TY - JOUR T1 - Ectoparasitic diseases in dermatology: reassessment of scabies and pediculosis JF - Advances in DermatologyAdvances in Dermatology Y1 - 1999 A1 - Meinking,Terri Lynn A1 - Craig G. Burkhart A1 - Burkhart,Craig N. SP - 67 EP - 108 VL - 15 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - School nurses' perceptions of and experiences with head lice JF - Journal of School Health Y1 - 1999 DO - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1561.1999.tb04174.x A1 - Price,J. H. A1 - Burkhart,Craig N. A1 - Craig G. Burkhart A1 - Islam,R. SP - 153 EP - 158 KW - adult KW - Analysis of Variance KW - animals KW - Attitude of Health Personnel KW - child KW - Child, Preschool KW - humans KW - Lice Infestations/nursing/prevention & control KW - Middle Aged KW - Organizational Policy KW - Pediculus KW - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't KW - scalp dermatoses KW - School Nursing KW - Self Efficacy KW - U.S.A. AB -

Researchers examined school nurses' perceptions of head lice, perceived self-efficacy in dealing with head lice, and personal experience in reducing head lice problems. Survey data from a two-wave mailing from 382 school nurses found most nurses supported a "no-nit" rule of forced absenteeism of any child with nits in their hair (60%). They perceived OTC treatments for head lice as very effective in killing adult lice (66%), and 9% perceived them as not effective. Nurses had a high efficacy expectation regarding their ability to control head lice (63%), and they had high outcome expectations regarding the results of their work with students and families of students (66%). Most nurses received their information about head lice from professional journals (76%) and professional conferences/conventions (62%).

VL - 69 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1746-1561.1999.tb04174.x IS - 4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular composition of the louse sheath JF - Journal of Parasitology Y1 - 1999 A1 - Burkhart,Craig N. A1 - Stankiewicz,B. A. A1 - Pchalek,I. A1 - Kruge,M. A. A1 - Craig G. Burkhart SP - 559 EP - 561 KW - Amino Acids KW - animals KW - Fatty Acids/analysis KW - Insect proteins KW - Mass Fragmentography KW - Pediculus KW - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't AB -

Flash pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry was used to assess the chemical composition of the head louse's nit sheath. The pyrolyzate of the female insect's secretions, which form a cement-like cylinder holding the egg onto the hair, is dominated by amino acid derivatives and fatty acids. No chitin-specific compounds were detected in the sheath. These results, contrary to previous reports, show that the polymeric complex of the sheath is composed of proteinaceous moieties, possibly cross-linked to aliphatic components. This study constitutes the first chemical characterization of the pyrolysis products of insect (louse) glue and unequivocally confirms that louse sheaths are not chitinous, as suggested by earlier histochemical studies. Development of agents that might loosen nits from the hair shaft is dependent on research that addresses the chemical composition of the nit sheath.

VL - 85 UR - https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/3285796.pdf IS - 3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Histochemical analysis of the nit of Pediculus humanus capitis (Anoplura: Pediculidae) JF - Journal of Medical Entomology Y1 - 1999 A1 - Burkhart,Craig N. A1 - Arbogast,J. A1 - Smythe,P. A1 - Craig G. Burkhart SP - 530 EP - 532 KW - animals KW - humans KW - Lice Infestations/parasitology KW - Ovum/ultrastructure KW - Pediculus AB -

Histochemical stainings of head louse nits were performed and observations indicated that the nit sheath was nonchitinous. One discernable membrane composed of hyaluronic acid was established that encircled the larvae within the egg. The structural framework of the egg included a definite lattice around each aeropyle of the operculum, through which oxygen exchange occurred.

VL - 36 UR - http://www.phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/45061.pdf IS - 4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Scanning electron microscopy of human head louse (Anoplura: Pediculidae) egg and its clinical ramifications JF - Journal of Medical Entomology Y1 - 1999 A1 - Burkhart,Craig N. A1 - Craig G. Burkhart A1 - Gunning,W. T. A1 - Arbogast,J. SP - 454 EP - 456 KW - animals KW - humans KW - Microscopy, Electron, Scanning KW - Ovum/ultrastructure KW - Pediculus KW - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't KW - scalp dermatoses AB - Pediculosis affects more elementary school students than all other communicable childhood diseases combined, excluding the common cold. The current study using scanning electron microscopy visualized operculums through which developing embryos received oxygen, as well as fracture lines within the adherent sheath by which the egg is attached to the hair. Using microscopic techniques, including freeze-fracturing, the mode of attachment of the sheath to the hair follicle was observed, in addition to the existence of several inner membranes enclosing the embryo within the egg structure. The chemical nature of the sheath is also analyzed using electron dispersive x-ray analysis. CY - UNITED STATES VL - 36 SN - 0022-2585 IS - 4 N1 - LR: 20041117; JID: 0375400; ppublish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Head lice JF - Cutis Y1 - 1999 A1 - Burkhart,Craig N. A1 - Craig G. Burkhart SP - 314B KW - Pediculosis VL - 64 IS - 5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Another look at ivermectin in the treatment of scabies and head lice JF - International Journal of Dermatology Y1 - 1999 A1 - Burkhart,Craig N. A1 - Craig G. Burkhart SP - 235 KW - Pediculosis VL - 38 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Return of the silent merengue: the crab louse JF - Infections in Medicine Y1 - 1999 A1 - Burkhart,Craig N. A1 - Craig G. Burkhart SP - 182 EP - 182 KW - clinical KW - Pthirus KW - Pthirus pubis VL - 16 IS - 3 N1 - 178GT INFECT MED ER -