse was extracted individually and universal primers L6625, H7005 were used to amplify the DNA of mitochondrial gene COI (Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit I) and three designed specific primers (18SrRSHM1, 18SrRSHM2 and 18SrRSHM3) were applied to amplify the DNA of the nuclear gene 18S rRNA. Sequencing DNA results were submitted to the GenBank, For the first time in Iraq, twelve species of chicken lice have been submitted in a GenBank with accession numbers of MN531684 from Menopon gallinae; MN524167, MN588078, MN588079 belonged to the species of Menacanthus stramineus; MN524168, MN524182, MN588080 belonged to the species of Goniocotes gallinae; MN524180, MN588092 belonged to the species of Lipeurus caponis; MN524181, MN588091 belonged to the species of Goniocotes gigas and MN588089 belonged to the species of Goniodes dissimilis.

10achicken10aGallus gallus domesticus10aGoniocotes gigas1 aAl-Badrani, Mohammed, Adnan1 aAl-Muffti, Shamal, Abdullah uhttps://www.annals-parasitology.eu/go.live.php/PL-H240/2021-vol-67-2.html04542nas a2200193 4500008004100000022001400041245005800055210005800113300000900171490000700180520401200187653001204199653000904211653001504220653001104235100002104246700001804267856006304285 2015 eng d a2149-335900aMallophaga Species in the Chickens of Mardin Province0 aMallophaga Species in the Chickens of Mardin Province a7-120 v263 a

Article in Turkish. Title: Mardin ve Yöresi Tavuklarında Mallophaga Türleri

ÖZET: Bu çalışma Mardin’in farklı özelliklere sahip 5 ilçesinde (Merkez, Yeşilli, Midyat, Savur, Nusaybin) evlerin bahçelerindeki kümeslerde veya kümes olarak kullanılan mağaralarda yetiştirilen tavuklarda bitlerin yayılışı ve türlerinin tespiti amacıyla yapılmıştır.Bir yıl süreyle gidilen her bir ilçede belirlenen 10 kümesten 10’ar tavuk seçilerek tüm vücutlarına 5 g carbaryl toz (Sevitox, Hektaş) dökülerek toplam  2112  adet  bit  elde edilmiştir. Yüzde 10’luk KOH ile şeffaflaştırıldıktan sonra Faure forte ile lama yapıştırılan bit preparatları binoküler ışık mikroskobunda incelenerek tür teşhisleri yapılmıştır. Mardin ve yöresinde incelenen 600 tavuğun 392’sinin (%65) bitlerle enfeste olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Menacanthus  stramineus (%68.9) tüm çalışma odaklarında rastlanan en yaygın bit türü olup, bunu Menapongallinae (%17.2)  ve M.  cornutus (%11.2)  izlemiştir. Cuclotogaster    heterographus (%2.1) veGoniocotes hologaster(%0.5)  oranında yakalanmıştır. Toplanan bitlerin içerisinde dişiler (%59.6) erkeklerden (%40.4) fazla bulunmuştur. Mardin yöresi tavuklarında Mallophaga enfestasyonlarının yüksek oranda görülmesi, özellikle oldukça hareketli ve patojen olduğu bildirilen M. stramineusbaşta olmak üzere Amblyceran bit türlerinin yaygın görülmesi verim kayıpları ve ölümlere bağlı ekonomik kayıplar oluşturması yönünden önemlidir. Bu nedenle bölge halkı için önem  taşıyan  tavuklarda  bit  enfestasyonlarına  karşı  uygun  bir  insektisitle  mücadele  edilmesi  ve yetiştiriciliğin bilinçli yapılması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışma Mardin yöresinde tavuk bitleri üzerine yapılan ilk çalışma olması yönüyle önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:Tavuk, Bit, Mallophaga, Mardin

