First Record of Chewing Lice, Damalinia (Tricholipeurus) lipeuroides and D. parallela (Phthiraptera: Trichodectidae), on White-tailed Deer (Mammalia: Cervidae) in the U.S. Virgin Islands, with a Review of Other Such Introductions Worldwide

In pre-Columbian times, the only large terrestrial mammals extant in the Greater Antilles and Leeward Islands were humans and their domestic dogs. White-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus (Zimmerman), were first introduced from the southeastern United States to what is now the U.S. Virgin Islands (USVI) by European colonists in 1790 (Heffelfinger 2011, Pp. 3–39 In Biology and Management of White-tailed Deer, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL), and deer from an unknown source were brought to Puerto Rico in the 1930s but were later extirpated (Woods 1996, Pp. 131–148 In The Scientific Survey of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands: An Eighty-year Reassessment of the Islands' Natural History [Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 776: 1–273], N.Y. Academy of Sciences, New York). Before their elimination, a small number of the Puerto Rican deer were removed to and established in St. Kitts in 1931 (Horwith and Lindsay 2000, A Biodiversity Profile of St. Kitts...