Trophic Structure in a Seabird Host-Parasite Food Web: Insights from Stable Isotope Analyses

Publication Type:Journal Article
Year of Publication:2010
Authors:E. Gómez-Díaz, González-Solís J.
Journal:PLoS ONE
Volume:5
Issue:5
Pagination:7pp
Date Published:Apr-05-2010
Type of Article:Open access e10454
Abstract:

Ecological  studies  on  food  webs  rarely  include  parasites,  partly  due  to  the  complexity  and  dimensionality  of  host-parasiteinteraction  networks.  Multiple  co-occurring  parasites  can  show  different  feeding  strategies  and  thus  lead  to  complex  andcryptic  trophic  relationships,  which  are  often  difficult  to  disentangle  by  traditional  methods.  We  analyzed  stable  isotoperatios  of  C  (13C/12C,d13C)  and  N  (15N/14N,d15N)  of  host  and  ectoparasite  tissues  to  investigate  trophic  structure  in  4  co-occurring  ectoparasites:  three  lice  and  one  flea  species,  on  two  closely  related  and  spatially  segregated  seabird  hosts(Calonectrisshearwaters).d13C  isotopic  signatures  confirmed  feathers  as  the  main  food  resource  for  the  three  lice  speciesand blood for the flea species. All ectoparasite species showed a significant enrichment ind15N relatively to the host tissueconsumed  (discrimination  factors  ranged  from  2  to  5%depending  on  the  species).  Isotopic  differences  were  consistentacross  multiple  host-ectoparasite  locations,  despite  of  some  geographic  variability  in  baseline  isotopic  levels. Our  findingsillustrate   the   influence   of   both   ectoparasite   and   host   trophic   ecology   in   the   isotopic   structuring   of   theCalonectrisectoparasite  community.  This  study  highlights  the  potential  of  stable  isotope  analyses  in  disentangling  the  nature  andcomplexity  of  trophic  relationships  in  symbiotic  systems.

URL:http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0010454
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0010454
Short Title:PLoS ONE
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