Abstract: This study was performed in order to determine the distribution and spreading of Mallophaga species on chicken breeding in caves or henhouse existing garden of houses in the 5 district of Mardin with different characteristics (Central, Yeşilli, Midyat, Savur, Nusaybin). For one year in each district 10 chicken selected from 10 determined henhouses. Totaly, 2112 lice were obtained from the whole body of the chicken by pouring carbaryl powder (Sevitox, Hektaş). After transparent with 10% KOH, lices were mounted with Faure forte and identified under a binocular light microscope. Out of 392 of 600 chicken (%65) from the province of Mardin were found to be infested with lice. The most common lice was M. stramineus (68.9%) in all the studied focus, and followed by M. gallinae (17.2%) and M. cornutus (11.2%). Cuclotogaster heterographus (2.1%), and G. hologaster (0.5%) were caught in relatively small amounts. All of the collected lice, females (59.6%) were found more than males (40.4%). High rate Mallophaga infestation seen in the chicken of the province of Mardin and specially the Amblyceran lice species, mainly M. stramineus reported to be very active and pathogenic were commonly seen, it is important for economically losses depending on death and losing of product. For this reason, against lice infestation in chicken should be tackled with an appropriate insecticide and poultry breading should be required consciously applications being important for the people of the region. This study is important for the first report on the aspect of the chicken lice of Mardin region

10achicken10alice10aMallophaga10aMardin1 aDöner, Abdullah1 aYaman, Mehmet uhttps://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/vanvetj/issue/23561/25102101719nas a2200181 4500008004100000245008000041210006900121300001200190490000700202520114300209653001201352653001701364653001701381653001401398100002901412700002601441856007001467 2013 eng d00aEcto and Endo Parasites Prevalence in Domestic Chickens in Sulaimani Region0 aEcto and Endo Parasites Prevalence in Domestic Chickens in Sulai a149-1550 v373 a

The study was conducted on 65 local adult chickens (Gallus domesticus) to investigate  macro - and microscopically presence of external and internal parasites and their prevalence in Sulaimani region-Kurdistan/Iraq from May to July 2012. Results showed that 90.77 % out of total examined chickens were infested with ecto-parasites, out of that 81.36 % (48/59) were infested with lice such as (Menacanthus  stramineus, Goniocotes  gallinae, Menopon  gallinae, Goniodes  gigas, Cuclotogaster  heterographus ) and 62.72 (37/59) of it with larval stage of soft tick such as (Argas  persicus).  Mixed infestations with more than two ecto-parasite species were detected. On the other hand 89.23% out of 65 examined chickens were infected by internal parasites including nematodes and cestodes such as (Heterakis  gallinarum which formed 81% and the remains were Ascaridia  galli, Cheilospirura  hamulosa, Capillaria  spp., Raillietina  spp., Choanotaenia  infundibulum, Amoebotaenia  sphenoides, Hymenolepis  carioca and  Davaniea  proglottina).

10achicken10aectoparasite10aEndoparasite10ahelmenthe1 aAbdullah, Shadan, Hassan1 aMohammed, Aram, Ahmad uhttp://jcovm.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/Iraqijvm/article/view/27501697nas a2200253 4500008004100000022001400041245009900055210006900154260001200223300001600235490000700251520098800258653001201246653001801258653001701276653001501293653000901308653001501317653001101332100001601343700001401359700001501373856005501388 2009 eng d a0049-474700aPrevalence and seasonal variation of ectoparasite load in free-range chicken of Kashmir valley0 aPrevalence and seasonal variation of ectoparasite load in freera c02-2009 a1371 - 13760 v413 a

