<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sławomira Fryderyk</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Izdebska,J. N.</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. Wiącek</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marcin Polak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M. Kucharczyk</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">G. Grzywaczewski</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">L. Jerzak</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Birds as a living environment for parasitic arthropods</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Birds – Environment – Threats - Conservation. Selected issues in avian ecology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parasitic arthropods</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/273128456_Birds_as_a_living_environment_for_parasitic_arthropods</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lubelskie Towarzystwo Ornitologiczne</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lublin</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">61-69</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Birds are living environment of several groups of parasitic arthropods representing insects and mites, which play in their life an important role as pathogenic species, vectors of serious pathogens, but could also have an influence on behaviour or various aspects of life and environmental adaptations, e.g. thermoregulation. Parasitic arthropods are characterized by a multitude of adaptation strategies enabling them to inhabit microhabitats of different host species &amp;ndash; they could be temporary parasites, living in the vicinity or close to the host, even in bird nests, or stationary parasites living on the feathers, skin surface or inside the skin, and even in body cavity or internal organs. Among insects undoubtedly the most important are specific for birds chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera, Amblycera), fleas Siphonaptera, bugs Hemiptera, flies Diptera; mites associated with birds represent several families of the order Ixodida (Argasidae, Ixodidae), Mesostigmata (Dermanyssidae, Rhinonyssidae), Prostigmata (Harpyrhynchidae Syringophillidae,), Astigmata (Ascouracaridae, Cheylabididae, Cytoditidae, Dermoglyphidae, Epidermoptidae, Gabuciniidae, Knemidokoptidae, Kramerellidae Laminosioptidae, Psoroptoididae, Pterolichidae, Turbinoptidae, Xolalgidae).&lt;br /&gt;
	&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Janusz Kloskowski</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maciej Filipiuk</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marcin Polak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sławomira Fryderyk</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Low Prevalence but High Intensity of Infestation by Amblyceran Lice in Red-Necked Grebes (&lt;i&gt;Podiceps grisegena&lt;/i&gt;) in Eastern Poland</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Waterbirds</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Waterbirds</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chewing lice</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">host-parasite relationships</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">infestation rate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Red-necked Grebe</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">virulence</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan-12-2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1675/063.039.0410</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">39</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">408 - 412</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Patterns of louse infestation in waterbirds deserve attention due to potential impacts on host popu- lations. Red-necked Grebes (Podiceps grisegena) were visually examined for the presence of amblyceran chewing lice during the 2000-2015 breeding seasons in eastern Poland. Only one species of lice (Pseudomenopon dolium) was recorded. Amblyceran prevalence was low; four young birds (2.7%) were found infested out of 147 banded individuals (66 adults and 81 chicks). However, all infested Red-necked Grebes bore heavy parasite loads. Negative consequences of infestation for physiological condition were indicated by low hemoglobin and total protein values when compared with same-age non-infested birds. The low infestation rate can be related to the biology of the host (a diving species undergoing molt at sea, solitary breeder) and the apparent high pathogenicity of P. dolium, which left numerous holes in feathers and bleeding bites in all parasitized birds.&lt;/p&gt;
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