Kellogg studied entomology and natural history at the University of Kansas. He continued his studies in entomology at the University of Leipzig, and worked at Cornell University with John Henry Comstock. While at Cornell he accepted a position at the newly established Leland Stanford University, Palo Alta, California, where he established the Department of Zoology in 1894.
Kellogg was an active conservationist, an officer of the Sierra Club, and outdoorsman. In the 1900 Bulletin of the Sierra Club he wrote:"On climbing this peak I found records of but two previous ascents..the first in time being that of Dr. Emmet Rixford (Professor of Surgery at Stanford). Dr. Rixford's name became especially familiar to us last summer through finding it at the top of almost every peak we got up. At my suggestion we have called the hitherto unnamed (12, 887 ft.) peak in the Gardiner Kearsage Divide, "Mt. Rixford"."
In addition to his publications on lice, Kellogg wrote two books; Darwinism ToDay (1907) was a synopsis of all major evolutionary theories and a general defense of Darwinism against both its vocal critics and overly enthusiastic supporters. His second book is titled Headquarters Nights (1918)
Herbert Hoover was one of his students at Stanford. Kellogg left Stanford in1914 to work with Hoover providing humanitarian relief to civilians in the German occupied areas of Belgium and Northern France. After the war he accepted the position as Permanent Secretary of the National Research Council, a position he held from 1920 until poor health forced his retirement in 1931. Upon his retirement he became Secretary Emeritus.
Obituary in Nature.pdf