A faunistical study of ectoparasites was carried out for a period of two years from January 2005 to December 2006 in rural free-range chicken purchased from different areas of Kashmir valley. Screening of a total of 478 birds revealed only lice infestation with an overall prevalence of about 100% and 97.69% birds harboring multiple species. The prevalence for various species of lice, during winter, spring, summer, autumn and overall prevalence respectively, was 90.32%, 99.14%, 100%, 98.34% and 96.86% for Lipeurus caponis; 33.87%, 48.71%, 57.75%, 39.66% and 44.76% for Goniodes gigas; 29.83%, 32.47%, 45.68%, 32.23% and 34.93% for Menopon gallinae; 28.22%, 32.47%, 39.65%, 32.23% and 33.05% for Menacanthus cornutus; 16.12%, 19.65%, 25%, 18.18% and 19.66% for Goniocotes gallinae and 6.45%, 12.82%, 13.79%, 4.95% and 9.41% for Eomenacanthus stramineus. The seasonal influence on nature and intensity of infestation was evident.

10achicken10aectoparasites10aepidemiology10afree-range10alice10aPrevalence10aseason1 aSalam, S.T.1 aMir, M.S.1 aKhan, A.R. uhttp://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11250-009-9324-902736nas a2200217 4500008004100000022002200041245005400063210005400117260001200171300001400183490000700197520207400204653001202278653001802290653001802308653001302326653000802339100001902347700002002366856013202386 2009 eng d aonline 2146-3077 00aVan Yöresi Tavuklarında Paraziter Fauna Tespiti0 aVan Yöresi Tavuklarında Paraziter Fauna Tespiti c03-2009 a162 - 1640 v323 a

Paper in Turkish

ÖZET: Bu çalışma ile2002 ve 2003 yılı içerisinde Van yöresinde yaşayan ev tavuklarında paraziter fauna tespiti amaçlandı. Çalışmanın kapsamını dışkı muayenesi ile endoparazit tespiti ve dış bakı ile ektoparazit tespiti oluşturmuştur. Gaita muayenesinde natif, flotasyon ve sedimentasyon yöntemleri kullanıldı. Çalışmada %85 oranında endoparazit, %76 oranında ektoparazit enfestasyonu tespit edildi. Endoparazitlerden Eimeria oocystleri %65, helmint yumurtaları %52 oranında bulundu. Bulunan helmintler %2 Echinostoma spp., %8 Davania proglottina, %10 Raillietina spp., %4 Trichostrongylus tenuis, %2 Dispharynx nasuta, %13 Ascaridia galli, %15 Heterakis gallinarum, %30 Capillaria spp.olarak belirlendi.Ektoparazitlerin %32 Goniocotes hologaster, %6 Lipeurus heteragraphus, %42 Eomanacanthus stramineus, %11 Menacanthus cornutus, %22 Menopon gallinae olduğu belirlendi.
Anahtar Sözcükler: Endoparazit, ektoparazit, helmint, tavuk, Van

English Title: Determination of Parasite Fauna of Chicken in the Van Region
SUMMARY: The aim of this study was to determine the parasite fauna of the chicken in Van Province in 2002 and 2003. The material of the present study included endoparasites and ectoparasites determined by rutine parasitological examinations. Direct, flotation and sedimentation techniques for endoparasites were used. The total of endoparasites and ectoparasites were determined as 85% and 76% respectively. The ratios of endoparasites obtained from the chicken were coccidial oocystis 65%, Echinostoma spp. 2%, Davania proglottina 8%, Raillietina spp. 10%, Trichostrongylus tenuis 4%, Dispharynx nasuta 1%, Ascaridia galli 13%, Heterakis gallinarum 15%, Capillaria spp. 30% whereas ratios of ectoparasites were Goniocotes hologaster 32%, Lipeurus heteragraphus 6%, Eomenacanthus stramineus 42%, Menacanthus cornutus 11%, Menopon gallinae 22%.

10achicken10aectoparasites10aEndoparasites10ahelminth10aVan1 aORUNÇ, Özlem1 aBİÇEK, Kamile uhttp://www.turkiyeparazitolderg.org/archives/archive-detail/article-preview/van-yresi-tavuklarnda-paraziter-fauna-tespiti/2311102563nas a2200253 4500008004100000022002200041245012700063210006900190260001200259300001400271490000600285520179300291653001302084653001202097653002802109653001802137653001202155653001402167653001502181653001802196100002102214700002202235856005202257 2010 eng d aonline: 2231-091600aPrevalence of External parasite of poultry in intensive and backyard chicken farm at Wolayta Soddo town, Southern Ethiopia0 aPrevalence of External parasite of poultry in intensive and back c12-2010 a533 - 5380 v33 a

A cross sectional study was conducted from Nov.2008 to April 2009 to identify and estimate prevalence of ectoparisites of poultry in intensive and backyard chicken farm at Wolayta Soddo town southern nation nationalities and peoples region of Ethiopia.Three hundred eighty four chickens were selected using systematic random sampling technique.Ectoparasites were collected from different parts of the body including skin scraping from shank.Concomitantly age, sex as well as other risk factors recorded.The study result showed that four genus (lice, flea, mite and tick) and six species of ectoparasites recovered in back yard and none in intensive production system.The prevalence of external parasite infestation in backyard production system were 88% lice, 16.5% flea, 8.1% mite and 9.2% tick.Menopon gallinae 49 (139/284) the most prevalent ectoparasite species followed by Cuclotogaster heterographus40%(115/284) while Cnemidocoptes mutans8.1%(23/284) was the least identified.The finding in age group showed that there was a significant difference in prevalence of lice infestation between young and adult chicken (P< 0.05) with odds ratio of 5.2.Where young age group are 5.2 times more likely to be infested with lice than adult ones, where as mite prevalence was significantly different between age group with OR of 2.8, where adult group are 2.8 times more likely to be infested than young.On the other hand, flea and tick weren't significantly different (P>0.05) in both age and sex groups but it needs further study to find plausible explanation.The study indicated that external parasites are highly prevalent in backyard chicken, which is associated with poor hygienic system.There is a need to improve hygiene to increase chicken productivity in the area

10aBackyard10achicken10aCommercial Poultry Farm10aectoparasites10ahygiene10aIntensive10aPrevalence10aWolayta Soddo1 aMekuria, Solomon1 aGezahegn, Elsabet uhttp://www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.3/No.12.html02071nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001800041245010300059210006900162260000900231300001000240490000600250520136200256653001201618653002301630653000901653653000901662653000901671653001101680100002901691700003301720856008801753 2019 eng d a2090 – 424X00aPrevalence of Infection with Ectoparasites among Chickens of Albaha Region-Kingdom of Saudi Arabia0 aPrevalence of Infection with Ectoparasites among Chickens of Alb c2019 a1 - 60 v93 a

The Ectoparasites negatively affect the productive potential of chickens because they compete for feed and cause discomfort and stress to them. The current study was aimed to determine the spread of ectoparasites in the chicken farms of Baljurshi province affiliated with Albaha city and also the evaluation of prevalence and risk factors of chicken ectoparasites. A total of 125 chickens from Baljurshi region were examined to investigate for the infection of
ectoparasites. The prevalence of ectoparasite was found to be 25.6%. There was a significant difference between the ectoparasites infestation and age of chickens (100% in adult chicken); type of farms, use of medicine and maintain level of hygiene (P≤0.001); number of chickens in each farm (P<0.05). However, the sex and breed of chickens were found to have no significant impact on ectoparasites infestation. The present study has shown the infestation of chicken
mainly by three types of ectoparasites (Lice, fleas and mites). Four species of chicken lice such as Menacanthus sramineus, Menopon gallinae, Gonoides gigas and Goniocotes gallinae were found. Whereas one species of flea, Echidnophaga gallinacean and one species of mite; Dermanyssus gallina was also found. Periodic Examination of chickens at farms is recommended for early detection and treatment.

10achicken10aexternal parasites10aflea10alice10amite10aspread1 aGharsan, Fatehia, Nasser1 aEl_Hassan, Somia, AbdAlla Mo uhttp://www.textroad.com/pdf/JAFT/J.%20Agric.%20Food.%20Tech.,%209(1)1-6,%202019.pdf03620nas a2200169 4500008004100000245009600041210007500137260000900212520308200221653001203303653000903315100001803324700001603342700001603358700002003374856005603394 1999 eng d00aELAZIĞ VE YÖRESİNDE TAVUKLARDA BULUNAN BİT (MALLOPHAGA) TÜRLERİ VE BUNLARIN YAYILIŞI0 aELAZIĞ VE YÖRESİNDE TAVUKLARDA BULUNAN BİT MALLOPHAGA TÜRLERİ VE c19983 a

Paper in Turkish:

summary:Bu çalışma 1995-1996 Nisan ayları arasında Elazığ Merkez, Baskil, Keban, Kovancılar ve Sivrice ilçelerine bağlı köylerdeki tavuklar üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Yukarıda belirtilen odaklara her ay periyodik olarak gidilmiş ve 10'ar tavuk, bit enfestasyonu yönünden muayene edilmiştir.

Enfeste hayvanlardan toplanan bitler, %70'lik alkol ihtiva eden şişelere konarak laboratuvara getirilmiş, kloralhidrat solüsyonu ile şeffaflaştırılmış, lam-lamel arasında kanada balsamı ile monte edilerek tür tayinleri yapılmıştır.

Bir yıl içerisinde toplam 600 tavuk muayene edilmiş ve bunların 339'unun (%56.50) çeşitli bit türleri ile enfeste olduğu bulunmuştur. Enfeste tavukların 153'ünde (%45.13) Menacanthus stramineus, 102'sinde (%30.09) Menacanthus cornutus, 82'sinde (%24.19) Menepon gallinae, 61'inde (%17.99) Goniocotes gallinae, 3'ünde (%0.88) Goniodes dissimilis ve 3'ünde (%0.88) Lipeurus caponis'in oluşturduğu saf ve miks enfestasyonlara rastlanmıştır.

Enfestasyon oranlarının yıl içindeki dağılımları incelenmiş, en yüksek enfestasyon oranına aralık ayında rastlanmış (%76), bunu mayıs (%64) ve nisan (%62) ayları izlemiş, temmuz ayında ise en düşük oranda (%42) olduğu görülmüştür.

Bir yıl boyunca enfeste tavuklardan 3265 bit toplanmış, enfeste tavuk başına düşen ortalama bit miktarının aylara göre 4.44 ile 14.29 arasında değiştiği bulunmuştur.

English title:Distrubution of Lice in Chicken in Elazığ Region

Abstract: This study was carried out on the chickens in Elazığ and its four districts (Baskil, Keban, Kovancılar, Sivrice) during April 1995-April 1996. A total of 50 chickens were examined monthly in terms of lice from five localities during a year.

Louse collected from chickens were placed in 70% ethyle alcohol and brought to the laboratory and transferred into a universal tube containing chloral hydrate solution for clearing. Later, the specimens were mounted on slides using canada balsam for microscopic examination.

A total of 600 chickens were examined and 339 of them (56.50%) found to be infested with one or more species of lice. The species found on the infested chickens were Menacanthus stramineus (45.13%), M.cornutus (30.09%), Menapon gallinae (24.19%), Goniocotes gallinae (12.99%), Goniodes dissimilis (0.88%) and Lipeurus caponis (0.88%).

Infestation rates for each month were detected and the highest levels were found in December (76%), May (64%) and April (62%). The lowest level of infestation rate was seen in july (42%). A total of 3265 louse were collected from infested chickens. Average number of louse for each infested chickens were found to vary from 4.44 to 14.29 by month.

 

10achicken10alice1 aKöroğlu, E.1 aŞaki, C.E.1 aDurmanh, N.1 aAngin, Muhammet uhttp://veteriner.fusabil.org/summary_en.php3?id=27101155nas a2200193 4500008004100000245007800041210006900119260000900188300001400197490000600211520059800217653001200815653001200827653001500839653001700854653001100871100002100882856005800903 1991 eng d00aMallophaga of the domestic chicken in the central region of Saudi Arabia.0 aMallophaga of the domestic chicken in the central region of Saud c1991 a143 - 1500 v33 a

From November 1986 to June 1987, a survey of mallophagan lice on chickens, White Leghorn and Saudian Baladi breeds, was conducted on 60 poultry farms in the Al-Kharj and Riyadh areas of central Saudi Arabia. Menacanthus pallidulus, M. cornutus [Gallacanthus cornutus], M. stramineus, Goniodes dissimilis, Goniocotes gallinae, Menopon gallinae and Amyrsidea sp. were detected. The first 5 species were new records of Mallophaga on domestic chickens in Saudi Arabia, and the Amyrsidea sp. is considered to be the first known to be recorded from domestic chicken, possibly a new species.

10achicken10aInsecta10aMallophaga10aSaudi Arabia10aSurvey1 aAldryhim, Y., N. uhttps://www.ejfa.me/index.php/journal/article/view/2501303nas a2200241 4500008004100000020001400041245006500055210006500120260000900185300001200194490000700206520058800213653001200801653001200813653002100825653001800846653001500864653001500879653002400894100001400918700002600932856010300958 1981 eng d a0003-316200aViability of chicken Mallophaga following loss of their host0 aViability of chicken Mallophaga following loss of their host c1981 a83 - 910 v223 aEomenacanthus stramineus, Menopon gallinae, and Goniocoles gallinae were found to have a different locomotive ability after losing contact with their host. Speed and character of the locomotion depend on vitality, leg anatomy, locomotive mechanism, and external factors, e.g. roughness of the substrate. Viability and mortality of the three Mallophaga species were investigated on such substrates as are normally found in poultry houses. The results suggest an active infectiosity of Eomenacanthus stramineus amd a passive one of Menopon gallinae and Goniocotes gallinea among hosts.10aanimals10achicken10aEnglish Abstract10ahost parasite10aLocomotion10aMallophaga10aSpecies Specificity1 aUrban, E.1 aZłotorzycka, Jadwiga uhttps://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/content/viability-chicken-mallophaga-following-loss-their-host01606nas a2200241 4500008004100000020001400041245005900055210005900114260000900173300001200182490000700194520087600201653001201077653003801089653001201127653001701139653001501156653002101171653002401192100001901216700002601235856010301261 1984 eng d a0003-316200aConnections between poultry biting lice and microflora0 aConnections between poultry biting lice and microflora c1984 a43 - 490 v253 aMicroorganisms were found in about 300 Mallophaga ( Menopon gallinae, Eomenacanthus stramineus , Goniocotes gallinae) and 11 host hens. The majority of isolated bacteria was determined as grampositive cocci. The microflora found on the surface of and inside the Mallophaga as well as in the samples of hen's skin did not exhibit significant qualitative differences. The internal microflora in Mallophaga appeared qualitatively a little poorer than the external. Breeding of bacteria from interior tissues of nymphs of G. gallinae seldom succeeded, although bacteria were found in all microscopical preparations. The results indicate the bacteriostatical effect of an unknown agent in the digestive system of Mallophaga, as well as the presence of microorganisms (probably specific to the insects investigated) which, however, cannot be distinguished by the usual methods.10aanimals10aBacteria/isolation & purification10achicken10aectoparasite10aMallophaga10aPoultry Diseases10aSpecies Specificity1 aLonc, Elzbieta1 aZłotorzycka, Jadwiga uhttps://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/content/connections-between-poultry-biting-lice-and-microflora01614nas a2200253 4500008004100000245015300041210006900194260000900263300001400272490000700286520078800293653001201081653001201093653001701105653001001122653004601132653001501178653004601193653001201239653001201251653002101263100001901284856005701303 1988 eng d00aEctoparasites of guinea fowl (Numida meleagris galeata Pallas) and local domestic chicken (Gallus gallus) in southern Guinea Savanna, Nigeria0 aEctoparasites of guinea fowl iNumida meleagris galeatai Pallas a c1988 a277 - 2800 v123 a

The ectoparasites of poultry in a southern guinea savanna zone were investigated by the examination of guinea fowl and local domestic chickens in the range and guinea fowl under intensive management. The prevalent ectoparasites of range guinea fowl and local chickens include seven species of lice Menacanthus stramineus, Menopon gallinae, Goniodes gigas, Goniocotes gallinae, Lipeurus caponis, Numidilipeurus tropicalis, Damalinia bovis; three mites Bdellonyssus bursa, Megninia cubitalis, Dermanyssus gallinae; two fleas Echidnophaga gallinacea, Ctenocephalides felis and two ticks Argas persicus and Ambylomma variegatum. Under intensive management, infestation by G. gigas, L. caponis and M. gallinae led to clinical signs, feather damage, reduced food intake and death.

10aanimals10achicken10aectoparasite10afleas10aLice Infestations/epidemiology/veterinary10aMallophaga10aMite Infestations/epidemiology/veterinary10aNigeria10apoultry10aPoultry Diseases1 aOkaeme, A., N. uhttps://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF0034324501176nas a2200301 4500008004100000245003400041210003400075260000900109300001400118490000600132520045500138653001200593653002200605653001100627653001100638653001200649653001900661653001000680653001100690653001000701653000900711653001700720653001000737100001800747700002000765700001700785856007200802 1993 eng d00aLice of farm animals in Libya0 aLice of farm animals in Libya c1993 a138 - 1400 v73 aThis first report on the lice of farm animals in Libya lists a total of fifteen species, as follows: Haematopinus quadripertusus and Linognathus vituli from cattle, Bovicola ovis, Linognathus pedalis, L. africanus and L. ovillus from sheep, L. stenopsis, L. africanus and Bovicola caprae from goats. Poultry harboured Lipeurus caponis, L. heterographus, Menacanthus stramineus, Menopon gallinae, Goniocotes gallinae, Goniodes gigas and G. dissimilis.10aanimals10aAnimals, Domestic10aCamels10acattle10achicken10aclassification10agoats10ahorses10aLibya10alice10aParasitology10asheep1 aGabaj, M., M.1 aBeesley, W., N.1 aAwan, M., A. uhttps://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/content/lice-farm-animals-libya02259nas a2200253 4500008004100000245018500041210006900226260000900295300001600304490000700320520139200327653002501719653001201744653001201756653001201768653001301780653004601793653001501839653002501854653002101879653001201900100001901912856007401931 1996 eng d00aAssociation between duration of humid season and geographical distribution patterns of different species of chewing lice (Mallophaga:Insecta) infesting domestic chickens in Nigeria0 aAssociation between duration of humid season and geographical di c1996 a1034 - 10360 v823 a

In a countrywide study of the geographical distribution patterns of chicken lice in Nigeria, 3 species, Menacanthus pallidulus (Neumann 1912), Goniodes dissimilis Denny, 1842, and Menopon gallinae (Linnaeus, 1758), were completely restricted to within areas with a long humid season (6-12 humid mo per yr). In constrast, 4 species, Cuclotogaster occidentalis Tendeiro, 1954, Menacanthus cornutus (Schommer, 1913), Amyrsidea powelli (Bedford, 1920), and Goniodes gigas (Taschenberg, 1879), thrived only in areas where the humid season was of a short duration (< or = 5 mo). The last 3 named species extended also into the fringes of areas with a long humid season (6-8 humid mo) at significantly reduced numbers. They were entirely absent in areas with a particularly protracted humid season (9-12 humid mo). Three other species. Numidilipeurus tropicalis (Peters, 1931), Goniocotes gallinae (DeGeer, 1778), and Lipeurus caponis (Linnaeus, 1758), were just as abundant in areas of a long humid season as they were in areas with a short humid season. It was concluded that there was an association between duration of the humid season and the geographical distribution patterns of certain species of chicken lice in Nigeria. The duration of the humid season might thus provide a means of predicting the potential occurrence of some species of chicken lice in a particular area.

10aAnalysis of Variance10aanimals10achicken10aClimate10ahumidity10aLice Infestations/epidemiology/veterinary10aMallophaga10aNigeria/epidemiology10aPoultry Diseases10aSeasons1 aFabiyi, J., P. uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/3284220?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents03234nas a2200481 4500008004100000245016600041210006900207260000900276300001400285490000800299520185200307653001402159653001702173653001402190653001602204653001202220653001702232653002002249653001802269653001502287653002002302653001302322653001002335653001502345653001302360653001402373653001802387653001602405653001502421653001602436653001202452653001602464653001502480653001502495653001302510653001402523100001402537700001402551700001502565700001402580700001702594856014102611 1997 eng d00aComparative studies of external parasites and gastro-intestinal helminths of chickens kept under different management system in and around Addis Ababa (Ethiopia)0 aComparative studies of external parasites and gastrointestinal h c1997 a497 - 5000 v1483 aAn attempt was made to study the influence of management system on the status of parasitism in local and exotic breeds of domestic fowls kept in and around Addis Ababa. Significant differences (X-2 p < 0.05) in prevalence rate of internal and external parasites were found between different management system. Out of 93 chickens in cage system, the only detected ecto-parasite was Dermanysus gallinae Examination of 102 chickens kept under semi intensive system unveiled different species of lice such as Gonoides gigas (44.12%), Menopon gallinae (23.53%), Menacanthus stramineus (10.78%), Goniocotes gallinae (2.094%) and one species of mite (Dermanysus gallinae). While in free ranging chickens (n=109), six different species of lice : Menacanthus stramineus (26.6%), Menopon gallinae (60.55%), Gonoides gigas (78.9%), Goniocotes gallinae (10.09%) and Cuclotogaster heterographus (14.71%) were identified. In addition one species of mite (Dermanysus gallinae) and one species of flea Ctenocephalides felis (0.92%) were recorded. Examination of 98 gastro intestinal viscera from chickens kept in cage system showed negative results for helminth parasites. Whereas in semi intensive system (N = 104), 57.73% of chickens harboured at least one internal helminth parasite : Ascaridia galli (49.04%), Heterakis gallinarum (11.57%), Raillietina cesticillus (7.69%), Raillietina tetragona (1.92%) and Choanotaenia infundibulum (4.8%) were detected. Out of 95 chickens from free range system, 97.89% harboured at least one species of internal helminth parasite : Ascaridia galli (71.58%), Heterakis gallinarum (21.05%), Subulura brumpti (13.68%)., Raillietina cesticillus (37.87%), Raillietina echinobothridia (29.47%), Raillietina tetragona (26.32%), Choanotaenia infundibulum (22.16%), Amoebotaenia sphenoides (12.63%) and Hymenolepis carioca (5.26%).10aAmblycera10aAmoebotaenia10aAscaridia10acesticillus10achicken10aChoanotaenia10aCtenocephalides10aCuclotogaster10aDermanysus10aechinobothridia10aEthiopia10afelis10agoniocotes10aGoniodes10aHeterakis10aheterographus10aHymenolepis10aIschnocera10aMenacanthus10amenopon10aRaillietina10asphenoides10astramineus10aSubulura10atetragona1 aAbebe, W.1 aAsfaw, T.1 aGenete, B.1 aKassa, B.1 aDorchies, P. uhttps://phthiraptera.myspecies.info/content/comparative-studies-external-parasites-and-gastro-intestinal-helminths-chickens-kept-under-d